Change Trend of Chinese Urban Residents' Food-nitrogen Consumption

Change trend of Chinese urban residents＇ per capita food-nitrogen annual consumption from 1981 to 2007 was analyzed and predicted by using ARIMA time-series model in order to reveal the change of urban food-nitrogen consumption during the China＇s urbanization process.Results showed that after 1980s,the annual consumption of Chinese urban residents＇ food-nitrogen had a change trend of ＂ increase-decrease-increase＂ and generally presented as a slight increasing trend;With the acceleration of rapid economic development and urbanization process,Chinese urban residents＇ food-nitrogen consumption will still keep a rising trend in future,and also has a large rising space.

Hu Foods and Production Methods in Qimin Yaoshu( Important Arts for the People's Welfare)

Qimin Yaoshu( Important Arts for the People's Welfare) made a detailed record of the diet and its production methods in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during the Wei Dynasty.Hu foods are important parts in the book.Hu foods recorded in Important Arts for the People's Welfare mainly include cheese products,cake products,and dish products.These contents not only reflect the exchange of diet culture between different nationalities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River during this period,but also reflect the breadth and depth of ethnic exchanges and integration in this period.

Teaching Ultrasound Imaging for Central Line Placement—A Resident’s Perspective

The availability of ultrasound (US) devices has refined techniques for vascular access. The resident trainee’s ability to learn US techniques depends upon device availability, skills, and motivation of instructors. We hypothesized that hands-on teaching program of US techniques for vascular access would have a positive impact on the trainee’s perceptions. After IRB approval, PGY3 anesthesiology residents with limited prior experience in US-guided vascular access underwent close supervision by attending staff as they performed US-guided Internal Jugular Vein (IJV) central line placements. A total of 66 land mark (LM) and 75 US-guided IJV cannulation performed by 19 residents were supervised. Residents completing the study were more proactive with 68.4% agreeing to use US based techniques for an anticipated difficulty in accessing central lines. The graduating residents involved in the study all strongly agreed that US imaging for vascular access was within the scope of practice of all anesthesiologists, and that training guidelines be established and incorporated in their practice. Fifty eight percent of residents stated that their confidence and skill levels had significantly improved. Teaching US-guided techniques resulted in an increase employment of such techniques by graduating residents with no impediment attributed to knowledge deficits or inexperience. Residents were more proactive with using US for anticipated difficulty in IJV placement. A short neck, poor landmark, anticoagulation, morbid obesity favored US use by residents. Systematic teaching of US techniques is justified as it significantly improves the resident’s perceptions and confidence.

The research on the welfare of the China disabled children

The disabled children are a special people; but we pay little attention to them. At the same time, we study the welfare of the disabled children very little. As many problems on the disabled children presented in front of people, their welfare are generally put forward. The proportion of the disabled children＇s welfare is relatively small in the social welfare system of china; paying attention to the disabled children＇s welfare of china; getting to know the present situation of the disabled children＇s welfare of china and establishing the disabled children＇s welfare pattern of china based the present situation of the disabled children＇s welfare of china will be good for the rescue of the disabled children of china. That can give them a hand to make them live in a good living environment. Improving and perfecting the system of the disabled children＇s welfare of china; safeguarding the rights and interest of the disabled children of china; forming a good social atmosphere; building a harmonious society and improve the level of civilization are the benefit of the new system.

Analyzing whether China is a Welfare State Grounded on the Study of Esping-Andersen's Theories

Indisputably,the desire for sense of security as a part of society brings about Citizens'aspiration for sound welfare.It's not only the wishes of citizens of capitalistic states but socialist countries.This paper focuses on analyzing whether China is a welfare state grounded on the study of Esping-Andersen’s theories.It consists of three dimensions,conceptual definitions published by Asa Briggs and Esping-Andersen is the primary one,then the basic three directions to modify the play of market(Asa Briggs)are stated as the criteria to measure a state,the third part is the principle Esping-Andersen proposed,and three kinds of welfare state based on the principle.To make the research more evident,examples will be utilized as follows.

Juvenile Criminal Justice Reform Regarding to Children's Welfare

Juvenile criminal justice is a reflection of the new approach to children and criminal penalty. The juvenile justice reform is onginated from the changes in criminal penalty and the approach to children. When criminal penalty is no longer pure revenge, education and individualization dominate criminal penalty; when children are regarded as being different from adults and should be treated differently, the new approach to children is taking shape and made more scientific. The orientation of juvenile criminal justice reform is to differentiate the juvenile crimes from adult crimes, set up case heating organizations, methods and treatment measures that are appropriate with the psychology of children. This paper will give an analysis of the current reform of the juvenile criminal justice in conjunction with the development of juvenile justice systems of other countries and probe into the orientation and development trend of the reform of China＇s juvenile criminal justice.

Research on the influence of community public welfare education activities on residents’awareness of lifelong learning

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of community public welfare education activities on residents’awareness of lifelong learning.Through the analysis of the connotation,form and mechanism of community public welfare education activities,the importance of improving the comprehensive quality of residents and promoting the harmonious development of society is revealed.At the same time,it analyzes the problems faced by current community public welfare education activities,including uneven allocation of resources,single content forms,weak teachers and insufficient capital investment,and puts forward corresponding solutions,in order to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for optimizing community public welfare education activities and enhancing residents’awareness of lifelong learning.

The Mixture Japanese and Western Style in the Image of theGovernor-General’s Residence of Taiwan Under Japanese Rule 1

This paper focused on Japan who was as a new colonial government in Taiwan under Japanese rule,during the period of which took official buildings or urban planning mainly of a series of Western European-style architecture as a ruler’s cultural identity and a modern Taiwan policy.However,in the context of East Asian modernity,the basic colonial not only mixed Eurocentric,but also included Japan Center and the interaction between the two.Therefore,the scope of research and discussion shall have regarded to the non-Western,non-white nature of the Japanese Empire,and its colonial/modernity construction is another new model.Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence as the Governor-General’s residence for Japanese government combined administrative office,daily living,and social life,showing a symbol of Japan’s colonial ruling class,and a hostel to greet Japanese royal family and the nobility from time to time.As a mansion of both Western Baroque and Japanese style,its architectural design has class meaning,therefore it featured with a class-separation building,also combined the leisure of Western high society.The associated festivals at that time included tea party,fairs and royal family welcoming pilgrimage,the part of which with a strong political implication.This paper mainly uses the images of the Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence during the Japanese rule period and the literature at that time to restore the mixed taste and Japanese-Western style of Taiwan at that time.The Japanese colonists ruled the complex interactions of different ethnic groups in Taiwan.

食品价格上涨对不同收入等级城镇居民消费行为与福利的影响——基于QUAIDS模型的研究

本文利用2007年中国居民收入调查数据(CHIPS),运用二次几乎完美需求系统(QUAIDS)模型和补偿变量法,实证分析了食品价格上涨对不同收入等级城镇家庭消费行为与福利的影响。结果表明,面对食品价格上涨,低收入家庭倾向于维持原有食品消费数量而减少其它商品消费数量。而高收入家庭倾向于减少一些高档食品消费而维持其他商品消费数量。另外,食品价格上涨对低收入家庭福利的影响程度高于高收入家庭,以食品价格上涨20%为例,低收入家庭福利损失9.05%,而高收入家庭福利损失仅仅为5.91%。因此,政府要充分考虑到低收入家庭在面临食品价格上涨时所表现出的脆弱性进而制定相应的福利政策,以帮助低收入群体抵御食品价格上涨的影响。

数字普惠金融调节城乡居民福利差异效率及影响因素研究--基于DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型

基于DEA-Malmquist-Tobit模型,对2011—2018年我国31个省份的数字普惠金融调节城乡居民福利差异效率展开静态和动态分析,并进一步探究影响数字普惠金融调节城乡居民福利差异效率的主要影响因素。结果表明,数字普惠金融调节城乡居民福利差异效率较高,但是全要素生产率呈下降趋势,主要源于技术进步的制约;经济发展水平、产业结构、财政支出水平、互联网普及率与数字普惠金融调节城乡居民福利差异效率呈显著正相关关系,对外贸易开放程度、传统金融发展水平与数字普惠金融调节城乡居民福利效率呈显著负相关关系。在此基础上,提出加强数字普惠金融技术创新、合理配置数字普惠金融资源、政府适当加大扶持力度、优化产业结构、提高互联网普及率等建议。

个人所得税子女教育费用专项附加扣除的优化思考——一项基于2015年CGSS数据的模拟研究

基于新税改的子女教育费用扣除制度,设计不同的子女教育费用扣除调整方案,并依据中国综合社会调查(Chinese General Social Survey,CGSS)2015年数据模拟分析其对居民收入和居民福利所产生的影响。研究发现:子女教育费用扣除制度扩大了收入差距,但提高了收入水平。同时,制度的优化使得中等收入群体的收入水平提高,且收入差距扩大;高收入群体的收入水平略微增强,且收入差距明显缩小;低收入群体的可支配收入和收入差距无变化。收入水平提升对福利增进效果较强,收入差距扩大造成福利损失影响较小,从而福利水平得以提升。此外,依据教育的不同阶段设置不同的子女教育费用扣除标准是可行的。鉴于此,从政策操作层面来看,要继续优化子女教育费用专项附加扣除,以提升居民福利水平,持续完善个人所得税政策。

家庭护养模式探析——以国际SOS儿童村为例

以国际SOS儿童村的家庭护养模式为基础,从儿童的基本权益以及成长过程中所需的最佳条件出发,着重从背景、特点、标准与评估等方面介绍儿童家庭护养模式,强调家庭在儿童成长中的重要性,以期望在中国儿童福利发展过程中可以充分利用家庭护养模式的优点,为中国特殊儿童护理的发展模式提供相关的资料。

基于“D-P-S-R”模型的节水型绿色生态居民生活小区评价指标体系构建

通过对适用于环境方面的模型的分析,结合居民生活小区的用水特点,研究其对"节水""绿色""生态"等方面的要求,构建了"驱动力—压力—状态—响应"模型,为不断发展完善的居民生活小区节水评价指标体系提供基准、骨架。应用该模型对居民生活小区的节水评价指标进行筛选、归纳,并运用层次分析法对其赋权重,最终确定出节水型绿色生态居民生活小区评价指标体系。

升级版“GP-S模式”在我国南北实证研究中的可行性分析

全科住院医师规范化培训(以下简称“住培”)是培养全科医师的重要途径。浙江大学医学院附属第一医院(以下简称“浙大一院”)全科医学科创新建立了升级版导航式多路径全科医师培养模式(升级版“GP-S模式”),为求同质化培养全科医生,现拟开展升级版“GP-S模式”在中国的南北实证研究。研究拟选取浙江省和内蒙古自治区的全科住培基地为试验基地,并采用SWOT分析法探讨升级版“GP-S模式”应用于中国南北地区的可行性。文章从试验基地的人才与资源优势、外部的技术与政策支持以及浙江省与内蒙古自治区的差异等方面分析,并提出了应对劣势与挑战的策略,以提升升级版“GP-S模式”在我国南北地区开展实证研究的可行性。

中国城镇劳动力市场是否存在倒S供给曲线

基于2013年中国家庭收入调查项目(CHIP)的数据,应用微观经济计量方法估计了城镇居民在Hedonic模型下的工作收入方程模型以及个体工作时间方程模型。研究表明人力资源的优势是在劳动力供给中不可忽视的一部分,个体劳动供给行为在低收入群体和中高收入群体间是显著不同的,低收入群体的工作时间明显高于中高收入群体,并且低收入群体的工作时间对于工资的敏感程度更高。但是我国目前仍然处于"倒C型"曲线的下半段,没有证据证明"倒S型"劳动供给曲线在2013年中国城镇劳动力市场存在。