Compositional Characterization of Nitrogen Compounds in Changqing Crude Oil and Its Heavy Distillates

The nitrogen-containing compounds in Changqing crude oil, its atmospheric residue(AR), and vacuum reside(VR) were characterized by negative and positive ion electrospray ionization(ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS). The heteroatom compounds(N_1, N_2, N_1O_1, O_1, and O_2 class species) could be identified by the negative ESI analysis, while the positive mode could only detect the N_1, N_2, and N_1O_1 class species. Among them, the N_1 class species were found to be predominant in crude oil, as confirmed by either negative or positive ESI analyses,which were similar in composition to AR and VR. These compounds with higher abundance were characterized by double bond equivalent(DBE) values and carbon numbers. The composition of these compounds in crude oil and its AR as well as VR was correlated with their different boiling range, DBE values and carbon numbers. The negative ESI analysis showed that the abundant N_1 class species in crude oil and AR were centered at a DBE value of 12, and these species were likely benzocarbazoles, while the N_1 class species with the DBE value ranging from 13 to 16 having more complicated molecular structures were dominant in VR. And the positive ESI analysis gave the information of the abundant N_1 class species in crude oil, AR, and VR having the DBE values in the range of 10, 9―11, and 10―16, respectively, which were likely the compounds with the core of quinoline and benzoquinoline. The analysis confirmed that the distillation process in refinery preferentially removed the low DBE value and low molecular N-class species and brought them into the light and medium distillates, while those N-class species having a high molecular condensation in the molecules with large carbon number remained in the residual oil and could continually affect the downstream oil refining process.

锂电回收行业Tulsimer树脂在萃镍余液中的镍回收和净化萃取剂的技术研究

简要介绍了锂电三元材料回收的必要性和主流工艺,结合某电池新材料回收企业在湿法萃取结晶工艺中萃镍余液含萃取剂的问题进行实验和具体分析。处理前,该企业萃镍余液中的镍离子含量为0.285g/l,锂离子含量为2.65g/l,萃取剂含量为134mg/l,采用树脂工艺处理后的含量为镍离子未检出,锂离子2.453g/l,萃取剂含量为0.3mg/l。

农林废弃物处理工业废水的研究进展

农林废弃物是一种重要的生物质资源,但目前尚没有得到充分利用,随着石油等化石资源总量的日益减少,农林废弃物的利用受到越来越多的关注。介绍了农林废弃物作为生物吸附剂在含油污废水、含重金属离子废水、印染废水等方面的应用。

井间示踪监测确定水驱油藏剩余油饱和度技术应用

长期注水开发的老油田,由于主力砂体非均质性严重、水淹程度高、剩余油分散,常规方法难以预测和评价井间高渗通道和剩余油饱和度的分布,因此开展了以示踪剂井间监测为主,与油藏数值模拟有机结合确定井间剩余油饱和度综合评价技术。阐述了井间示踪监测确定水驱油藏剩余油饱和度技术方法原理,以及这项技术在港西三区二断块注水井组的应用,并根据测试结果进行了注水井调剖、油井提液和打调整井等措施。综合调整后的生产动态表明,示踪剂测试结果和调整井测井结果及动态特征吻合,各项措施均取得明显效果,为老油田开发中后期应用井间示踪监测技术,指导三次采油的综合调整找出了一条新路。

煤和废塑料与焦化残油共液化的研究

煤和废塑料共液化过程中添加焦化残油来部分替代四氢萘,结果表明,在添加的溶剂比中,四氢萘:残油为1:1效果最好,有助于提高油产率和降低气体的生成;对反应生成的残渣进行了工业分析和FTIR红外光谱分析,对正己烷抽提后的油品进行色—质联用分析,结合煤的红外光谱分析,探讨了煤和废塑料与焦化残油共处理过程中的化学反应机理。

离子迁移谱在食品安全快速检验中应用研究进展

食品问题日趋严重,为了食品安全,必须研究高灵敏度检测手段。离子迁移谱快速、灵敏、便捷和成本低等特点,决定其非常适合对食品中痕量物质进行检测。该文主要介绍离子迁移谱(IMS)基本工作原理和目前离子迁移谱在食品中应用研究进展情况,以期IMS在国内食品方面获得更广更深研究和发展。

ASAP离子源及其在粮油产品快速检测中的应用

大气压固体分析探头离子源(Atmospheric pressure solids analysis probes,ASAP)是一项较为新型的离子源技术。这种技术在化学污染物分析中有着广泛的应用潜力,并在快速筛查领域逐步受到重视。介绍了ASAP离子源的原理、结构和特点,并分别对粮油食品化学污染物的定性筛查和快速定量进行举例介绍。从硬件设置和方法学角度对ASAP源的使用进行了讨论和分析。可以看出,ASAP离子源在快速筛查粮油食品中的残留化学品、掺伪和污染物方面有较大的实用价值。

隔膜中残油量对锂电池性能的影响

锂离子电池隔膜在锂离子电池中主要起隔绝正负极防止短路和允许锂离子导通的作用[1],因此,锂离子电池隔膜品质的优劣直接影响到锂离子电池的应用性能。在锂电池隔膜制备的过程中,以石蜡油作为造孔剂,用热致相分离法制备聚乙烯微孔膜,石蜡油的残留不可避免。本文研究了隔膜中石蜡油的残留量对电池自放电、倍率放电、高温存储、循环性能等应用性能的影响。研究结果表明,残油量越低锂电池的应用性能越优。