Renovation of Urban Green Space Based on Regeneration of Historical Place——A Case Study of Jianqiao Historical Block in Hangzhou

The protected historical blocks always fail to undertake some necessary functions of modern cities because they inherit texture and skyline of historical spaces,and also traditional building density,so these blocks lack in popularity and fall into rigid display of folk customs.In view of the contradiction between protection and vitality,this study proposes the concept of"intergrowth between underground space and urban block"on the basis of theoretic researches and construction practices,aims at renovating urban public green spaces by following the principle of regeneration of place,so as to improve and make up modern urban functions of historical blocks,stimulate vitality of the community,provide an effective solution to the development of new cities and renovation of old cities.

New Strategy and Kinetic Energy Regeneration for the Developmen of China’s Urban Agglomeration

The rapid development of modern urban agglomerations has reshaped the territory of China’s economic geography and reconstructed the spatial forms of Chinese cities and regions.Since the reform and opening-up,China’s urban agglomerations have experienced three stages,i.e.spontaneous cultivation,rapid growth,and the super leading role of planning.The gian development area composed of super urban agglomerations is becoming an emerging geographic unit that improves the urban development quality promotes regional integration processes and participates in global industria competition and innovative resource allocations in China.While encountering challenges such as insufficient innovation kinetic energy and implementation difficulties of cross-regional coordination mechanisms,it has also ushered in new opportunities brought about by the shift of the global urban network system focus,the accelerated formation of high-speed rail urban belts,the rise of innovative geographic unit communities,etc.As entering the new era,centering on the high-quality development requirements of urbanization and urban agglomerations,China should establish a new mechanism for more effective coordinated regional development,build an urban pattern of coordinated development of large,medium and small cities and towns with urban agglomerations as the main body,comprehensively enhance the competitiveness of urban agglomerations and regions,and take a steady and innovation-driven road to modernization.

Natural Regeneration of Marker Species of the Tropical Dense Humid Ecosystems in the Loukaya Peri-Urban Forest, Brazzaville-Congo

The study aimed at evaluating the natural regeneration of some characteristic species in the Loukaya peri-urban forest was carried out in Brazzaville, over three surveys of one hectare each. The botanical inventory of the 23 species monitored covers the subjects of 2 ≤ d0.20 < 10 cm and d1.30 ≥ 10 cm. The study shows 1255 individuals of which 68.27% are 2 ≤ d0.20 < 10 cm. While being tropophilic and mesophilic, this ecosystem is pauciflorous and paucispecific. The phytoecological data show that this formation, which is a link in the African dense humid forest, presents values far below those known elsewhere;while being faithful to the forests of the Cataractes Plateau. As for the rate of natural regeneration, this index is greater than or equal to 100 for 69.56% of the taxa. Sarcochores and heliophytes are the taxa that best support this natural regeneration. This high rate of regeneration would be correlated with the high level of anthropization, whose large canopy gaps are accompanied by a flow of light conducive to the installation of seedlings.

Study on Braking Energy Regeneration System for City Bus

Braking of the urban vehicles of public service wastes a large number of engine energy in the condition of starting and stopping frequently. Aiming at the problem, an electro-mechanical braking energy regeneration system was proposed which adopted a high-speed flywheel and a battery to recover the braking energy and achieve the secondary traction for the auxiliary start function. The system strategy was designed and the braking simulation was processed to validate its feasibility. The experiment results show that the system can effectively recover the braking energy, improve the starting performance of the city bus and it can be applied to the engineering.

New and Better Practices for City Regeneration

By failing to incorporate quality and environmental concerns the criteria applied for the territorial and functional development of cities are no longer appropriate.In the on-going search for guidelines and strategic measures,the need for the re-densification and the restoration of a degraded urban fabric has emerged at various levels.If rationally planned,such actions can help reduce the costs inherent in uncontrolled land consumption by favouring a renewed and more effective functional mix.It follows that the recovery and maintenance of the extant heritage and its functional reconversion are part and parcel of the foregoing measures for urban enhancement and requalification.However,in Italy regeneration operations are difficult to implement:they are often promoted but usually fail to materialise.What criteria exist to advance real solutions?To provide incentives for regeneration actions,improve the quality of urban areas and the built environment,and engender a virtuous process in the national economy,new strategies must be defined at the various action levels(planning,design,and building,management).Experts,politicians,administrators and society as a whole must be involved in a much wider process that will lead to regulatory,organizational and associated changes.

Research on Aging in Place Demand Elements in China’s Old City Regeneration

The proportion of the elderly population aged 60 and over in China is rapidly increasing.Although the old city where the elderly live is outdated and there is a safety hazard,most elderly people still hope to spend the rest of their lives in the community where they are located.Completely tearing down and rebuilding old communities is not suitable for old city regeneration projects.Therefore,it is necessary to formulate a regeneration strategy suitable for the community in order to achieve in-situ elderly care.The research is based on AIP(aging in place)concepts and demand projects.After investigating two elderly people who have lived in the Ruhe community for a long time,through analyzing their pain points and combining the detailed elements derived from the previous research,a total of 36 AIP detailed elements suitable for the regeneration of the community were summarized.

Assessing Flexible Places for Adaptive Urban Design:A New Method and the Case of Cittaducale

Each place has its own peculiarities,determining that the resilience and adaptation to diverse types of risks will be different,requiring different time and methods for mitigation as well.The coexistence of several risks determines further resolution difficulties as commonly,since risks are sudden and unforeseen,there is a tendency to treat the last risk more carefully,neglecting the previous one even if it is just as important.Most of the methodologies used to analyse areas affected by different risks are aimed at focusing in particular on seismic risks without considering those relating to intangible aspects linked to the identity of the places or aspects related to urban health and liveability.And,more in general,in relation to design aspects,urban methodologies do not consider all the results of the analyses,maybe for the difficulty deriving from translating the complexity of collected data in project interventions.Starting from these premises,the objective of the article,elaborated within the SISMI and PRIN 2020 research projects is to propose an original methodology capable of analysing the places affected by multiple risks and planning its resilience attentive to its cultural resources and to its liveability.To this end,the proposed method will be aimed at creating flexible and adaptive places and the case-study of Cittaducale will be illustrated.Criticalities and qualities of this place affected by an earthquake in 2016 will be reported and project interventions to transform its risks into opportunities will be shown.

城市存量土地更新的动力机制研究

随着城市化的加速发展,城市面临着空间资源有限、环境压力不断加大的问题。城市存量土地更新成为优化城市发展格局、提高资源利用效率的重要手段。论文阐述了城市存量土地的内涵,分析了城市存量土地类型与基本特征,构建了“权力—资本—民生”三大驱动力交互作用影响的更新动力分析框架,重点分析讨论了居住类存量土地的“政府+社会”协作更新机制、产业类存量土地的“政府+市场”协作更新机制、公共设施类存量土地的政府主导更新机制、公共空间类存量土地的政府主导更新机制以及历史文化类存量土地的多方协作更新机制等五种更新驱动作用机制,以期为城市存量土地更新制度设计与治理优化路径制定提供依据,更好地推动城市更新的协同、健康与可持续发展。

人本视角下的历史文化街区更新思考

历史文化街区是我国历史文化名城保护的核心地区,也是保护与发展冲突最为集中的地方。在城市更新的时代背景下,历史文化街区在更新发展过程中往往面临建筑质量维护欠佳、基础设施和公共服务设施缺乏、历史环境整治不当、生活延续性割裂等问题。在“以人为本”的价值导向下,重点关注街区安全、全龄友好、文脉传承、合理发展和公众参与5个方面,结合部分城市的实践经验,对历史文化街区更新的技术方法和实践模式进行综合思考。

城市更新的参与式治理:从物质空间到社会空间

从全生命周期关注城市更新已引起政策和实践的重视,但现有研究多关注城市更新的空间建设和实现阶段,对于城市更新空间的后续维护和使用阶段却相对较少关注。通过对上海社区层面的微更新、街区层面的生活圈建设、城市层面的滨江滨河空间贯通等三个层次案例的分析发现,城市更新是否带来期待的社会效果不仅取决于物质空间建设,还取决于是否通过参与式治理形成了有序的社会空间。物质空间的建设可在短时间内完成,但有序社会空间的形成需要较长时间的磨合和探索。从城市更新到美好生活需要重视物质空间供给后引发的社会空间问题,以参与式治理推动城市更新的可持续发展。

精准更新导向下的数字化城市设计实践探索——以上海市陆家嘴水环为例

本研究面向精准更新需求,提出了数字化城市设计分析范式,推动设计分析与效能评估从主观经验向量化解析的转换。在现状问题研判上以“人本”为核心,基于移动互联网LBS数据解析场地人口组成与行为特点,基于路网组构和sDNA诊断慢行堵点断点,基于美团与微博数据研判空间品质,基于结构化网页数据与POI兴趣点数据提炼功能布局,在方案效能评估上强调“量化”,结合大数据案例库与空间分析技术形成针对性效能提升分值评价。陆家嘴水环片区,这一紧邻上海核心CBD的“城市背面”,作为具有更新潜力和复合问题的代表性区域被选为案例。通过多源城市数据和城市设计分析技术的城市体检,本研究在实现从问题诊断到效能评估的多环节嵌入性支持的同时保证了相关分析方式的可推广性。通过实践需求引导下的技术与设计深度融合,本文有望为设计科学(Design Science)新范式的涌现提供针对性探索。

城市更新的机会成本和边际成本

城市更新上升为国家意志,但更新理论对“更新起点决策”和“更新终点决策”两个更新基本问题研究处于空白,对更新实践的支撑力和解释力不足。从现有更新研究中的两个误区入手,指出现有研究对更新起点和更新终点的论断与现实情况存在落差,借助微观经济学和超边际理论的分析工具,从机会成本和边际成本角度构建了“更新起点决策”和“更新终点决策”两个理论模型,通过对两个模型的拟合,形成了“起点-终点全过程决策”框架,依据该框架提出了“城市更新精明决策”思路,指出改进起点决策的“更新专业化分工”和“更新起点信贷”策略,改进终点决策的“设施触媒”和“更新底线管控”策略。为更新决策的底层逻辑分析和决策改进提供了新研究视角。

城镇更新区的识别与划定

城镇更新区的识别与划定作为城市更新规划编制的重要内容,亟需行业规范标准给予指引,中国城市规划学会标准化工作委员会组织编制的团体标准《城镇更新区划定技术导则(T/UPSC 0014-2023)》,提出了系统性的城镇更新区划定技术与方法。基于技术导则研究的现实背景和核心问题,着重从更新区识别的影响要素、更新对象识别的要点与方法,以及更新区划定的工作流程与技术要点等方面,阐述了技术导则文件的编制目的、原则和关键内容,为保证城镇更新规划工作科学、合理、规范和有效进行提供了基础性的技术支撑。

基于街区演替对出行拥堵影响的城市更新启示——以江苏淮安为例

城市街区演替的多维现象是各种城市问题持续劣化的微观成因,探明其中影响是实施城市更新行动的重要依据。针对江苏省淮安市107处城市街区,利用时空多源数据,采用逻辑降维、关联分析、地理加权回归等方法,构建可表征空间规模、交通设施、日常出行、社会经济及公共交通等演替现象的多维复合要素体系,揭示城市街区演替对交通出行拥堵的时空影响机理。影响机理表明空间规模与日常出行演替具有显著一致的正向影响,公共交通演替具有显著一致的负向影响,交通设施与社会经济的演替则不具显著影响。依循时空影响机理,结合可预见变化、官方指导意见和近期实践经验,情景模拟了全局性交通出行改善下各类街区更新的空间增容阙值,作为城市更新启示。

面向城市更新财政可持续的空间生产逻辑与实践

财政可持续是实现城市更新长期持续健康发展的重要保障。面对城市更新与财政可持续之间的现实矛盾,空间生产理论能解析财政推动城市空间再造和价值提升的内在逻辑,促进制度建设和空间生产实践的协调统一。从空间生产理论出发,构建“制度空间重构—多元主体行为选择—社会空间重构”的空间生产逻辑框架,提出未来城市更新财政可持续的五大基本逻辑和四大基本准则。最后以北京劲松模式为例,实证分析本逻辑框架的适用性,并提出相应的政策建议,以期为城市高质量发展背景下城市更新财政可持续提供决策参考。

从场所到场景:城市更新中的愿景认同与城市设计转型

城市更新既是城市发展转型的重要特征,又是多元主体综合愿景下的实践行动,城市设计必须积极向社会-空间发展转型,在更广泛的领域回应城市更新中的多元需求。文章从愿景认同的角度,结合城市更新和城市设计思想的发展历程,从理论内涵与实践影响两方面回溯场所与场景概念的发展,比较了场所与场景理论阐释的两种不同的人地关系,前者强调对集体聚居地的根植性认同,后者强调对群体生活方式的建构性认同。从场所到场景的思维转变,意味着城市空间的塑造正逐渐从关注场地环境本身的历史文化价值,转向关注场所延续过程中承载新的价值认同和空间体验的多元化选择。文章进一步针对城市更新中的不同领域特点和城市空间类型,提出了场景视角下的城市更新的空间演进趋势与城市设计转型特征。