It is difficult to control the degree of ischemic postconditioning in the brain and other isch- emia-sensitive organs. Remote ischemic postconditioning could protect some ischemia-sensitive organs through measures on ...It is difficult to control the degree of ischemic postconditioning in the brain and other isch- emia-sensitive organs. Remote ischemic postconditioning could protect some ischemia-sensitive organs through measures on terminal organs. In this study, a focal cerebral ischemia-reperftlsion injury model was established using three cycles of remote ischernic postconditioning, each cycle consisted of 10-minute occlusion of the femoral artery and 10-minute opening. The results showed that, remote ischemic postconditioning significantly decreased the percentage of the in- farct area and attenuated brain edema. In addition, inflammatory nuclear factor-KB expression was significantly lower, while anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression was significantly elevated in the ce- rebral cortex on the ischemic side. Our findings indicate that remote ischemic postconditioning attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and that the neuroprotective mechanism is mediated by an anti-apoptotic effect and reduction of the inflammatory response.展开更多
Integrity of the blood-brain barrier structure is essential for maintaining the internal environment of the brain.Development of cerebral infarction and brain edema is strongly associated with blood-brain barrier leak...Integrity of the blood-brain barrier structure is essential for maintaining the internal environment of the brain.Development of cerebral infarction and brain edema is strongly associated with blood-brain barrier leakage.Therefore,studies have suggested that protecting the blood-brain barrier may be an effective method for treating acute stroke.To examine this possibility,stroke model rats were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.Remote ischemic postconditioning was immediately induced by three cycles of 10-minute ischemia/10-minute reperfusion of bilateral hind limbs at the beginning of middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion.Neurological function of rat models was evaluated using Zea Longa’s method.Permeability of the blood-brain barrier was assessed by Evans blue leakage.Infarct volume and brain edema were evaluated using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and claudin-5 m RNA was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and claudin-5 protein was measured by western blot assay.The number of matrix metalloproteinase-9-and claudin-5-positive cells was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.Our results showed that remote ischemic postconditioning alleviated disruption of the blood-brain barrier,reduced infarct volume and edema,decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 m RNA and protein and the number of positive cells,increased expression of claudin-5 m RNA and protein and the number of positive cells,and remarkably improved neurological function.These findings confirm that by suppressing expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and claudin-5 induced by acute ischemia/reperfusion,remote ischemic postconditioning reduces blood-brain barrier injury,mitigates ischemic injury,and exerts protective effects on the brain.展开更多
Background：Remote ischemic postconditioning （RIPostC） appears to protect distant organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury （IRI）. However, cerebral protection results have remained inconclusive. In the present stud...Background：Remote ischemic postconditioning （RIPostC） appears to protect distant organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury （IRI）. However, cerebral protection results have remained inconclusive. In the present study, a meta-analysis was performed to compare stroke patients with and without RIPostC.Methods：CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to July 2016. Data were analyzed using both fixed-effects and random-effects models by Review Manager. For each outcome, risk ratio （RR） and mean difference （MD） with 95% confidence interval （CI） were calculated.Results：A total of 13 randomized controlled trials that enrolled a total of 794 study participants who suffered from or are at risk for brain IRI were selected. Compared with controls, RIPostC significantly reduced the recurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attacks （RR = 0.37; 95% CI： 0.26–0.55; P 〈 0.00001）. Moreover, it can reduce the levels of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score （MD： 1.96; 95% CI： 2.18–1.75; P 〈 0.00001）, modified Rankin Scale score （MD： 0.73; 95% CI： 1.20–0.25; P = 0.00300）, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （MD： 4.17; 95% CI： 4.71–3.62; P 〈 0.00001） between the two groups. There was no side effect of RIPostC using tourniquet cuff around the limb on ischemic stroke treating based on different intervention duration.Conclusion：The present meta-analysis suggests that RIPostC might offer cerebral protection for stroke patients suffering from or are at risk of brain IRI.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation(Joint Fund)of Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Department,No.2013022021
文摘It is difficult to control the degree of ischemic postconditioning in the brain and other isch- emia-sensitive organs. Remote ischemic postconditioning could protect some ischemia-sensitive organs through measures on terminal organs. In this study, a focal cerebral ischemia-reperftlsion injury model was established using three cycles of remote ischernic postconditioning, each cycle consisted of 10-minute occlusion of the femoral artery and 10-minute opening. The results showed that, remote ischemic postconditioning significantly decreased the percentage of the in- farct area and attenuated brain edema. In addition, inflammatory nuclear factor-KB expression was significantly lower, while anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression was significantly elevated in the ce- rebral cortex on the ischemic side. Our findings indicate that remote ischemic postconditioning attenuates focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and that the neuroprotective mechanism is mediated by an anti-apoptotic effect and reduction of the inflammatory response.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30960107the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Sichuan Province of China,No.14ZA0223
文摘Integrity of the blood-brain barrier structure is essential for maintaining the internal environment of the brain.Development of cerebral infarction and brain edema is strongly associated with blood-brain barrier leakage.Therefore,studies have suggested that protecting the blood-brain barrier may be an effective method for treating acute stroke.To examine this possibility,stroke model rats were established by middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.Remote ischemic postconditioning was immediately induced by three cycles of 10-minute ischemia/10-minute reperfusion of bilateral hind limbs at the beginning of middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion.Neurological function of rat models was evaluated using Zea Longa’s method.Permeability of the blood-brain barrier was assessed by Evans blue leakage.Infarct volume and brain edema were evaluated using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and claudin-5 m RNA was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and claudin-5 protein was measured by western blot assay.The number of matrix metalloproteinase-9-and claudin-5-positive cells was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.Our results showed that remote ischemic postconditioning alleviated disruption of the blood-brain barrier,reduced infarct volume and edema,decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 m RNA and protein and the number of positive cells,increased expression of claudin-5 m RNA and protein and the number of positive cells,and remarkably improved neurological function.These findings confirm that by suppressing expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and claudin-5 induced by acute ischemia/reperfusion,remote ischemic postconditioning reduces blood-brain barrier injury,mitigates ischemic injury,and exerts protective effects on the brain.
文摘Background：Remote ischemic postconditioning （RIPostC） appears to protect distant organs from ischemia-reperfusion injury （IRI）. However, cerebral protection results have remained inconclusive. In the present study, a meta-analysis was performed to compare stroke patients with and without RIPostC.Methods：CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to July 2016. Data were analyzed using both fixed-effects and random-effects models by Review Manager. For each outcome, risk ratio （RR） and mean difference （MD） with 95% confidence interval （CI） were calculated.Results：A total of 13 randomized controlled trials that enrolled a total of 794 study participants who suffered from or are at risk for brain IRI were selected. Compared with controls, RIPostC significantly reduced the recurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attacks （RR = 0.37; 95% CI： 0.26–0.55; P 〈 0.00001）. Moreover, it can reduce the levels of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score （MD： 1.96; 95% CI： 2.18–1.75; P 〈 0.00001）, modified Rankin Scale score （MD： 0.73; 95% CI： 1.20–0.25; P = 0.00300）, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （MD： 4.17; 95% CI： 4.71–3.62; P 〈 0.00001） between the two groups. There was no side effect of RIPostC using tourniquet cuff around the limb on ischemic stroke treating based on different intervention duration.Conclusion：The present meta-analysis suggests that RIPostC might offer cerebral protection for stroke patients suffering from or are at risk of brain IRI.
