Surgical robots have been widely used in diferent procedures to improve and facilitate the surgery.However,there is no robot designed for endometrial regeneration surgery,which is a new therapy for restoring fertility...Surgical robots have been widely used in diferent procedures to improve and facilitate the surgery.However,there is no robot designed for endometrial regeneration surgery,which is a new therapy for restoring fertility in women using stem cells.Endometrial regeneration surgery requires processing of the endometrium and transplantation of stem cells with minimal trauma to the uterus.In this paper,we introduce a surgical robotic system that consists of a dexterous hysteroscope,supporting arm,and additional novel instruments to facilitate the operation and decrease trauma to the uterus.Remote center of motion(RCM)constraint is required to protect the cervix of the uterus.First,the supporting arm and hysteroscope are controlled separately in kinematics to ensure that the RCM constraint and hysteroscope’s shape and posture are predictable.Then,a task-decoupled method is used to improve the robustness of the RCM constraint.Experiments confrm that the proposed method is more robust and achieves higher RCM accuracy.In addition,the master-slave control of a robot with RCM constraint is also verifed.This study proposes the realization of a robot with robust RCM control for endometrial regeneration surgery.展开更多
The concept of remote center of motion(RCM)is pivotal in a myriad of robotic applications,encompa-ssing areas such as medical robotics,orientation devices,and exoskeletal systems.The efficacy of RCM technology is a de...The concept of remote center of motion(RCM)is pivotal in a myriad of robotic applications,encompa-ssing areas such as medical robotics,orientation devices,and exoskeletal systems.The efficacy of RCM technology is a determining factor in the success of these robotic domains.This paper offers an exhaustive review of RCM technologies,elaborating on their various methodologies and practical implementations.It delves into the unique characteristics of RCM across different degrees of freedom(DOFs),aiming to distill their fundamental principles.In addition,this paper categorizes RCM approaches into two primary classifications:design based and control based.These are further organized according to their respective DOFs,providing a concise summary of their core methodologies.Building upon the understanding of RCM’s versatile capabilities,this paper then transitions to an in-depth exploration of its applications across diverse robotic fields.Concluding this review,we critically analyze the existing research challenges and issues that are inherently present in both RCM methodologies and their applications.This discussion is intended to serve as a guiding framework for future research endeavors and practical deployments in related areas.展开更多
与串联机构相比,并联机构具有刚度好、精度高、结构稳定紧凑等优点,适用于外科手术领域。提出一种可用于微创手术本体结构的两转动一移动远中心运动(Remote Center of Motion,RCM)(5R)O C-URR并联机构,具有部分运动解耦特性。建立机构...与串联机构相比,并联机构具有刚度好、精度高、结构稳定紧凑等优点,适用于外科手术领域。提出一种可用于微创手术本体结构的两转动一移动远中心运动(Remote Center of Motion,RCM)(5R)O C-URR并联机构,具有部分运动解耦特性。建立机构位置分析模型,推导出机构位置逆解表达式;在此基础上,针对微创手术工作任务,定义机构期望工作空间。应用局部运动/力传递性能评价指标,给出机构期望工作空间内平均传递指标定义及计算方法。以平均传递指标最大化为目标,建立机构尺度参数约束优化模型,并应用加速灰狼优化(Accelerating Grey Wolf Optimization,AGWO)算法求解该问题。数值实例测试显示,AGWO算法求解约束优化问题的综合性能优于对比算法。机构优化设计结果表明,给出的优化模型和算法可行有效。研究结果为该机构的实际应用奠定了理论基础。展开更多
基于前列腺癌患者截石位粒子植入手术的可操作空间,提出前列腺癌粒子植入机器人的设计要求;将机器人分为位置调整模块、姿态调整模块、末端植入器3个组成部分.通过杆件尺寸设计实现3自由度位置调整机构的运动解耦,计算其工作空间可满足...基于前列腺癌患者截石位粒子植入手术的可操作空间,提出前列腺癌粒子植入机器人的设计要求;将机器人分为位置调整模块、姿态调整模块、末端植入器3个组成部分.通过杆件尺寸设计实现3自由度位置调整机构的运动解耦,计算其工作空间可满足临床需求;姿态调整模块采用远程运动中心(remote center of motion,RCM)机构,引入平行四边形机构解决运动死点问题;末端植入器采用齿轮齿条机构驱动外针,硬质摩擦槽轮驱动内针,通过弹簧压紧机构提供稳定压紧力并设计大容量粒子弹夹.最后,利用ADAMS进行运动学分析,验证数值计算的准确性;动力学分析验证前列腺癌粒子植入机器人设计的合理可行.展开更多
This paper presents an automatic compensation algorithm for needle tip displacement in order to keep the needle tip always fixed at the skin entry point in the process of needle orientation in robot-assisted percutane...This paper presents an automatic compensation algorithm for needle tip displacement in order to keep the needle tip always fixed at the skin entry point in the process of needle orientation in robot-assisted percutaneous surgery. The algorithm, based on a two-degree-of-freedom （2-DOF） robot wrist （not the mechanically constrained remote center of motion （RCM） mechanism） and a 3-DOF robot ann, firstly calculates the needle tip displacement caused by rotational motion of robot wrist in the arm coordinate frame using the robotic forward kinematics, and then inversely compensates for the needle tip displace- ment by real-time Cartesian motion of robot arm. The algorithm achieves the function of the RCM and eliminates many mechanical and virtual constraints caused by the RCM mechanism. Experimental result demonstrates that the needle tip displacement is within 1 inm in the process of needle orientation.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61873257)CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(Grant No.JCTD-2020-11)Science and Technology Program Project of Liaoning Province of China(Grant Nos.2021JH1/10400045,2021JH2/10300058).
文摘Surgical robots have been widely used in diferent procedures to improve and facilitate the surgery.However,there is no robot designed for endometrial regeneration surgery,which is a new therapy for restoring fertility in women using stem cells.Endometrial regeneration surgery requires processing of the endometrium and transplantation of stem cells with minimal trauma to the uterus.In this paper,we introduce a surgical robotic system that consists of a dexterous hysteroscope,supporting arm,and additional novel instruments to facilitate the operation and decrease trauma to the uterus.Remote center of motion(RCM)constraint is required to protect the cervix of the uterus.First,the supporting arm and hysteroscope are controlled separately in kinematics to ensure that the RCM constraint and hysteroscope’s shape and posture are predictable.Then,a task-decoupled method is used to improve the robustness of the RCM constraint.Experiments confrm that the proposed method is more robust and achieves higher RCM accuracy.In addition,the master-slave control of a robot with RCM constraint is also verifed.This study proposes the realization of a robot with robust RCM control for endometrial regeneration surgery.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4701200)the Ningbo Key Projects of Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Plan of China(Grant No.2022Z070)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LD22E050011)the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.T2121003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52205003).
文摘The concept of remote center of motion(RCM)is pivotal in a myriad of robotic applications,encompa-ssing areas such as medical robotics,orientation devices,and exoskeletal systems.The efficacy of RCM technology is a determining factor in the success of these robotic domains.This paper offers an exhaustive review of RCM technologies,elaborating on their various methodologies and practical implementations.It delves into the unique characteristics of RCM across different degrees of freedom(DOFs),aiming to distill their fundamental principles.In addition,this paper categorizes RCM approaches into two primary classifications:design based and control based.These are further organized according to their respective DOFs,providing a concise summary of their core methodologies.Building upon the understanding of RCM’s versatile capabilities,this paper then transitions to an in-depth exploration of its applications across diverse robotic fields.Concluding this review,we critically analyze the existing research challenges and issues that are inherently present in both RCM methodologies and their applications.This discussion is intended to serve as a guiding framework for future research endeavors and practical deployments in related areas.
文摘与串联机构相比,并联机构具有刚度好、精度高、结构稳定紧凑等优点,适用于外科手术领域。提出一种可用于微创手术本体结构的两转动一移动远中心运动(Remote Center of Motion,RCM)(5R)O C-URR并联机构,具有部分运动解耦特性。建立机构位置分析模型,推导出机构位置逆解表达式;在此基础上,针对微创手术工作任务,定义机构期望工作空间。应用局部运动/力传递性能评价指标,给出机构期望工作空间内平均传递指标定义及计算方法。以平均传递指标最大化为目标,建立机构尺度参数约束优化模型,并应用加速灰狼优化(Accelerating Grey Wolf Optimization,AGWO)算法求解该问题。数值实例测试显示,AGWO算法求解约束优化问题的综合性能优于对比算法。机构优化设计结果表明,给出的优化模型和算法可行有效。研究结果为该机构的实际应用奠定了理论基础。
文摘基于前列腺癌患者截石位粒子植入手术的可操作空间,提出前列腺癌粒子植入机器人的设计要求;将机器人分为位置调整模块、姿态调整模块、末端植入器3个组成部分.通过杆件尺寸设计实现3自由度位置调整机构的运动解耦,计算其工作空间可满足临床需求;姿态调整模块采用远程运动中心(remote center of motion,RCM)机构,引入平行四边形机构解决运动死点问题;末端植入器采用齿轮齿条机构驱动外针,硬质摩擦槽轮驱动内针,通过弹簧压紧机构提供稳定压紧力并设计大容量粒子弹夹.最后,利用ADAMS进行运动学分析,验证数值计算的准确性;动力学分析验证前列腺癌粒子植入机器人设计的合理可行.
文摘This paper presents an automatic compensation algorithm for needle tip displacement in order to keep the needle tip always fixed at the skin entry point in the process of needle orientation in robot-assisted percutaneous surgery. The algorithm, based on a two-degree-of-freedom （2-DOF） robot wrist （not the mechanically constrained remote center of motion （RCM） mechanism） and a 3-DOF robot ann, firstly calculates the needle tip displacement caused by rotational motion of robot wrist in the arm coordinate frame using the robotic forward kinematics, and then inversely compensates for the needle tip displace- ment by real-time Cartesian motion of robot arm. The algorithm achieves the function of the RCM and eliminates many mechanical and virtual constraints caused by the RCM mechanism. Experimental result demonstrates that the needle tip displacement is within 1 inm in the process of needle orientation.
