Study on the Impacts of Tourism Development in Letong Ancient Town:A Resident Perception-Based Approach

Residents constitute the principal elements of regional tourism deveopment,and their behavioral cognition will play a certain role in promoting local tourism development.In recent years,although tourism along the Sichuan-Tibet Line(318 and 317 routes)has made some progress,there are some problems,such as homogenization of products,a single local culture,and inconspicuous brand characteristics.At the same time,due to the remote geographical location,living conditions,health conditions,and other imperfections,resulting in greater constraints on tourism development.This article employs Letong Ancient Town as a representative case study,and discusses the impact of tourism development on the local economy,environment,society,and culture from the perspective of residents’perception through field research and data analysis,thereby providing a reference for regional tourism development.

A Study of the Residents’Perception on the Socio-cultural Impact of Coastal Tourism

In the process of tourism development,destination residents,as an important interest group,their perception and attitude towards the impact of tourism has a vital significance to the success of the development of coastal tourism industry.This research studies the perception and attitude to the socio-cultural impact of community residents who live in coastal tourism destination Qingdao through an empirical case study.The results of the study draw that residents’perception of positive influences produce positive effects on their attitude while perception of negative impact generates negative effects.Cluster analysis and descriptive statistical analysis were used to divide Qingdao community residents into four types,namely optimistic supporters,pessimistic opponents,rational supporters,and neutral.Through the different categories of demographic analysis and logistic regression model analysis,the influence degree of residents’subjective factors posed on tourism effect perception has been explored.The research adds a new applied case study for a comprehensive understanding of impacts of coastal tourism destinations.

Residents’ Attitudes Towards Tourism in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems Pilot Site: a Case Study in China

Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) is a wide program to promote the conservation and adap-tive management of such systems and their associated landscapes, biodiversity, knowledge systems and cultures. Rice-Fish Systems (RFS) in Longxian village of China, as a traditional agricultural system, was selected as one of the five pilot sites of GIAHS in 2005. Researchers have paid more attention to the dynamic conser-vation and adaptive management of RFS because it is under severe threats from global development challenges. Tourism is suggested to be brought into the RFS conservation program as an alternative industry. This paper presents a comparative study of residents in three types of farm household in Longxian, seeking attitudes to the RFS conservation and tourism development and ways in which such information may guide future strategies. Results show resi-dents, belonging to the household type in which most family mem-bers are abroad, have the most positive attitudes to RFS conserva-tion and tourism development; while residents, as other household type in which less than 50% of family members are abroad, are the least sensitive group in these three household types, due to the motivation of moving abroad weakening their enthusiasm to participate in the local activities. Implications are discussed in the context of how resident attitudes will affect the future manage-ment of GIAHS conservation and tourism development, and then measures are put forward to foster tourism cooperation and multi-stakeholders process establishment.

An empirical analysis on community residents' perception and major influencing factors of rural tourism development

With the rapid development of rural tourism in China,community residents,as important stakeholders in the development of rural tourism,their perceptions and attitudes directly affect the sustainable and healthy development of local rural tourism.Taking the community residents of Xiaogucheng Village in Hangzhou as the research object,using the methods of field interviews and questionnaires,a multiple regression model was established to conduct an empirical analysis on the perception and main factors affecting the development of rural tourism of community residents.The results show that the development of rural tourism in villages with better economic development is not as popular as expected;Where community residents have made ideological progress and are willing to participate in tourism development,the development effect of rural tourism is remarkable;In addition,community residents also hope that their personal abilities can be combined with rural tourism for common development;The destruction of community environment has a slight impact on the development of rural tourism,which shows that the attention is not enough.Finally,based on the analysis conclusion,it provides new ideas and inspiration for the sustainable development of rural tourism:improving the community residents’participation in rural tourism system,establishing the guidance mechanism of community residents’tourism vocational education,and consolidating the achievements of community ecological environment management.

Factors associated with financial support in old age for young and middle-aged rural residents in China

This study examined the factors associated with financial support in old age from three primary mechanisms-personal savings,family support,and social insurance-to explore the implications for the future development of China's rural social welfare system.Cross-sectional surveys of 1392 young and middle-aged rural residents were conducted in July and August2012.The results showed that while social insurance was increasingly acceptable,personal savings and family support still had fundamental value.Combining the three mechanisms,the rural old-age welfare system presented nontraditional features.China's new rural endowment insurance is discussed as a means to address the need for financial support among the rural aging population.

Spatial Differentiation of Tourism Impact Based on the Perception of Residents in Mountainous Valley Resorts

Valley economy is a type of economy that comprehensively utilizes the natural economic and social resources of the region based on environmental protection. This economy utilizes the basic role of the market in disposing resources and achieving regional development and social progress. In this paper we studied the town of Yanqi, a valley resort that has developed tourism-based valley economy for several years in the mountainous area of Beijing. This research identifies the spatial differentiation of tourism-related economic, socio-cultural, and environmental impact and level of support for tourism according to the perception and attitude of residents of Yanqi. The research area was divided into three zones(i.e., core, transition, and peripheral)according to the standard proposed by Jaakson. The residents in all three zones showed a positive attitude toward the tourism industry, and the residents in the core zone had a stronger perception toward the impact of tourism. However, several items indicated the converse. Correlation analysis and analysis of variance were used to explore the correlative factors associated with the attitudes of residents toward the tourism industry. Results indicated major differences among the three zones. Multiple factors, including natural conditions, policies, scenic spots, dependence on the tourism industry, and external investment in the three zones resulted in the spatial differentiation of the perception and attitude of residents toward the impact of tourism.

Evaluation Model of Residents' Hospitality in Tourism Destination

The hospitality spirit of tourism destination is one of the sources of destination comparative advantage,and it is also an important factor affecting the quality of destination products.From the perspective of tourists’ perception,analytic hierarchy process is used to construct the evaluation model of residents’ hospitality in tourism destination from two aspects:the behavioral expression of individual hospitality and the atmosphere performance of social hospitality.The research could provide reference basis for managers evaluating the hospitality of residents in tourism destinations.

Residents’ Perceptions of the Tourism Impacts on a Mature Destination: The Case of Madeira Island

Residents play a fundamental role in the quality of tourists’experiences and satisfaction derived from a visit and,thus,in the success of a tourism destination.This paper addresses the perceptions that residents have the impacts of tourism on Madeira Island,a mature tourism destination.Based on data extracted from a survey administered to residents during August and September 2018,we inquired on the extent to which they maintain a positive perception of the impacts of the tourist industry.The survey tried to address the residents’perceptions of economic,cultural,social,or environmental impacts.In the analysis of the data,both descriptive and multivariable statistical methods were used.The empirical results attained indicate that residents feel that there is no excess of tourism on the island.They do not fail to realize that there are a few negative consequences,but the positive ones got better scores on average.Being an inhabitant of an urban or a rural site did not seem to influence differently the perceptions gathered on the contribution of tourism to the overall development of Madeira Island.This type of analysis can serve as a useful tool for tourism planners and managers in order to prevent or minimize eventual negative impacts of the tourism industry as felt by the local inhabitants and,thus,for creating the required policies.

Analysis on the Expenditure Structures of Domestic Tourism of Urban Residents Nowadays in China

Tourism has been one of the largest industries in China. At present the townsmen＇s travel expenditure has been a bit more than countrymen＇s. It has become one of the most popular topics in the tourism research literature. So based on the data of past years, this paper tries to analyze the expenditure structures of domestic tourism of urban residents in China.

Trend and Countermeasures for the Development of Rural Resident Tourism Market

The development status of rural resident tourism market is introduced in this study,and its potential influencing factors are analyzed.With coastal areas as the study case,the future development trend of rural resident tourism market in China is predicted from the aspects of market scale,consumption pattern,tourism level and tourism season,moreover,countermeasures are put forward for the healthy and sustainable development of rural resident tourism market.

Research on Technological Support System of Control and Management of Rural Tourism Safety

As the sources of overt and covert potential safety hazards were widespread, the safety control and management of rural tourism became more complicated and difficult, which required more for technological support of rural tourism safety management. Based on the latitude of technological support, from the perspective of management practice of rural tourism safety, through analysis on inner symbiosis of management and technological support of rural tourism safety, the paper had studied three parts of control and management system of rural tourism safety, which were rural tourism safety identification, rural tourism safety isolation and control, and rural tourism safety treatment and solution; and the connotation of technological support during safety management had been discussed from the three aspects. It hoped to serve as reference for tourism safety management and control, so as to promote healthy, stable and sustainable development of tourism.

FUZZY SYNTHETIC EVALUATION ON RESIDENT'S PERCEPTIONS OF TOURISM IMPACTS——Case of Jiuzhaigou National Park, Sichuan Province, China

Tourism can have both positive and negative outcomes for residents in tourism destinations, It is a good method to analyze the status of tourism impact by means of investigating residents＇ perceptions of it. Various methods have been used in previous authoritative studies. However, owing to inherent imprecision, difficulties always exist in some conventional methodologies when describing the interpretation of linguistic or measured uncertainties for real-world randoln phenomena. The purpose of this research is to present the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method to investigate residents＇ perceptions of tourisln impacts. At first, basic attributes and a hierarchical framework of tourism impacts are defined and formed. Secondly, the weighted vectors are determined according to the knowledge and experience of experts. Thirdly, the weighted evaluation matrices are aggregated to get the fuzzy sets of tourism impacts. In the last stage, the final fuzzy sets are defuzzified to get the rank of the residents＇ perceptions of tourism impacts. A case study in Jiuzhaigou National Park of China is provided to demonstrate the application of this method.

Study on the Relationship between Tourist Influence and Residents' Sense of Community:An Empirical Study from Changdao Countyin Shandong Province

Residents' sense of community is an important prerequisite to promote the development of community.Tourism has significant influence on residents' sense of community.An empirical study from Changdao shows that economy and life conflict caused by tourism can affect neighborhood-friendly and community participation significantly.Culture,environment and social services from tourism can significantly affect community association,community care and place recognition.Therefore,the regional managers should pay attention to allocate revenues in the residents fairly and protect own culture to avoid the negative impact from tourism.

Communication Skills Training for Residents: Which Variables Predict Learning of Skills?

Objective: This study aimed to determine variables associated (predictors and correlates) with the learning of assessment and supportive skills in the context of a communication skills training for medical residents. Methods: Learning was measured by comparing residents’ communication skills in a simulated consultation before and after a communication skills training. Communication skills were transcribed and tagged with a computer-assisted program. Potential variables associated with learning (residents’ characteristics, contextual characteristics and pre-training communication skills) were measured before the training and entered in regression analysis. Results: Fifty-six residents followed the training between 2002 and 2006. Poor pre-training assessment and supportive skills predicted the respective learning of these skills. Better assessment skills’ learning was predicted by copings (i.e. lower level of emotional coping), lower levels of self-efficacy and depersonalization. Better supportive skills’ learning was predicted by a lower work experience and associated with a higher training attendance rate. Conclusions: Predictors and correlates of assessment and supportive skills learning were different. Trainers needed to detect certain residents’ characteristics (i.e. depersonalization) in order to optimize assessment skills learning. Trainers needed to be aware that supportive skills are difficult to learn and to teach and may need more training hours.

The Mediating Effect of Quality of Life on Tourism Impact and Support Attitude in Alishan Tribes

The purpose of this study was aimed to analyze the effect of indigenous people’s perceived impact of tourism development on tribal quality of life and the support attitude toward tourism development. The research subjects were indigenous people who were at least 20 years old and came from one of eight Alishan tribes in Taiwan. This study conducted an investigation by random sampling, a total of 850 questionnaires were distributed and obtained 827 valid questionnaires. The valid return rate was 97.29%. Statistical analysis was performed on the valid questionnaires using descriptive statistics and partial least squares (PLS). According to the analytical result, Alishan indigenous people feel the negative environmental impact brought by tourism is the highest, but in terms of quality of life, they also maintain of nature and culture. When the positive economic, environmental, and sociocultural impact of tourism is higher, tribal quality of life and indigenous people’s support attitude toward tourism development will be more significant;however, when the negative economic, environmental, and sociocultural tourism impact is higher, tribal quality of life will be lower and indigenous people will tend to resist tourism development. Quality of life was found to be a moderator between tourism impact and support attitude toward development. This study proposed suggestions for indigenous tribes and the government to develop the tourism sector and introduced specific research directions for future tribal tourism researchers.

On-Foot Content Tourism Support System in Urban Tourist Destinations of Japan

It has also become possible for people to easily acquire tourism information that matches their own particular tastes using the internet, so tourism has taken a more diverse range of forms. One of these is “content tourism” that became popular in recent Japan. Sgains such a backdrop, the present study aimed to design, develop, operate and evaluate a system that integrated three subsidiary systems including Web-geographic information systems (GIS), a tourism information system and social networking service (SNS) in order to support walking-based content tourism. This made it possible to create sightseeing routes and to submit, store, and view tourist attraction information. Additionally, the system was operated for one month in Chofu City, Tokyo Metropolis, and the total number of users was 42. During the operation period, 12 new sightseeing routes were created and 30 new tourist attractions were submitted. Based on the results of the web questionnaire survey, users highly evaluated the key functions of the system and the overall system. However, of those key functions, evaluations were somewhat low for the ease of operation of the creation function of sightseeing route, so the improvements must be made. From the results of the access log analysis of users’ log data, the total number of sessions in this system was 134, 64% used PCs, 36% used mobile devices, Therefore, the approach of designing the system such that the same functions could be used regardless of the type of device one is using was an effective design approach.

＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ -A Research on the Participation and Perception of Residents in Scenic Area and Community

Tight space and interactive resources grant tourism community residents a vital body status in community tourism development and construction process. Residents＇ all-sided and effective participation in Tourism development process, with no doubt, is an open democratization process and an effective way to ensure sustainable development of tourism as it can raise residents＇ income and eliminate bad influence of tourism. ＂Impression-Liu Sanjie＂ is a scenic spot where ＂landscape live-action＂ is performed. Local residents （farmers） serve as the main part. Through survey and analysis of participation and perception of community residents, this paper aims at finding some useful consult and inspirations for the development, management and policy formulation of other rural scenic region alike.

长江经济带居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平耦合关系及影响因素研究

实现居民共同富裕是中国式现代化的本质要求,旅游业作为幸福产业,如何促进居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平协调共进成为当前研究的重点问题.该文以长江经济带为研究区域,构建了居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平指标体系,并基于耦合协调模型和时空地理加权回归模型(GTWR),考察分析2011—2020年居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平关系及其影响因素.结果发现:1)长江经济带旅游发展水平研究期内整体呈波动上升趋势,2020年因受疫情影响而出现跌落,居民共同富裕水平则呈整体逐年上升趋势;两者均呈现出显著空间异质性,但中上游地区旅游发展水平相近.2)居民共同富裕与旅游发展水平耦合协调水平呈波动上升趋势,重庆和贵州两地上升较快,2020年各省市受到疫情影响有所下降;下游地区高于其他地区.3) GTWR模型表明,人口密度、环境治理投入、旅游收入占比、人均GDP因素存在明显的时空差异,不同时期各因素对地区影响强度和波动方向不同,其中人均GDP影响为正向且影响作用较强.

乡村旅游地居民公民意识量表开发与检验

乡村振兴旨在促进乡村经济、社会和文化的全面发展,乡村居民作为乡村发展的主体,其公民意识的觉醒和提升是实现乡村振兴的关键。目前学术界对乡村旅游地居民公民意识的研究涉及较少,能测量的量表更是少见。以乡村旅游地居民为研究对象,通过文献回顾和半结构化访谈,提炼出乡村旅游地居民公民意识的核心内涵及结构维度;在此基础上,通过专家咨询、问卷预调研等方式确定居民公民意识的初始量表,并对安徽宏村、湖南张谷英村和靖港古镇3个乡村旅游地所在居民开展问卷调查。研究发现:乡村旅游地居民公民意识量表由主体意识、法律意识和公共意识3个维度,共10个测项构成,量表的信效度俱佳。

社区参与视角下国家公园居民的旅游影响感知和自然保护态度差异——以神农架国家公园试点区为例

以神农架国家公园体制试点区(以下简称“神农架国家公园”)为例,运用问卷调查和单因素方差分析等手段,基于对参与旅游和未参与旅游的居民群体差异的比较分析,研究了国家公园旅游对社区居民自然保护态度的影响。研究表明:(1)神农架国家公园居民对旅游的正面影响感知明显强于负面影响感知,参与旅游的居民对正面旅游影响的感知强于后者,未参与旅游的居民对部分负面旅游影响的感知强于参与旅游的居民;(2)神农架国家公园居民对自然保护整体上均持有较为强烈的积极态度,但参与旅游的居民和未参与旅游的居民在强度上存在显著差异,参与旅游的居民较之未参与旅游的居民更认同自然保护的意义,更认同神农架自然保护的必要性,更认同国家公园的自然保护功能,也更愿意遵守和支持国家公园关于自然保护的管理规定。研究揭示了国家公园旅游对当地居民自然保护态度的积极影响,深化了我国国家公园问题研究,为国家公园自然资源的游憩利用提供了科学依据,具有较为突出的学术价值和现实意义。鉴于旅游对当地居民自然保护态度的积极影响,我国在推进国家公园体制建设中,在不影响保护管理目标的前提下应通过科学、适度发展旅游来争取当地居民对国家公园体制建设和自然保护工作的支持。