New roles of research data infrastructure in research paradigm evolution

Research data infrastructures form the cornerstone in both cyber and physical spaces,driving the progression of the data-intensive scientific research paradigm.This opinion paper presents an overview of global research data infrastructure,drawing insights from national roadmaps and strategic documents related to research data infrastructure.It emphasizes the pivotal role of research data infrastructures by delineating four new missions aimed at positioning them at the core of the current scientific research and communication ecosystem.The four new missions of research data infrastructures are:(1)as a pioneer,to transcend the disciplinary border and address complex,cutting-edge scientific and social challenges with problem-and data-oriented insights;(2)as an architect,to establish a digital,intelligent,flexible research and knowledge services environment;(3)as a platform,to foster the high-end academic communication;(4)as a coordinator,to balance scientific openness with ethics needs.

Research Data Management Implementation at Peking University Library:Foster and Promote Open Science and Open Data

Research Data Management(RDM)has become increasingly important for more and more academic institutions.Using the Peking University Open Research Data Repository(PKU-ORDR)project as an example,this paper will review a library-based university-wide open research data repository project and related RDM services implementation process including project kickoff,needs assessment,partnerships establishment,software investigation and selection,software customization,as well as data curation services and training.Through the review,some issues revealed during the stages of the implementation process are also discussed and addressed in the paper such as awareness of research data,demands from data providers and users,data policies and requirements from home institution,requirements from funding agencies and publishers,the collaboration between administrative units and libraries,and concerns from data providers and users.The significance of the study is that the paper shows an example of creating an Open Data repository and RDM services for other Chinese academic libraries planning to implement their RDM services for their home institutions.The authors of the paper have also observed since the PKU-ORDR and RDM services implemented in 2015,the Peking University Library(PKUL)has helped numerous researchers to support the entire research life cycle and enhanced Open Science(OS)practices on campus,as well as impacted the national OS movement in China through various national events and activities hosted by the PKUL.

An Analysis of Crosswalks from Research Data Schemas to Schema.org

The increased number of data repositories has greatly increased the availability of open data.To enable broad discovery and access to research dataset,some data repositories have begun leveraging the web architecture by embedding structured metadata markup in dataset web landing pages using vocabularies from Schema.org and extensions.This paper aims to examine metadata interoperability for supporting global data discovery.Specifically,the paper reports a survey on which metadata schema has been adopted by participating data repositories,and presents an analysis of crosswalks from fourteen research data schemas to Schema.org.The analysis indicates most descriptive metadata are interoperable among the schemas,the most inconsistent mapping is the rights metadata,and a large gap exists in the structural metadata and controlled vocabularies to specify various property values.The analysis and collated crosswalks can serve as a reference for data repositories when they develop crosswalks from their own schemas to Schema.org,and provide the research data community a benchmark of structured metadata implementation.

A Workflow Demonstrator for Processing Catalysis Research Data

The UK Catalysis Hub(UKCH)is designing a virtual research environment to support data processing and analysis,the Catalysis Research Workbench(CRW).The development of this platform requires identifying the processing and analysis needs of the UKCH members and mapping them to potential solutions.This paper presents a proposal for a demonstrator to analyse the use of scientific workflows for large scale data processing.The demonstrator provides a concrete target to promote further discussion of the processing and analysis needs of the UKCH community.In this paper,we will discuss the main requirements for data processing elicited and the proposed adaptations that will be incorporated in the design of the CRW and how to integrate the proposed solutions with existing practices of the UKCH.The demonstrator has been used in discussion with researchers and in presentations to the UKCH community,generating increased interest and motivating furtherdevelopment.

On the Complexities of Federating Research Data Infrastructures

Federated Research Data Infrastructures aim to provide seamless access to research data along with services to facilitate the researchers in performing their data management tasks.During our research on Open Science(OS),we have built cross-disciplinary federated infrastructures for different types of(open)digital resources:Open Data(OD),Open Educational Resources(OER),and open access documents.In each case,our approach targeted only the resource“metadata”.Based on this experience,we identified some challenges that we had to overcome again and again:lack of(i)harvesters,(ii)common metadata models and(iii)metadata mapping tools.In this paper,we report on the challenges we faced in the federated infrastructure projects we were involved with.We structure the report based on the three challenges listed above.

基于re3data的中英科学数据仓储平台对比研究

以re3data为数据获取源,选取中英两国406个科学数据仓储为研究对象,从分布特征、责任类型、仓储许可、技术标准及质量标准等5个方面、11个指标对两国科学数据仓储的建设情况进行对比分析,试图为我国数据仓储的可持续发展提出建议:广泛联结国内外异质机构,推进多学科领域的交流与合作,有效扩充仓储许可权限与类型,优化技术标准的应用现况,提高元数据使用的灵活性。

Construction of databases:advances and significance in clinical research

Widely used in clinical research, the database is a new type of data management automation technology and the most efficient tool for data management. In this article, we first explain some basic concepts, such as the definition, classification, and establishment of databases. Afterward, the workflow for establishing databases, inputting data, verifying data, and managing databases is presented. Meanwhile, by discussing the application of databases in clinical research, we illuminate the important role of databases in clinical research practice. Lastly, we introduce the reanalysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and cloud computing techniques, showing the most recent advancements of databases in clinical research.

高校科研数据机构库联盟运行风险及防范对策分析——以荷兰4TU.ResearchData为例

随着科学研究向数据密集型范式发展,科研数据的保存、管理和共享越来越受到重视。荷兰4TU.ResearchData是当前较为成功的高校科研数据机构库联盟案例。文章从风险分析与防范的角度,对其运行风险进行识别与分析,从数据采集、数据组织、数据存储、数据服务以及管理合作五个维度探究其可能存在的风险。在此基础上提出我国高校科研数据机构库联盟运行风险的防范对策,以期为我国未来建立高校科研数据机构库联盟提供参考。

A review on research of real estate big data

The research value and market potentials of "big data" in real estate industry are well acknowledged with the development of technologies. But research in this area is far away from systematic and thorough context. Aiming at this issue, we systematically examined the research outcomes related to real estate big data. It gives a comment to current research status and proposes the future directions in this area from the four aspects, i.e. the hierarchical structuring of real estate "Big Data", integrated implementation, exchange and pricing systems, and the market operation system, in order to assist the researchers for their future works.

An Exploration of the Relationships between Data and Theory in Qualitative Research

This article has explored the relationships between data and theory in qualitative research from an enthnographic perspective. It has also explicated the discovery of theory from data systematically obtained from enthnographic research, the Participant Observation approach based on inductive logic, that is, grounded theory.

Latest data on articles from Neural Regeneration Research (NRR) indexed by SCI,Chemical Abstracts (CA) and Excerpta Medica (EM)

NRR retrieved articles indexed by SCI, CA and EM at the beginning of March, 2008. The most recent data are as follows：

A Data-Driven Research of Sales and Purchases on JD.com Platform

Unlike consumers in the mall or supermarkets, online consumers are “intangible” and their purchasing behaviors are affected by multiple factors, including product pricing, promotion and discounts, quality of products and brands, and the platforms where they search for the product. In this research, I study the relationship between product sales and consumer characteristics, the relationship between product sales and product qualities, demand curve analysis, and the search friction effect for different platforms. I utilized data from a randomized field experiment involving more than 400 thousand customers and 30 thousand products on JD.com, one of the world’s largest online retailing platforms. There are two focuses of the research: 1) how different consumer characteristics affect sales;2) how to set price and possible search friction for different channels. I find that JD plus membership, education level and age have no significant relationship with product sales, and higher user level leads to higher sales. Sales are highly skewed, with very high numbers of products sold making up only a small percentage of the total. Consumers living in more industrialized cities have more purchasing power. Women and singles lead to higher spending. Also, the better the product performs, the more it sells. Moderate pricing can increase product sales. Based on the research results of search volume in different channels, it is suggested that it is better to focus on app sales. By knowing the results, producers can adjust target consumers for different products and do target advertisements in order to maximize the sales. Also, an appropriate price for a product is also crucial to a seller. By the way, knowing the search friction of different channels can help producers to rearrange platform layout so that search friction can be reduced and more potential deals may be made.

基于Data Curation的高校图书馆学科化创新服务研究

学科服务成为近几年国内外图书馆界关注的热点,概述了英国和美国4所高校图书馆开展的Data Curation学科服务研究与成功实践活动,探讨了Data Curation对图书馆学科服务模式的创新及其对我国图书馆的启示,以期为我国高校图书馆开展科研数据管理服务提供借鉴和参考。

Mendeley Data平台开放科学数据实践及启示

高效的研究数据集成发现和管理工具推动研究数据的开放共享。本文以Elsevier公司Mendeley Data科研数据管理与共享平台为研究对象,从数据治理流程、集成的开放生态系统、数据存储管理和共享功能方面进行调研,分析、总结该平台开放数据实践中围绕数据标准在流程设计和系统开发方面的优势,为我国高校图书馆、研究型图书馆以及信息服务机构开展开放数据资源建设和研究数据服务提供参考借鉴。

Data One项目及其对我国数据监管工作的启示

文章通过对Data One项目完善的基础架构、强大的工具包、高效的组织架构和分工明确的工作小组的分析与研究,总结出了实施数据监管的关键流程:构建数据监管基础架构、制定数据管理计划、选择元数据标准、规范与统一数据、数据存储与归档,最后借鉴国外诸多的研究对国内的数据监管服务提出了相应的推进策略。

国际Data Curation研究与实践发展综述

通过调研国际主要机构的战略规划,归纳出Data Curation在管理、资源建设、技术基础设施方面存在的主要挑战。针对这些挑战,从战略规划、数据评估与遴选政策、关键技术、审计和认证四个方面全面回顾了国际Data Curation研究、实践的发展情况。并分析图书馆在大数据科研环境下可能参与科研数据保管的领域,为图书馆在Data Curation活动中谋求发展机会。

E-research环境下图书馆员角色重定位及其技能研究

E-research环境下图书馆服务正发生着巨大的变化,而作为图书馆服务的践行者——图书馆员,在图书馆服务中所扮演的角色以及掌握的技能将同样发生重大转变。通过阐释E-research的内涵和特点,以及比较传统环境下与Eresearch环境下图书馆员的基本职能,对E-research环境下图书馆员的角色进行了重新定位,并总结出E-research环境下图书馆员所应具备的技能及其要求,希望以此为导引,塑造出全新面貌的图书馆员,为未来图书馆员的发展提供具体方向。

北美高校图书馆数据监护服务现状与启示——基于《SPEC Kit 354:Data Curation(May 2017)》报告

论文基于对124个成员馆关于数据监护服务的调查,以及研究图书馆协会发布的《SPEC Kit 354: DataCuration (May 2017)》报告,全面展示了北美高校图书馆数据监护的现状及挑战。报告内容涉及员工、学科需求、元数据标准、具体服务内容、未来面对的挑战及代表性案例等。我国高校图书馆尚处于数据监护工作的初级阶段,需要在借鉴国外图书馆实践的基础上,探索出符合国情、馆情的发展道路。

数据赋能的国际图书馆学研究特征与前沿展望——来自Google Dataset的证据

文章以从Google Dataset获取的93个国际图书馆学研究数据集为样本,对其外部特征进行计量与讨论,并遵循元分析法思想、利用文本挖掘工具对其内容特征进行定量和定性分析。研究发现,数据赋能的国际图书馆学形成“现代图书馆事业管理”“LIS教育与信息素养培育”“研究数据管理与共享”“科学计量与替代计量学”“信息与科学技术应用”“开放科学与开放存取”等六大前沿议题;展现出理论与技术融合创新提供了新基础、研究数据管理与共享上升为新焦点、开放科学交流与合作成为发展新趋势等三个研究发展方向。