COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASONOGRAPHY APPEARANCES OF RENAL VEIN THROMBOSIS AND ITS DIAGNOSTIC VALUE

Objective To evaluate color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) appearances of renal vein thrombosis (RVT) and its diagnostic value.Methods Ten patients with RVT were analyzed retrospectively. Renal structure, distributions of intrarenal flow signals, echogenicity, and flow fullness in main renal veins were observed with CDU. Resistance index (RI) was recorded from the waveforms of segmental or interlobar renal artery.Results Ten kidneys in nine patients were confirmed to have thrombus within the main renal veins, and one patient was confirmed to have thrombus within the small intrarenal veins. The appearances of the main renal vein thrombosis included full of solid echogenicity or strip echogenicity and complete or partial filling defect within the main renal veins, and absent or a few intrarenal venous flow signals in 70% of kidneys involved. The appearances of intrarenal vein thrombosis included obscure renal structure and no venous flow signal within the involved part of the kidneys. Reverse diastolic flow in the intrarenal artery had only a sensitivity of 36% (4/11); in other 7 kidneys without intrarenal arterial reverse diastolic flow, increased RI (mean, 0.84; range, 0.74-0.96) was found.Conclusion CDU is helpful for rapid clinical diagnosis and follow-up of RVT, and therefore can be the first imaging modality of choice for RVT.

Postoperative complications in patients with portal vein thrombosis after liver transplantation:Evaluation with Doppler ultrasonography

AIM： To study the postoperative complications in patients with preoperative portal vein thrombosis （PVT） undergoing liver transplantation （LT） and to evaluate the complications with Doppler ultrasonography.METHODS： Retrospective studies were performed on 284 patients undergoing LT （286 LT） with respect to pre- and postoperative clinical data and Doppler ultrasonography. According to the presence and grade of preoperative PVT, 286 LTs were divided into three groups： complete PVT （c-PVT）, partial PVT （p-PVT） and non-PVT, with 22, 30 and 234 LTs, respectively. Analyses were carried out to compare the incidence of early postoperative complications.RESULTS： PVT, inferior vena cava （IVC） thrombosis, hepatic artery thrombosis （HAT） and biliary complications were found postoperatively. All complications were detected by routine Doppler ultrasonography and diagnoses made by ultrasound were confirmed by clinical data or/and other imaging studies. Nine out of 286 LTs had postoperative PVT. The incidence of the c-Pv-r group was 22.7%, which was higher than that of the p-Pv-r group （3.3%, P 〈 0.05） and non- PVT group （1.3%, P 〈 0.005）. No difference was found between the p-PVT and non-PVT groups （P 〉 0.25）. Of the 9 cases with postoperative PVT, recanalizations were achieved in 7 cases after anticoagulation under the guidance of ultrasound, 1 case received portal vein thrombectomy and 1 case died of acute injection. Ten LTs had postoperative 1VC thrombosis. The c-PVT group had a higher incidence of IVC thrombosis than the non- PVT group （9.1% vs 2.6%, P 〈 0.05）; no significant difference was found between either the c-PV-T and p-PVT groups （9.1% vs 6.7%, P 〉 0.5） or between the p-PVT and non-PVT groups （P 〉 0.25）. Nine cases with IVC thrombosis were cured by anticoagulation under the guidance of ultrasound, and 1 case gained natural cure without any medical treatment after 2 mo. HAT was found in 2 non-PVT cases, giving a rate of 0.7% among 286 LTs. Biliary complications were seen in 12 LTs. The incidence of biliary complications in the c-PVT, p-PVT and non-PVT groups was 9.1%, 3.3% and 4.3%, respectively （P 〉 0.25 for all）, among which 2 stenosis led retransplantations and others were controlled by relative therapy.CONCLUSION： C-PVT patients tend to have a higher incidence of PVT and IVC thrombosis than non- PVT patients after LT. The incidence of postoperative complications in p-PVT patients does not differ from that of non-PVT patients, A relatively low incidence of HAT was seen in our study, Doppler ultrasonography is a convenient and efficient method for detecting posttransplant complications and plays an important role in guiding treatment.

An anomaly in persistent right umbilical vein of portal vein diagnosed by ultrasonography

AIM: To detect the anomaly in the persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) of portal vein (PV) with deviation of the ligamentum tere and left-sided gallbladder. METHODS: A total of 5783 candidates for routine analysis were evaluated for hepatic vascular abnormalities by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Ten candidates (0.17%) had a portal vein anomaly with a rightward-deviated ligamentum tere. The blood-flow velocity in the PRUV of the portal vein (17.7±3.0 cm/s) of the 10 cases was similar to that of the right anterior portal trunk (17.6±4.1 cm/s). However, the vessel diameter of the PRUV (φ12.4±4.4 mm) was larger than the right anterior portal trunk (φ6.1?.9 mm). Therefore, flow volume in the anomalous portion (0.97±0.30 L/min) was more than that in the right anterior portal trunk (0.18±0.05 L/min). CONCLUSION: The anomaly plays an important role in intra-hepatic PV flow.

Eltrombopag-related renal vein thromboembolism in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia: A case report

BACKGROUND Eltrombopag is an orally administered thrombopoietin receptor agonist linked to a heightened risk of treatment-related thromboembolism.Both venous and arterial thromboses have been documented in the medical literature.CASE SUMMARY In the absence of nephropathy,a 48-year-old patient receiving eltrombopag for immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)developed renal vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.The renal vein thrombus spontaneously resolved during subsequent anticoagulant treatment,restoring venous circulation.CONCLUSION A rapid upsurge in platelets,rather than their absolute number,may trigger thrombotic events in this setting.For patients at high thrombotic risk,individualized eltrombopag dosing and vigilance in platelet monitoring are perhaps needed during treatment of ITP.

Hemodynamics in the portal vein evaluated by pulse wave Doppler ultrasonography in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon

AIM: To employ pulse wave Doppler ultrasonography to evaluate the changes in portal blood flow velocity in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) receiving interferon (IFN) treatment. METHODS: The subjects in this study were 14 patients (13 men and l woman) with CHC who received IFN treatment. Portal blood flow velocity was measured in the vessels at the porta hepatis at four time points: before IFN administration (pre-IFN), 2 wk after the start of administration (wk 2), 24 wk after the start of administration (wk 24, i.e., the end of IFN administration), and 24 wk after the end of administration (wk 48). RESULTS: The patients with CHC in whom IFN treatment resulted in complete elimination or effective elimination of viruses showed a significant increase in portal blood flow velocity at the end of IFN treatment compared with that before IFN treatment. In contrast, when IFN was ineffective, no significant increase in portal blood flow velocity was observed at wk 24 or 48 compared with the pre-IFN value. In addition, the patients with CHC in whom IFN was ineffective showed significantly lower portal blood flow velocity values than control subjects at all measurement time points. CONCLUSION: Pulse wave Doppler ultrasonography is a noninvasive and easily performed method for evaluating the effects of IFN treatment in patients with CHC. This technique is useful for measuring portal blood flow velocity before and 24 wk after IFN administration in order to evaluate the changes over time, thus assessing the effectiveness of IFN treatment.

Pitfalls and sources of error of color duplex ultrasonography in detecting deep vein thrombosis of proximal lower extremities

Purpose To analyze the sources of errors and discuss the techniques to eliminate pitfalls in detecting deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the proximal lower extremities with color duplex ultrasonography (CDUS). Methods Sixty-eight cases with initial and repeat venous CDUS of the proximal lower extremities were retrospectively reviewed. The repeat was done within 24 hours after initial CDUS scanning. Comparing repeated images to initial ones, the pitfalls and sources of error in CDUS of the proximal lower extremities were discussed. Results In total 68 repeat studies, there were 62 results as same as initials and 4 cases of false negative DVT and 2 cases of false positive DVT. Conclusion Venous CDUS in detecting DVT is observer dependent. Some pitfalls and errors can be eliminated and corrected with proper scan techniques. CDUS is the most valuable imaging modality for assessing suspected DVT in the proximal lower extremities.

Clinical impact of portal vein pulsatility on the prognosis of hospitalized patients with acute heart failure

BACKGROUND Heart failure(HF)causes extracardiac organ congestion,including in the hepatic portal system.Reducing venous congestion is essential for HF treatment,but evaluating venous congestion is sometimes difficult in patients with chronic HF.The portal vein(PV)flow pattern can be influenced by right atrial pressure.Ultrasound images of the PV are quite easy to obtain and are reproducible among sonographers.However,the association between PV pulsatility and the condition of HF remains unclear.We hypothesize that PV pulsatility at discharge reflects the condition of HF.AIM To evaluate the usefulness of PV pulsatility as a prognostic marker for hospit-alized patients with acute HF.METHODS This observational study was conducted from April 2016 to January 2017 and April 2018 to April 2019 at Shinko Hospital.We enrolled 56 patients with acute HF,and 17 patients without HF served as controls.PV flow velocity was mea-sured by ultrasonography on admission and at discharge.We calculated the PV pulsatility ratio(PVPR)as the ratio of the difference between the peak and minimum velocity to the peak velocity.The primary endpoint was cardiac death and HF re-hospitalization.The observation period was 1 year from the first hospitalization.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine the stratified composite event-free rates,and the log-rank test was used for comparisons between groups.RESULTS On admission,the PVPR was significantly higher in patients with acute HF than controls(HF:0.29±0.20 vs controls:0.08±0.07,P<0.01).However,the PVPR was significantly decreased after the improvement in HF(admission:0.29±0.20 vs discharge:0.18±0.15,P<0.01)due to the increase in minimum velocity(admission:12.6±4.5 vs discharge:14.6±4.6 cm/s,P=0.03).To elucidate the association between the PVPR and cardiovascular outcomes,the patients were divided into three groups according to the PVPR tertile at discharge(PVPR-T1:0≤PVPR≤0.08,PVPR-T2:0.08<PVPR≤0.21,PVPR-T3:PVPR>0.21).The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with a higher PVPR at discharge had the worst prognosis among the groups.CONCLUSION PVPR at discharge reflects the condition of HF.It is also a novel prognostic marker for hospitalized patients with acute HF.

Comprehensive treatment for primary right renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a renal vein tumor thrombus:A case report

BACKGROUND Renal involvement in lymphoma is commonly associated with widespread nodal or extranodal lymphoma.Primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is an extremely rare extranodal lymphoma,accounting for fewer than 1%of all renal masses.Interestingly,the patient in this study had a renal vein tumor thrombus that was observed after laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 56-year-old female patient with primary renal lymphoma and a renal vein tumor thrombus whose first symptom was right pain in the back and gross hematuria.Histopathology revealed primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.The patient received 8 standard cycles of rituximab with cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin,vincristine,and prednisone chemotherapy after surgery,and no obvious signs of recurrence were observed during the one-year follow-up.CONCLUSION We evaluated comprehensive treatment of primary renal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and multidisciplinary management of this malignancy.

Variations in the bifurcation level of the abdominal aorta, formation level of the inferior vena cava, and insertion level of the left renal vein into the inferior vena cava and their clinical importance in laparoscopic surgery

Objective: It is important to minimize the risk of major vascular injury during pneumoperitoneumestablishment in laparoscopic surgeries for patients with unusual variations in the levels of theabdominal aorta, the inferior vena cava (IVC), and the left renal vein, which will decrease the morbidityand mortality. The study aims to assess the variations regarding the bifurcation level of the abdominalaorta, formation level of the IVC, and insertion level of the left renal vein into the IVC.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) referred tothe Department of Radiology, Jordan University Hospital for abdomino-pelvic CT with intra-venouscontrast from January 2018 to December 2019. The three vessels were determined on the axial plane,the coronal plane, and the midsagittal plane. The central vertebral body height as well as the distance ofthe level of the point of interest to the upper end plate of the vertebrae were measured. Afterwards, theresults were classified into the following categories, upper end plate, lower end plate, intervertebral disc,upper half, and lower half of the vertebra.Results: The aortic bifurcation was mainly found at the level of the L4 vertebral body (65, 65%). In theremaining cases, the bifurcation was found to be variably located spanning from L3 in 11 (11%) cases to3 (3%) cases at L5. As for the iliocaval junction, the most common site was also at the level of L4 with41 (41%) cases followed by 39 (39%) cases at the level of L5, and 20 (20%) cases at the intervertebral discof L4/L5. The left renal vein most commonly joined the IVC at the level of L1 with 62 (62%) cases followedby 20 (20%) cases at the intervertebral disc T12/L1. There was wide variation in its entry to the IVCspanning from 4 (4%) cases at T12/L1 to 1 (1%) case at L4.Conclusion: The anatomical variation of the major vessels can be found in the normal population.Therefore, sufficient investigation of the anatomical position of these vessels is essential for patientsbefore laparoscopic surgery.

Radiation induced renal arterial stenosis detected by color duplex ultrasonography: case report

Renal artery stenosis as a complication from radiation therapy is not common, but it is life threatening and needs to be corrected urgently in order to prevent renal failure even losing kidney. The diagnostic criteria of renal artery stenosis in the adults by color duplex ultrasonography have been established, which may play an important role in screening radiation induced renal artery stenosis.

Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) around renal vein

Objective To study and evaluate the treatment of the deep vein thrombosis(DVT) around the renal vein(DVT involving the renal vein and it's surrounding,shortly as DVTAR in our study)by two-positioned filter for catheter thrombectomy assisted with a Fogarty balloon.Methods We retrospectivly analysed seven cases of DVTAR and by comparison to elicit the respective effect different methods in DVT treatment.The methods used were:1.direct thrombectomy 2.thrombectomy facillitated by blocking of blood flow with a balloon 3.direct thrombolysis via Peripheral vein and 4.thrombectomy with simultaneous placement of a two-positioned filter with a Fogarty balloon and followed by intubation thrombolysis.Result Segmental pulmonary embolism(PE)or thrombosis in vena cava were still observed by CT angiography(CTA)or venography in those cases treated with the first three methods.As for the 3 cases where two-positioned filter for catheter thrombectomy with Fogarty balloon was used,neither pulmonary embolism during and after the operation nor thrombosis in the inferior vena cava was observed.Conclusion For DVTAR,thrombectomy with simultaneous placement of a two-positioned filter with a Fogarty balloon and followed by intubation thrombolysis can be regarded as safe and effective.

A Rare Anomaly of the Left Renal Vein in the Laboratory of Anatomy of Bamako(Mali)

Aim: The purpose of this work was to describe the left renal retro-aortic vein. Methodology: A case of left renal retro-aortic vein was discovered on a corpse of male, 45-year-old adult during the dissections to the laboratory of anatomy of the Faculty of Medicine of Bamako. The way at first was a xypho-pubic median and two side abdominal sections under costal and inguinal. The side sections under costal went of the median section to sides by following the costal edge. The inguinal side sections went of the median section to the anterior and superior iliac thorns. The abdominal wall was opened and reclined by every quoted. The small intestine and the colonist were resected with their meso. The renal pedicle was dissected on each side. The abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava were dissected by the diaphragm up to the headland. Arteries and iliac veins were also dissected. Results: On male corpse, 45 years old, we discovered a left renal retro-aortic vein in horizontal route, and the trunk of the left renal vein was formed by the confluence of three veins at the level of the left renal hilum. The left renal vein passed almost horizontally below the left renal artery. It passed then behind the abdominal aorta to end in the inferior vena cava at the level of its left side face. The right renal vein had a normal aspect. Conclusion: The left renal retro-aortic vein is one of the variants of the anomalies of the system cellar inferior. The left renal retro-aortic vein could be responsible for renal aplasia.

Renal granuloma misdiagnosed as renal papillary carcinoma: a case report

The imaging appearance of renal granuloma is very similar to that of a renal tumor.Granulomatous lesions usually do not require surgical treatment,while kidney tumors typically necessitate surgical removal.The diagnosis of renal granuloma typically relies on the history of bacillus Calmette-Guérin perfusion and the position of the renal pelvis in the image(malignant tumors usually destroy or compress the surrounding renal pelvis).However,in this case,the patient has no history of bacillus Calmette-Guérin perfusion,making the diagnosis more challenging.The ultrasound and enhanced CT findings were consistent with renal papillary carcinoma.Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy was performed,revealing degeneration and necrosis of the renal cortex and formation of granulomas.The imaging diagnosis of renal granuloma is difficult.Ultrasound-guided biopsy may be a preferable method to avoid unnecessary surgery.

Xp11.2易位/TFE3基因融合相关性肾细胞癌的超声表现

目的探讨Xp11.2易位/TFE3基因融合相关性肾细胞癌(Xp11.2/TFE3-tRCC)的超声表现。资料与方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院2009年4月—2022年2月手术经病理证实Xp11.2/TFE3-tRCC的10例患者,收集其超声图像及临床资料。观察肿块的边界、形态、内部回声、血流信号情况及超声造影表现等。结果共纳入10例肿块,其中4例行超声造影。Xp11.2/TFE3-tRCC的超声表现呈多样性及多变性,肿块好发于髓质(5例)。常规超声上6例表现为类似良性病灶的边界较清楚、形态较规则的实性结节,彩色多普勒显示5例为点状血流信号。超声造影上则更倾向于恶性肿块(3例),具体表现为不均匀强化,多伴有周边不均匀增强环。结论Xp11.2/TFE3-tRCC的常规超声表现多倾向良性,而超声造影则表现为恶性病灶,因此超声造影可作为诊断可疑Xp11.2/TFE3-tRCC的潜在方法。

超声预测慢性肾脏病患者肾功能减低的临床价值

目的探讨超声预测慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者肾功能减低的临床价值。方法选取经我院确诊的CKD住院患者252例,根据临床CKD分期分为CKD轻度减低组(G1~2期,83例)和CKD中度及以上减低组(G3~5期,169例)。收集两组临床资料和实验室指标;应用二维超声获得肾脏长度、实质厚度及其回声强度分级,多普勒超声检测肾内动脉阻力指数(RI),并进行超声CKD评分,比较两组上述参数的差异。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析筛选超声参数中预测CKD患者肾功能轻度和重度减低的独立影响因素;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析超声参数预测CKD患者肾功能轻度和重度减低的诊断效能。结果两组年龄、高血压病、冠心病、估计肾小球滤过率、血尿素氮、血肌酐,以及肾脏长度、实质厚度、实质回声强度分级、超声CKD评分、肾动脉RI比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,肾脏长度、实质厚度、实质回声强度分级、超声CKD评分、肾动脉RI均为预测CKD患者肾功能轻度和重度减低的影响因素(均P<0.0001)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,肾脏长度、实质回声强度分级均为预测CKD患者肾功能轻度减低的影响因素(均P<0.05);实质厚度、肾动脉RI分级均为预测CKD患者肾功能重度减低的影响因素(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,肾脏长度、实质厚度、实质回声强度分级、超声CKD评分、肾动脉RI联合应用预测CKD患者肾功能轻度和重度减低的AUC分别为0.867、0.847,均高于各参数单独应用,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论应用超声可以有效预测CKD患者肾功能轻度和重度减低,有一定的临床价值。

多模态超声诊断肝内门静脉-肝静脉瘘

肝内外血管异常多为胚胎发育第4~6周门静脉系统与下腔静脉、肝静脉或肝动脉等形成异常交通所致。门静脉畸形包括肝动脉-门静脉瘘、肝内门静脉-肝静脉瘘、门静脉狭窄等,其中肝内门静脉-肝静脉瘘罕见,其临床表现隐匿,患者常因其他原因接受影像学检查而检出^([1-2])。目前影像学多采用Park分型评价肝内门静脉-肝静脉瘘。

多排螺旋CT对胡桃夹综合征和胡桃夹现象的诊断价值

目的探讨多排螺旋CT(MDCT)对胡桃夹综合征(NCS)和胡桃夹现象(NCP)的诊断价值。方法纳入2018年1月至2024年6月本院患者22例,其中NCS患者13例,NCP患者9例。评价CT平扫图像肠系膜上动脉(SMA)、左肾静脉(LRV)的可见性。在CT增强重建图像上测量主动脉SMA夹角(AMA)、LRV近段最宽处前后径(D1)、经AMA处前后径(D2)并计算D1/D2比值。结果成人SMA、LRV在MDCT平扫图像上可见性较好。NCS组AMA、D1、D2、D1/D2分别为15.14°±3.54°,(11.00±2.38)mm,(2.76±0.43)mm,4.08±1.19;NCP组分别为22.42°±4.97°,(10.55±1.66)mm,(4.00±0.70)mm,2.70±0.53。两组AMA、D2、D1/D2存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论MDCT平扫可以提示或排除NCP、NCS的诊断。MDCT增强成像可以全面评估腹部血管形态和LRV侧支循环,结合临床可确诊NCS。

基于临床、超声特征及影像组学构建机器学习模型预测慢性肾脏病患者肾功能损伤程度

目的 观察基于临床、超声特征及影像组学构建机器学习(ML)模型预测慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者肾功能损伤程度的价值。方法 回顾性分析199例CKD患者资料,以9∶1比例将其分为训练集(n=179)及验证集(n=20),根据估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)划分轻中度或重度肾功能损伤。采用多因素logistic回归分析训练集临床及超声特征,筛选CKD患者肾功能损伤程度的独立预测因素,分别基于支持向量机(SVM)、极致梯度提升(XGBoost)及逻辑回归(LR)算法构建临床-超声模型、影像组学模型及联合模型;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估各模型预测CKD患者肾功能损伤程度的效能。结果 肾脏长径为CKD患者肾功能损伤的独立预测因素(P<0.05)。以不同算法所获模型中,以SVM算法所获临床-超声模型、影像组学模型及联合模型预测肾功能损伤的效能最高;训练集中,以SVM算法所获临床-超声模型的敏感度、特异度、准确率及AUC分别为81.93%,62.50%,71.51%及0.722,影像组学模型分别为89.16%,70.83%,79.33%及0.800,联合模型分别为84.34%,80.21%,82.12%及0.822;验证集中,以SVM算法所获临床-超声模型的敏感度、特异度、准确率及AUC分别为75.00%、66.67%、70.00%及0.708,影像组学模型分别为75.00%、58.33%、65.00%及0.667,联合模型分别为87.50%、75.00%、80.00%及0.812。结论 基于超声特征联合影像组学构建的ML模型可有效预测CKD患者肾功能损伤程度;利用SVM算法获得的联合模型具有最佳效能。

血管内超声辅助腔内治疗肾动脉狭窄

目的观察血管内超声(IVUS)辅助腔内治疗肾动脉狭窄(RAS)的价值。方法回顾性分析30例接受腔内治疗的RAS患者,比较治疗前CT血管造影(CTA)及IVUS所测狭窄段肾动脉管腔及斑块参数,采用Bland-Altman图评估CTA与IVUS评估管腔截面积狭窄率及斑块偏心指数的一致性;记录植入球囊扩张覆膜支架后即刻IVUS所测支架相关参数。结果治疗前IVUS所测最小管腔直径、管腔截面积狭窄率及狭窄段长度均大于,而最大管腔直径及管腔偏心指数均小于CTA测值(P均<0.05);IVUS与CTA所测斑块偏心指数、斑块类型及狭窄远端重构差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。IVUS与CTA评估管腔截面积狭窄率及斑块偏心指数的平均差值分别为-0.020(-0.096,0.050)及-0.020(-0.130,0.091),二者评估斑块偏心指数的一致性优于管腔截面积狭窄率。支架植入后即刻IVUS所测支架对称性、支架偏心指数、支架扩张系数及狭窄覆盖率分别为(82.69±14.61)%、(1.54±9.16)%、(99.81±10.70)%及100%。30例中,2例(2/30,6.67%)因IVUS显示支架近端贴壁欠佳而接受后扩张。结论IVUS可辅助评估狭窄段肾动脉管腔及斑块参数、指导释放支架并实时监测腔内治疗RAS效果。

彩色多普勒超声联合B-Flow在尿毒症血液透析患者自体动静脉内瘘功能评估中的应用价值

目的:探讨尿毒症血液透析患者采用彩色多普勒超声(CDUS)联合二维灰阶血流成像技术(B-Flow)对自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)功能进行评估的效果。方法:选取2018年10月—2023年1月在我院接受治疗的尿毒症患者240例,根据术后8周内瘘成熟情况分为成熟组(178例)和不成熟组(62例)。以数字减影血管造影为金标准,所有患者均给予CDUS联合B-Flow检查。分析术前、术后2、4、8周的血流动力学指标,AVF狭窄及狭窄部位,比较成熟组和不成熟组血流动力学指标。结果:术后8周,头静脉管径(CVD)、桡动脉管径(RAD)、肱动脉血流量(BAF)、桡动脉血流量(RAF)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)均高于术前、术后2、4周,术后4周高于术前、术后2周,术后2周高于术前;阻力指数(RI)均低于术后2、4周,术后4周低于术后2周;术后2、4、8周,肱动脉管径(BAD)高于术前(P<0.05)。数字减影血管造影与CDUS联合B-Flow分别检出270及261处狭窄,均集中在头静脉远心段及吻合口。成熟组RAD、CVD、RAF、BAF、PSV、EDV均高于不成熟组;RI均低于不成熟组(P<0.05)。结论:CDUS联合B-Flow可对尿毒症血液透析患者AVF狭窄进行有效监测,有效评估AVF功能是否成熟。