GRU-integrated constrained soft actor-critic learning enabled fully distributed scheduling strategy for residential virtual power plant

In this study,a novel residential virtual power plant(RVPP)scheduling method that leverages a gate recurrent unit(GRU)-integrated deep reinforcement learning(DRL)algorithm is proposed.In the proposed scheme,the GRU-integrated DRL algorithm guides the RVPP to participate effectively in both the day-ahead and real-time markets,lowering the electricity purchase costs and consumption risks for end-users.The Lagrangian relaxation technique is introduced to transform the constrained Markov decision process(CMDP)into an unconstrained optimization problem,which guarantees that the constraints are strictly satisfied without determining the penalty coefficients.Furthermore,to enhance the scalability of the constrained soft actor-critic(CSAC)-based RVPP scheduling approach,a fully distributed scheduling architecture was designed to enable plug-and-play in the residential distributed energy resources(RDER).Case studies performed on the constructed RVPP scenario validated the performance of the proposed methodology in enhancing the responsiveness of the RDER to power tariffs,balancing the supply and demand of the power grid,and ensuring customer comfort.

Optimal dispatching strategy for residential demand response considering load participation

To facilitate the coordinated and large-scale participation of residential flexible loads in demand response(DR),a load aggregator(LA)can integrate these loads for scheduling.In this study,a residential DR optimization scheduling strategy was formulated considering the participation of flexible loads in DR.First,based on the operational characteristics of flexible loads such as electric vehicles,air conditioners,and dishwashers,their DR participation,the base to calculate the compensation price to users,was determined by considering these loads as virtual energy storage.It was quantified based on the state of virtual energy storage during each time slot.Second,flexible loads were clustered using the K-means algorithm,considering the typical operational and behavioral characteristics as the cluster centroid.Finally,the LA scheduling strategy was implemented by introducing a DR mechanism based on the directrix load.The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DR approach can effectively reduce peak loads and fill valleys,thereby improving the load management performance.

China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index for the 2nd Quarter of 2024

The statistics of the China natural gas industry prosperity Index showed that the China natural gas industry Prosperity Index was 312.46 in the 2nd quarter of 2024,up 3.2%from the 1st quarter of 2024,a stably prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas production companies was 447.03 in the 2nd quarter of 2024,up 4.3%from the 1st quarter of 2024.

China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index for the 1st Quarter of 2024

The statistics of the China matural gas industry prosperity index showed that the China natural gas industry prosperity index was 302.84 in the 1st quarter of 2024,up 3.6%from the 4th quarter of 2023,a stably prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas production companies was 428.78 in the 1st quarter of 2024.

Improving the Quality of Public Space in Old Residential Areas Based on Superposition and Intervention:A Case Study of Baihuazhou District of Nanchang City

With the development of cities,China has entered an era of stock planning.The functions of old residential areas in urban development can no longer meet the needs of residents in the new era for a better life,and new standards have been put forward for the quality of public spaces for living.This paper analyzes and sorts out the characteristics and problems of the public space in the old residential areas of Baihuazhou district.Combining superposition and intervention techniques,the spatial,historical,cultural and other characteristic elements of the residential areas are preserved to the greatest extent.The public space in the old residential areas of Baihuazhou District is updated and reconstructed in order to achieve the goal of improving the quality of its public space.

Operation optimization strategy of existing residential building energy-saving renovation market:From the perspective of subject behavior

The energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings is a crucial measure to achieve the strategic goal of energy conservation and emission reduction in China and build ecologically livable cities.This article focuses on the perspective of subject behavior,starting from analyzing the current situation and difficulties of the operation of the energy-saving renovation market for existing residential buildings in China,drawing on the practical experience of the operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market abroad.Based on principles such as systematicity,humanization,feasibility,and sustainability,the article constructs an operation optimization system of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market from the perspective of subject behavior.In order to provide a reference for the healthy and orderly operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market,this paper proposes implementation strategies for optimizing the operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market.Suggestions are proposed from four aspects:optimizing the market environment,innovating the financing model,building the information sharing platform,and utilizing the synergies of the main subjects.

Conservation and Renewal Strategies of Industrial Heritage Residential Areas from the Perspective of Heritage Protection : A Case Study of Residential Area of Wuchang Vehicle Factory

The residential area of Wuchang Vehicle Factory is taken as a case to explore the protection and renewal strategies of industrial heritage residential areas.By analyzing the current situation of the residential area,issues such as functional decline,memory loss,and weakened community vitality are revealed.Three design concepts are proposed:building renovation,historical space renovation,and the introduction of cultural and creative industries,aiming to improve the living environment,showcase historical value,cultivate cultural and creative industries,promote economic transformation,and community vitality.This paper could provide reference for the protection and renewal of similar industrial heritage residential areas,and new ideas for the research and utilization of industrial heritage.By comprehensively considering heritage protection,cultural inheritance,and community development,systematic suggestions are proposed.

New material trends for the first quarter of 2024

New textile materials are being developed at a rapid pace,breaking the boundaries between traditional textile technologies and offering new functional,environmental and comfort benefits.In the first quarter of 2024,the textile industry has ushered in a wave of innovation.These new materials not only bring new development opportunities for the textile industry,but also more possibilities for our lives.This article summarizes some of the recently released new textile materials,their application prospects and impact on the industry.

China:In the fourth quarter of 2023,exports of yarn and fabric to ASEAN ceased declining and rebounded

On January 8th,the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Textiles released data showing that in the fourth quarter,China’s textile and clothing exports gradually stabilised.The proportion of intermediate exports in textile and clothing exports continued to rise,providing a new impetus for the substantial expansion of exports to traditional markets and international supply chain cooperation.

Design of Residential Environment Based on the Ideal Model——About the Design of Yijing Residential Quarter in Hefei City,Anhui Province

By combining with the design concepts of communication spaces,living rooms and landscape ecology in Yijing Residential Quarter,Hefei City,Anhui Province,this study analyzes the particularity of residential environment design,and elaborates the author's design concepts,to create a comfortable and ideal living space.

MAQMC:Multi-Agent Deep Q-Network for Multi-Zone Residential HVAC Control

The optimization of multi-zone residential heating,ventilation,and air conditioning(HVAC)control is not an easy task due to its complex dynamic thermal model and the uncertainty of occupant-driven cooling loads.Deep reinforcement learning(DRL)methods have recently been proposed to address the HVAC control problem.However,the application of single-agent DRL formulti-zone residential HVAC controlmay lead to non-convergence or slow convergence.In this paper,we propose MAQMC(Multi-Agent deep Q-network for multi-zone residential HVAC Control)to address this challenge with the goal of minimizing energy consumption while maintaining occupants’thermal comfort.MAQMC is divided into MAQMC2(MAQMC with two agents:one agent controls the temperature of each zone,and the other agent controls the humidity of each zone)and MAQMC3(MAQMC with three agents:three agents control the temperature and humidity of three zones,respectively).The experimental results showthatMAQMC3 can reduce energy consumption by 6.27%andMAQMC2 by 3.73%compared with the fixed point;compared with the rule-based,MAQMC3 andMAQMC2 respectively can reduce 61.89%and 59.07%comfort violation.In addition,experiments with different regional weather data demonstrate that the well-trained MAQMC RL agents have the robustness and adaptability to unknown environments.

基于区块链的“去中心化”物业管理互信共治新模式

通过梳理我国物业管理的发展历程,发现我国传统“中心型”的物业管理模式面临难以摆脱的“周期性危机”,制约了社区治理的现代化转型。导致危机形成的原因主要有三点:看不透的“黑箱”,即物业管理低透明度引发的信任关系紧张;难以达到的“专业化”,即专业能力缺失致使物业管理陷入“囚徒困境”;涨不动的“服务质量”,即共识机制缺失激化了物业管理的“价值矛盾”。基于区块链的“去中心化”物业管理方式在业主、业主委员会与物业公司三方之间搭建起信任纽带,构筑了物业管理的“互信共治”新路径,打破了物业管理的“囚徒困境”,实现了物业管理的良性高效透明运转,建构了住宅小区“去中心化”物业管理新模式。

An Extended Fuzzy-DEMATEL System for Factor Analyses on Social Capital Selection in the Renovation of Old Residential Communities

China has been promoting the renovation of old residential communities vigorously.Due to the financial pressure of the government and the sustainability of the renovation of old residential communities,public-private partnerships(PPP)have already gained attention.The selection of social capital is key to improving the efficiency of the PPP model in renovating old residential communities.In order to determine the influencing factors of social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities,this paper aims to find an effective approach and analyze these factors.In this paper,a fuzzy decision-making and trial evaluation laboratory(fuzzy-DEMATEL)technique is extended and amore suitable systemis developed for the selection of social capital using the existing group decisionmaking theory.In the first stage,grounded theory is used to extract the unabridged key influencing factors for social capital selection in the renovation of old residential communities.Secondly,by considering the impact of expert weights,the key influencing factors are identified.The interactions within these influencing factors are discussed and the credibility of the results is verified by sensitivity analysis.Finally,these key influencing factors are sorted by importance.Based on the results,the government should focus on a technical level,organizationalmanagement abilities,corporate reputation,credit status,etc.This study provides the government with a theoretical basis and a methodology for evaluating social capital selection.

Optimization of Green Space Plant Configuration in Residential Areas of Chongqing Central Business District Based on Green Plot Ratio—A Case Study of Xuhui City Residential Community

The current urban green space construction was guided by a two-dimensional index evaluation system, resulting in weak ecological benefits of green space. Green plot ratio (GPR), as a three-dimensional indicator, can characterize the ecological benefits of green areas and the ability of green areas to participate in the operation and regulation of urban ecosystems. As an important component of urban green space, the GPR index was added to the two-dimensional index evaluation system to optimize the green space, which can promote the development of low-carbon, healthy and ecological green space. Based on the research of 22 residential districts in the central city of Chongqing, the Leaf area index (LAI) index of common native garden plants in Chongqing was formed to improve the accuracy of green capacity index measurement in Chongqing. The study also took the residential community of Sunrise City in Banan District of Chongqing as an example, and carried out the optimization design practice from four types of residential community green areas: green areas next to houses, road green areas, concentrated green areas, and green areas attached to public service facilities.

Analysis of China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index for the 1st Quarter of 2023

The statistics of the China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index showed that the China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index was 257.42 in the 1st quarter of 2023,up 4.7%from the 4th quarter of 2022,a stably prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas production companies was 353.73 in the 1st quarter of 2023,up 6.3%from the 4th quarter of 2022,an increasingly prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas sales companies was 174.44 in the 1st quarter of 2023,up 3.3%from the 4th quarter of 2022,a recovery in the short term and a prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity trend index of the natural gas industry in the coming year for the 1st quarter of 2023 was 462.27,up 6.9%from the 4th quarter of 2022,a very prosperous state,indicating that natural gas industry experts are optimistic about the natural gas industry’s prosperity trend in the coming year.See Fig.1 and Table 1 for details.

China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index for the 4th Quarter of 2023

The statistics of the China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index showed that the China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index was 292.43 in the 4th quarter of2023,up 5.6% from the 3rd quarter of 2023,a stably prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas production companies was 412.81 in the 4th quarter of 2023,up 5.6% from the 3rd quarter of 2023,an increasingly prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas sales companies was 192.67 in the 4th quarter of 2023,up 5.9% from the 3rd quarter of 2023,a recovery in the short term and a prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity trend index of the natural gas industry in the coming year for the 4th quarter of 2023 was 575.96,up 6.9% from the 3rd quarter of 2023,a very prosperous state,indicating that natural gas industry experts are optimistic about the natural gas industry's prosperity trend in the coming year.

Analysis of China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index for the 3rd Quarter of 2023

The statistics of the China natural gas industry prosperity index showed that the China natural gas industry prosperity index was 277.03 in the 3rd quarter of 2023,up 4.0%from the 2nd quarter of 2023,a stably prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas production companies was 390.88 in the 3rd quarter of 2023,up 5.2%from the 2nd quarter of 2023,an increasingly prosperous state in the short term and a very prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity index of natural gas sales companies was 181.91 in the 3rd quarter of 2023,up 3.3%from the 2nd quarter of 2023,a recovery in the short term and a prosperous state in the medium to long term;the prosperity trend index of the natural gas industry in the coming year for the 3rd quarter of 2023 was 538.84,up 6.4%from the 2nd quarter of 2023,a very prosperous state,indicating that natural gas industry experts are optimistic about the natural gas industry’s prosperity trend in the coming year(Fig.1 and Table 1).

Multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization system and implementation strategy for energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings

The core of the healthy and orderly operation of the existing residential building energy-saving renovation market lies in the exploration of the implementation mechanism of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization.The multi-agent and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework is a powerful tool to guide the scientific decision-making of the market core structural entities in the future market practice. This paper analyzes the practical dilemma of energy-saving renovation of theexisting residential buildings in China, summarizes the practical experience of multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization of energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings in foreign countries, and puts forward beneficial practical enlightenment on the basis of comparison at home and abroad;The design principles of the target integrated optimization system have established a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated optimization system framework for the energy-saving renovation of the existing residential buildings, from six aspects: government guidance, trust consensus, value co-creation, risk sharing, revenue sharing, and social responsibility sharing. This paper proposes a multi-subject and multi-objective integrated practice strategy, in order to promote the efficient and orderly development of China's existing residential building energy-saving renovation market.

Evaluating the effects of topographical factors on the precipitation simulated by kilometer-scale versus quarter-degree dynamical downscaling models in eastern China

与传统的1/4度(≈25-30 km)动力降尺度模拟相比,公里尺度模拟的降水空间分布与观测结果更为接近.为了研究这一差异原因,本研究以华东地区为例,探究了地形因子在观测和模拟的降水中的作用.为了更好地体现地形因子对降水分布非均匀性的影响,以及不同地形因子作用的尺度差异,本研究采用多尺度地理加权回归模型,对五个主要地形因子与公里尺度和1/4度分辨率模拟的降水的关系进行了评估.基于观测数据的研究结果显示地形起伏度,地形高程和离海岸线距离对华东地区降水分布的非均匀性都有重要影响,其中地形起伏度在研究区大部分站点降水分布中起主导作用;公里尺度模拟结果基本反映了地形起伏度的主导作用;而1/4度模拟结果表现出降水对地形高程的过度依赖.本研究揭示了公里尺度地形分布对中国东部降水的非均匀分布的关键作用,研究结果可以为改进降水模拟提供新的思路.