According to computer numerical simulation for measuring atmosphere carbon potential by electric resistance method (hot-wire method) and the experimental data, the paper point out that the measuring result dose not d...According to computer numerical simulation for measuring atmosphere carbon potential by electric resistance method (hot-wire method) and the experimental data, the paper point out that the measuring result dose not directly reflect the atmosphere carbon potential (Cg) but the average carbon content, and as a result, the change of electric resistance obviously lag to that of the atmosphere carbon potential. In order to correctly control the carbon potential by electric resistance method, the authors bring forward a function which is a better expression for the relationship between the average carbon content of the wire and the atmosphere carbon potential and ensures good carbon potential control.展开更多
To establish a standard system for geneticstudies on sheath blight resistance, a field testwas conducted at the experimental farm ofYangzhou University to compare several pro-cedures for inoculating rice plants with R...To establish a standard system for geneticstudies on sheath blight resistance, a field testwas conducted at the experimental farm ofYangzhou University to compare several pro-cedures for inoculating rice plants with R.solani Kuhn (RH9). The varieties used wereJasmine 85, Teqing (resistant or moderatelyresistant), and Lemont (susceptible). They展开更多
The disaster of seawater intrusion seriously affects people's lives and restricts economic development,so the detection and treatment of seawater intrusion is a long-term task.On the basis of field investigation a...The disaster of seawater intrusion seriously affects people's lives and restricts economic development,so the detection and treatment of seawater intrusion is a long-term task.On the basis of field investigation and water quality analysis,according to the change characteristics of apparent resistivity of groundwater after Cl-reaches 250 mg/L,the theoretical basis for the application of high-density resistivity method was determined,and the characteristic values of apparent resistivity for seawater intrusion interfaces in different geological characteristic regions in Laizhou Bay area were determined by typical profile tests.Combined with water quality investigation and other means,profiles for the high-density resistivity method were arranged,and the interfaces between saline and fresh water were accurately divided.展开更多
In Brazil and various regions globally, the initiation of landslides is frequently associated with rainfall;yet the spatial arrangement of geological structures and stratification considerably influences landslide occ...In Brazil and various regions globally, the initiation of landslides is frequently associated with rainfall;yet the spatial arrangement of geological structures and stratification considerably influences landslide occurrences. The multifaceted nature of these influences makes the surveillance of mass movements a highly intricate task, requiring an understanding of numerous interdependent variables. Recent years have seen an emergence in scholarly research aimed at integrating geophysical and geotechnical methodologies. The conjoint examination of geophysical and geotechnical data offers an enhanced perspective into subsurface structures. Within this work, a methodology is proposed for the synchronous analysis of electrical resistivity geophysical data and geotechnical data, specifically those extracted from the Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT). This study involved a linear fitting process to correlate resistivity with N10/SPT N-values from DPL/SPT soundings, culminating in a 2D profile of N10/SPT N-values predicated on electrical profiles. The findings of this research furnish invaluable insights into slope stability by allowing for a two-dimensional representation of penetration resistance properties. Through the synthesis of geophysical and geotechnical data, this project aims to augment the comprehension of subsurface conditions, with potential implications for refining landslide risk evaluations. This endeavor offers insight into the formulation of more effective and precise slope management protocols and disaster prevention strategies.展开更多
We have recently developed a systematic method for the study on the inheritance of resistance to sheath blight. The key of the system is an innovated method of inoculation and investigation along with the employment o...We have recently developed a systematic method for the study on the inheritance of resistance to sheath blight. The key of the system is an innovated method of inoculation and investigation along with the employment of the permanent population. This paper reported the procedure of the system and the result of its verification.展开更多
Resistance in iron ore undergoes a sharp change of up to several orders of magnitude when the sintered solid phase changes to liquid phase.In view of the insufficiency of existing assimilation detection methods,a timi...Resistance in iron ore undergoes a sharp change of up to several orders of magnitude when the sintered solid phase changes to liquid phase.In view of the insufficiency of existing assimilation detection methods,a timing-of-assimilation reaction is proposed,which was judged by continuously detecting the changes in resistance at the reaction interface.Effects of pole position and additional amounts of iron ore on assimilation reaction timing were investigated.The results showed that the suitable depth of pole groove was about 2 mm,and there was no obvious impact when the distance of the poles changed from 4 to 6 mm,or the amount of iron ore changed from 0.4 to 0.6 g.The temperature of sudden change of resistance in the temperature-resistant image was considered to be the lowest assimilation temperature of iron ore.The accuracy of this resistance method was clarified by X-ray diffraction,optical microscope,and scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer(SEM/EDS)analyses.展开更多
On the basis of a macro flow resistance method and the Darcy Theory,a mathematical model is elaborated to characterize the flow resistance of a bag filter serving a coal-fired power plant.The development of the theore...On the basis of a macro flow resistance method and the Darcy Theory,a mathematical model is elaborated to characterize the flow resistance of a bag filter serving a coal-fired power plant.The development of the theoretical model is supported through acquisition of relevant data obtained by scanning the micro structure of the bag filter by means of an electron microscope.The influence of the running time and boiler load on the flow resistance and the impact of the flow resistance on the efficiency of the induced draft fan are analyzed by comparing the results of on-site operation tests.We show that the initial operation time and the table operation time are linearly related to the flow resistance of the bag filter;with the increase of boiler load,the flow resistance of the bag filter rises approximately as a quadratic function;with the rise of resistance,the power consumption of the induced draft fan increases while the efficiency of the induced draft fan decreases.展开更多
The research about subsurface characteristics by using transient electromagnetic method(TEM) and high density resistivity method(HDRM) were already conducted in Ordos. The objective of this research is to detect c...The research about subsurface characteristics by using transient electromagnetic method(TEM) and high density resistivity method(HDRM) were already conducted in Ordos. The objective of this research is to detect coalmine goaf areas based on rock resistivity. The data processing using wavelet transform, three point smoothing, RES2 DINV and Maxwell processing software to obtain 2D resistivity structure. The results showed that the layers with maximum resistivity values(30e33 U m on Line 1, 30e31 U m on Line 2, 32e40 U m on Line3) are founded at station 1e7, and 14e20 on Line 1,13e18 on Line 2, and 8e13 and 16e20 on Line 3 which is predicted as goaf layer, and the minimum resistivity values(20e26 U m of TEM, 45e75 U m of HDRM) at the other layers. This resistivity difference was caused by the geology and characteristics of the study area which is located close by the cleugh with rich coal, so the goaf area distinguishable with aquifer layer and coal seam. The results were also significant accidents and serious destruction of ecological environment.展开更多
The authors employ the high-density resistivity method to image the subsurface structure of a mountain in Erdaojiang District,Tonghua City,Jilin Province,China,to evaluate the potential risk of slope failure on surrou...The authors employ the high-density resistivity method to image the subsurface structure of a mountain in Erdaojiang District,Tonghua City,Jilin Province,China,to evaluate the potential risk of slope failure on surrounding residential areas and infrastructure,and identify a shallow fault that extends across the center of the mountain and is perpendicular to the mountain slope and accurately locate the spatial position and depth of another fault on the southern side of the mountain.The results provide an important basis for evaluating mountain slope stability.This study also demonstrates that the high-density resistivity method is effective for detecting mountain faults.展开更多
By determining the distribution and extent of geological structures surrounding the Mingyan Tunnel,Xicheng Town,Helong City,Jilin Province,we can evaluate the stability of the rock mass and assess potential hazards du...By determining the distribution and extent of geological structures surrounding the Mingyan Tunnel,Xicheng Town,Helong City,Jilin Province,we can evaluate the stability of the rock mass and assess potential hazards during tunnel construction.We use the high-density resistivity method to analyze the subsurface structure of the study area.Conductive anomalies are likely to represent joint and fissure systems within strongly weathered host rocks,and the bedrock surrounding the tunnel is relatively stable and does not contain well-developed faults.High-density resistivity analysis can provide valuable information in the context of tunnel engineering and safety.展开更多
High-density electrical method has been proved to be an effective method for probing shallow sedimentary layers.It is principally used to identify the boundary between the Quaternary soil layer and bedrock according t...High-density electrical method has been proved to be an effective method for probing shallow sedimentary layers.It is principally used to identify the boundary between the Quaternary soil layer and bedrock according to the vertical change of apparent resistivity.However,the artificial filling layer has the characteristics of heterogeneity and high porosity,which makes it challenging to detect the artificial filling layer by high-density electrical method.The key to solve this problem is to detect the difference of conductivity between the filling layer and the underlying bedrock.This paper takes the land in Chengjiangshan area of Huaibei City,Anhui Province as the detection target.On the basis of fully analyzing the physical properties of the artificial filling layer,two-dimensional high-density electrical survey and inversion are used to define the thickness of the artificial filling layer.The research shows that the highdensity resistivity method has obvious advantages in delineating the distribution of bedrock and the thickness of the filling layer,and the reliability of the high-density electrical method in the detection of the artificial filling layer,and delineates the scope of the filling layer is verified by the borehole data.展开更多
Some unfavorable geological conditions can affect the construction of tunnels.In order to evaluate the damage degree of tunnel construction and determine the surrounding rock grade and stability of the tunnel,the auth...Some unfavorable geological conditions can affect the construction of tunnels.In order to evaluate the damage degree of tunnel construction and determine the surrounding rock grade and stability of the tunnel,the authors used high-density resistivity method to detect the surrounding rocks of Shimodong tunnel in Xicheng Town of Helong City.The underground resistivity structures of the entrance,exit and middle parts of the tunnel are obtained.Through analysis,it is found that there are no bedrock faults near the tunnel,although some joints and fissures are developed in some locations,which are characterized by low-resistivity anomalies.The tunnel structures are stable overall,favorable for safe and efficient construction.The study also proves the good application effect of the high-density resistivity method in tunnel safety detection.展开更多
The authors employ the high-density resistivity method during an archaeological investigation of Sumicheng site,an ancient city of the Tang Dynasty,to find evidence of human activities and locate a favorable target fo...The authors employ the high-density resistivity method during an archaeological investigation of Sumicheng site,an ancient city of the Tang Dynasty,to find evidence of human activities and locate a favorable target for archaeological excavation in the southern part of the outer city.There are two obvious high-resistivity structures,the south wall of the inner city and an ancient building near the south gate along the outer city wall,of which the resistivities are indicative of rammed soil foundations.The south wall of the inner city is continuous but is cut off abruptly to the east,which we suggest it is due to either wall damage or destruction.The resistivity signature of the target area is verified by archaeological excavation,proving the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing the high-density resistivity method for archaeological exploration.展开更多
High-density resistivity imaging method is widely used in landslide monitoring.The resistivity of rock and soil is closely related to factors,such as porosity,moisture content,saturation and temperature.In this study,...High-density resistivity imaging method is widely used in landslide monitoring.The resistivity of rock and soil is closely related to factors,such as porosity,moisture content,saturation and temperature.In this study,the resistivity test was designed to investigate the influence of physical factors and pore solution components on the resistivity of landslide soil.Experimental and analytical results find that both moisture content and volumetric water content varies greatly under the same resistivity.At different temperatures,soil resistivity exhibits great changes.Under the same temperature,the ion concentration and species in pore solutions have great influence on soil resistivity.Based on the test results and grey correlation analysis,this study established a resistivity model by considering porosity,saturation,temperature and ion concentration.The study lays a foundation for the high-density resistivity method to measure the moisture content of landslides.展开更多
The hull form optimization concerns one of the most important applications of wave making resistance theories. In order to obtain a hull form with the minimum wave making resistance, an optimization design method base...The hull form optimization concerns one of the most important applications of wave making resistance theories. In order to obtain a hull form with the minimum wave making resistance, an optimization design method based on the CFD is proposed, which combines the Rankine source method with the nonlinear programming (NLP). The bow-body shape is optimized with the minimum wave making resistance as the objective function. A hull form modification function is introduced to represent an improved hull surface, which can be used to generate a new smooth hull surface by multiplying it by the offset data of the original hull surface. The parameters of the hull form modification function are taken as the design variables. Other constraint conditions can also be considered, for example, in optimizing the lines of the bow, appropriate displacements can be taken as the basic constraints. S60 hull form is selected as the original hull. Three improved hulls are obtained by optimal design. Rankine source method proves to be an effective method in ship form optimization based on analysis of the resistance performance and lines of the improved hull.展开更多
Drilling a well randomly would lead to high uncertainties and could not meet the demand of water supply from the increasing population.It is in dire need to improve success rate of well drilling.The high-density resis...Drilling a well randomly would lead to high uncertainties and could not meet the demand of water supply from the increasing population.It is in dire need to improve success rate of well drilling.The high-density resistivity method offers us a good choice.In this study,high-density resistivity method is used for groundwater survey in five villages in the Taobei District of Baicheng.The data obtained by high-density resistivity method is inverted through Res2dinv software.It is found that the electrical structure is characterized by a horizontal layer distribution,and the resistivity shows a"high-medium low-low"feature from shallow to deep.Moreover,obvious electrical gradient zones are identified in the strata below each section,which are interpreted as tectonic weak zones,i.e.,the faults.The low-resistance anomaly areas are inferred to be favorable aquifers.The results show that high-density resistivity exploration is an efficient and practical method for determining water well sites in rural areas and can provide a guide for finding water resources in the area.展开更多
Drilling into a geopressured zone will generally cause a change in a number of basic formation/ drilling relationships. This change is usually seen as a reversal of a gradual depth related trend in a lithologically un...Drilling into a geopressured zone will generally cause a change in a number of basic formation/ drilling relationships. This change is usually seen as a reversal of a gradual depth related trend in a lithologically uniform formation. Of all the geophysical methods, the reflection seismic method is essentially the only technique used to predict pore pressures. The seismic method detects changes of interval velocity with depth from velocity analysis of the seismic data. These changes are in turn related to lithology, pore fluid type, rock fracturing and pressure changes within a stratigraphic column. When the factors affecting the velocity are understood for a given area, a successful pressure prediction can be made. For clastic environments such as the Tertiary section of the Gulf of Mexico or the Niger delta, the interval velocity of the rocks increases with depth because of compaction. In these areas, deviations from normal compaction trends are related to abnormally high pore pressures. The adapted methods provide a much easier way to handle normal compaction trend lines. In addition to well log methods, pressure detection can be obtained via drilling parameters by applying Eaton’s DXC methods. Seismic velocities have long been used to estimate pore pressure, indeed both these quantities are influenced by variations in rock properties such as porosity, density, effective stress and so on, and high pore pressure zones are often associated with low seismic velocities. Pressure prediction from seismic data is based on fundamentals of rock physics and seismic attribute analysis. This paper hence tries to assess the use of seismic waves as a viable means to calculate pore pressure, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found. Then we applied these methods on LAGIA-8 well, Sinai, Egypt as a case study. Pore pressure prediction from Seismic is a very essential tool to predict pore pressure before drilling operation. This could prevent the well problem as well blowout and to prevent formation damage, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found.展开更多
Drilling into a geopressured zone will generally cause a change in a number of basic formation/ drilling relationships. This change is usually seen as a reversal of a gradual depth related trend in a lithologically un...Drilling into a geopressured zone will generally cause a change in a number of basic formation/ drilling relationships. This change is usually seen as a reversal of a gradual depth related trend in a lithologically uniform formation. Of all the geophysical methods, the reflection seismic method is essentially the only technique used to predict pore pressures. The seismic method detects changes of interval velocity with depth from velocity analysis of the seismic data. These changes are in turn related to lithology, pore fluid type, rock fracturing and pressure changes within a stratigraphic column. When the factors affecting the velocity are understood for a given area, a successful pressure prediction can be made. For clastic environments such as the Tertiary section of the Gulf of Mexico or the Niger delta, the interval velocity of the rocks increases with depth because of compaction. In these areas, deviations from normal compaction trends are related to abnormally high pore pressures. The adapted methods provide a much easier way to handle normal compaction trend lines. In addition to well log methods, pressure detection can be obtained via drilling parameters by applying Eaton’s DXC methods. Seismic velocities have long been used to estimate pore pressure, indeed both these quantities are influenced by variations in rock properties such as porosity, density, effective stress and so on, and high pore pressure zones are often associated with low seismic velocities. Pressure prediction from seismic data is based on fundamentals of rock physics and seismic attribute analysis. This paper hence tries to assess the use of seismic waves as a viable means to calculate pore pressure, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found. Then we applied these methods on LAGIA-8 well, Sinai, Egypt as a case study. Pore pressure prediction from Seismic is a very essential tool to predict pore pressure before drilling operation. This could prevent the well problem as well blowout and to prevent formation damage, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found.展开更多
Earthen sites are widely distributed throughout China, and most of them belong to archaeological sites with significant values, which not only directly witness the origin, formation and development of Chinese civiliza...Earthen sites are widely distributed throughout China, and most of them belong to archaeological sites with significant values, which not only directly witness the origin, formation and development of Chinese civilization, but also possess important values for conservation and exhibition. Many researches and practices on their conservation and consolidation have been carried out; however, the consolidation effect is mainly judged by visual observation and expert evaluation. Scientific assessment of conservation and consolidation effects is a challenging issue. Many instruments in other fields cannot be directly applied to the conservation of cultural relics due to their peculiarity. In order to assess the effects of field conservation experiments, this paper tries to understand the consolidation effects at Liangzhu site using nondestructive or micro-damage methods, including thermo-physical parameters testing, infrared thermal imaging, high-density microelectrode resistivity testing, portable microscope observation, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic testing, and thereby explores the practicable methods for evaluating the properties of consolidation materials for earthen sites treatment.展开更多
In order to stody the effect of a traditional Chinese medical treating method (StrengtheningBody Resistance Method) on asthma attack, asthmatic patients of either Cold type or Heat type were dividedinto two groups and...In order to stody the effect of a traditional Chinese medical treating method (StrengtheningBody Resistance Method) on asthma attack, asthmatic patients of either Cold type or Heat type were dividedinto two groups and treated with tlie Chinese methods ' Zhibiao' I symptomatic treatments, as the controlgroup) and 'Biaoben Jianzhi' (treating both the secondary and principal aspects of a disease, as the testgroup) respectively. The results showed tliat the markedly effective rates were higher in ttie two ' BiaobenJianzhi' groups than that in the two 'Zhibiao' groups. After treatment, the changeS of one second forced ex-piratory volume (FEV1) and the peak expiratory flow of patients of the former were also greater than those otthe latter; the proportion of cells carrying human leukocyte antigen class II(HLA-DR+ cell) , the baSOphiliccoll releasing capacity I HBR) and the T coll hyperplasia resporise to specific allergens of patients of the'Biaoben Jianzhi' groiJps were all redced while those of the 'Zhibiao' groiJps chafiged little. These resultssuggested that the 'Strengthening Body Resistaiice method' played an important role in regulating immunityfor relieving asthma attack.展开更多
文摘According to computer numerical simulation for measuring atmosphere carbon potential by electric resistance method (hot-wire method) and the experimental data, the paper point out that the measuring result dose not directly reflect the atmosphere carbon potential (Cg) but the average carbon content, and as a result, the change of electric resistance obviously lag to that of the atmosphere carbon potential. In order to correctly control the carbon potential by electric resistance method, the authors bring forward a function which is a better expression for the relationship between the average carbon content of the wire and the atmosphere carbon potential and ensures good carbon potential control.
文摘To establish a standard system for geneticstudies on sheath blight resistance, a field testwas conducted at the experimental farm ofYangzhou University to compare several pro-cedures for inoculating rice plants with R.solani Kuhn (RH9). The varieties used wereJasmine 85, Teqing (resistant or moderatelyresistant), and Lemont (susceptible). They
文摘The disaster of seawater intrusion seriously affects people's lives and restricts economic development,so the detection and treatment of seawater intrusion is a long-term task.On the basis of field investigation and water quality analysis,according to the change characteristics of apparent resistivity of groundwater after Cl-reaches 250 mg/L,the theoretical basis for the application of high-density resistivity method was determined,and the characteristic values of apparent resistivity for seawater intrusion interfaces in different geological characteristic regions in Laizhou Bay area were determined by typical profile tests.Combined with water quality investigation and other means,profiles for the high-density resistivity method were arranged,and the interfaces between saline and fresh water were accurately divided.
文摘In Brazil and various regions globally, the initiation of landslides is frequently associated with rainfall;yet the spatial arrangement of geological structures and stratification considerably influences landslide occurrences. The multifaceted nature of these influences makes the surveillance of mass movements a highly intricate task, requiring an understanding of numerous interdependent variables. Recent years have seen an emergence in scholarly research aimed at integrating geophysical and geotechnical methodologies. The conjoint examination of geophysical and geotechnical data offers an enhanced perspective into subsurface structures. Within this work, a methodology is proposed for the synchronous analysis of electrical resistivity geophysical data and geotechnical data, specifically those extracted from the Light Dynamic Penetrometer (DPL) and Standard Penetration Test (SPT). This study involved a linear fitting process to correlate resistivity with N10/SPT N-values from DPL/SPT soundings, culminating in a 2D profile of N10/SPT N-values predicated on electrical profiles. The findings of this research furnish invaluable insights into slope stability by allowing for a two-dimensional representation of penetration resistance properties. Through the synthesis of geophysical and geotechnical data, this project aims to augment the comprehension of subsurface conditions, with potential implications for refining landslide risk evaluations. This endeavor offers insight into the formulation of more effective and precise slope management protocols and disaster prevention strategies.
文摘We have recently developed a systematic method for the study on the inheritance of resistance to sheath blight. The key of the system is an innovated method of inoculation and investigation along with the employment of the permanent population. This paper reported the procedure of the system and the result of its verification.
基金financially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M662130)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51674002)
文摘Resistance in iron ore undergoes a sharp change of up to several orders of magnitude when the sintered solid phase changes to liquid phase.In view of the insufficiency of existing assimilation detection methods,a timing-of-assimilation reaction is proposed,which was judged by continuously detecting the changes in resistance at the reaction interface.Effects of pole position and additional amounts of iron ore on assimilation reaction timing were investigated.The results showed that the suitable depth of pole groove was about 2 mm,and there was no obvious impact when the distance of the poles changed from 4 to 6 mm,or the amount of iron ore changed from 0.4 to 0.6 g.The temperature of sudden change of resistance in the temperature-resistant image was considered to be the lowest assimilation temperature of iron ore.The accuracy of this resistance method was clarified by X-ray diffraction,optical microscope,and scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer(SEM/EDS)analyses.
文摘On the basis of a macro flow resistance method and the Darcy Theory,a mathematical model is elaborated to characterize the flow resistance of a bag filter serving a coal-fired power plant.The development of the theoretical model is supported through acquisition of relevant data obtained by scanning the micro structure of the bag filter by means of an electron microscope.The influence of the running time and boiler load on the flow resistance and the impact of the flow resistance on the efficiency of the induced draft fan are analyzed by comparing the results of on-site operation tests.We show that the initial operation time and the table operation time are linearly related to the flow resistance of the bag filter;with the increase of boiler load,the flow resistance of the bag filter rises approximately as a quadratic function;with the rise of resistance,the power consumption of the induced draft fan increases while the efficiency of the induced draft fan decreases.
基金supported by the Institute of Seismology Foundation, China Earthquake Administration (201326126)
文摘The research about subsurface characteristics by using transient electromagnetic method(TEM) and high density resistivity method(HDRM) were already conducted in Ordos. The objective of this research is to detect coalmine goaf areas based on rock resistivity. The data processing using wavelet transform, three point smoothing, RES2 DINV and Maxwell processing software to obtain 2D resistivity structure. The results showed that the layers with maximum resistivity values(30e33 U m on Line 1, 30e31 U m on Line 2, 32e40 U m on Line3) are founded at station 1e7, and 14e20 on Line 1,13e18 on Line 2, and 8e13 and 16e20 on Line 3 which is predicted as goaf layer, and the minimum resistivity values(20e26 U m of TEM, 45e75 U m of HDRM) at the other layers. This resistivity difference was caused by the geology and characteristics of the study area which is located close by the cleugh with rich coal, so the goaf area distinguishable with aquifer layer and coal seam. The results were also significant accidents and serious destruction of ecological environment.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2017YFC0601305)。
文摘The authors employ the high-density resistivity method to image the subsurface structure of a mountain in Erdaojiang District,Tonghua City,Jilin Province,China,to evaluate the potential risk of slope failure on surrounding residential areas and infrastructure,and identify a shallow fault that extends across the center of the mountain and is perpendicular to the mountain slope and accurately locate the spatial position and depth of another fault on the southern side of the mountain.The results provide an important basis for evaluating mountain slope stability.This study also demonstrates that the high-density resistivity method is effective for detecting mountain faults.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41504076)Jilin Science and Technological Development Program(20180101093JC)。
文摘By determining the distribution and extent of geological structures surrounding the Mingyan Tunnel,Xicheng Town,Helong City,Jilin Province,we can evaluate the stability of the rock mass and assess potential hazards during tunnel construction.We use the high-density resistivity method to analyze the subsurface structure of the study area.Conductive anomalies are likely to represent joint and fissure systems within strongly weathered host rocks,and the bedrock surrounding the tunnel is relatively stable and does not contain well-developed faults.High-density resistivity analysis can provide valuable information in the context of tunnel engineering and safety.
文摘High-density electrical method has been proved to be an effective method for probing shallow sedimentary layers.It is principally used to identify the boundary between the Quaternary soil layer and bedrock according to the vertical change of apparent resistivity.However,the artificial filling layer has the characteristics of heterogeneity and high porosity,which makes it challenging to detect the artificial filling layer by high-density electrical method.The key to solve this problem is to detect the difference of conductivity between the filling layer and the underlying bedrock.This paper takes the land in Chengjiangshan area of Huaibei City,Anhui Province as the detection target.On the basis of fully analyzing the physical properties of the artificial filling layer,two-dimensional high-density electrical survey and inversion are used to define the thickness of the artificial filling layer.The research shows that the highdensity resistivity method has obvious advantages in delineating the distribution of bedrock and the thickness of the filling layer,and the reliability of the high-density electrical method in the detection of the artificial filling layer,and delineates the scope of the filling layer is verified by the borehole data.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0601305)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Some unfavorable geological conditions can affect the construction of tunnels.In order to evaluate the damage degree of tunnel construction and determine the surrounding rock grade and stability of the tunnel,the authors used high-density resistivity method to detect the surrounding rocks of Shimodong tunnel in Xicheng Town of Helong City.The underground resistivity structures of the entrance,exit and middle parts of the tunnel are obtained.Through analysis,it is found that there are no bedrock faults near the tunnel,although some joints and fissures are developed in some locations,which are characterized by low-resistivity anomalies.The tunnel structures are stable overall,favorable for safe and efficient construction.The study also proves the good application effect of the high-density resistivity method in tunnel safety detection.
基金projects of Jilin Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology(No.3S318B564423)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC0601305)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The authors employ the high-density resistivity method during an archaeological investigation of Sumicheng site,an ancient city of the Tang Dynasty,to find evidence of human activities and locate a favorable target for archaeological excavation in the southern part of the outer city.There are two obvious high-resistivity structures,the south wall of the inner city and an ancient building near the south gate along the outer city wall,of which the resistivities are indicative of rammed soil foundations.The south wall of the inner city is continuous but is cut off abruptly to the east,which we suggest it is due to either wall damage or destruction.The resistivity signature of the target area is verified by archaeological excavation,proving the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing the high-density resistivity method for archaeological exploration.
基金supported by Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Slope Habitat Construction Technique Using Cement-based Materials(China Three Gorges University)No.2022SNJ15。
文摘High-density resistivity imaging method is widely used in landslide monitoring.The resistivity of rock and soil is closely related to factors,such as porosity,moisture content,saturation and temperature.In this study,the resistivity test was designed to investigate the influence of physical factors and pore solution components on the resistivity of landslide soil.Experimental and analytical results find that both moisture content and volumetric water content varies greatly under the same resistivity.At different temperatures,soil resistivity exhibits great changes.Under the same temperature,the ion concentration and species in pore solutions have great influence on soil resistivity.Based on the test results and grey correlation analysis,this study established a resistivity model by considering porosity,saturation,temperature and ion concentration.The study lays a foundation for the high-density resistivity method to measure the moisture content of landslides.
文摘The hull form optimization concerns one of the most important applications of wave making resistance theories. In order to obtain a hull form with the minimum wave making resistance, an optimization design method based on the CFD is proposed, which combines the Rankine source method with the nonlinear programming (NLP). The bow-body shape is optimized with the minimum wave making resistance as the objective function. A hull form modification function is introduced to represent an improved hull surface, which can be used to generate a new smooth hull surface by multiplying it by the offset data of the original hull surface. The parameters of the hull form modification function are taken as the design variables. Other constraint conditions can also be considered, for example, in optimizing the lines of the bow, appropriate displacements can be taken as the basic constraints. S60 hull form is selected as the original hull. Three improved hulls are obtained by optimal design. Rankine source method proves to be an effective method in ship form optimization based on analysis of the resistance performance and lines of the improved hull.
基金Project of the National Natural Science Foundation(No.41874125).
文摘Drilling a well randomly would lead to high uncertainties and could not meet the demand of water supply from the increasing population.It is in dire need to improve success rate of well drilling.The high-density resistivity method offers us a good choice.In this study,high-density resistivity method is used for groundwater survey in five villages in the Taobei District of Baicheng.The data obtained by high-density resistivity method is inverted through Res2dinv software.It is found that the electrical structure is characterized by a horizontal layer distribution,and the resistivity shows a"high-medium low-low"feature from shallow to deep.Moreover,obvious electrical gradient zones are identified in the strata below each section,which are interpreted as tectonic weak zones,i.e.,the faults.The low-resistance anomaly areas are inferred to be favorable aquifers.The results show that high-density resistivity exploration is an efficient and practical method for determining water well sites in rural areas and can provide a guide for finding water resources in the area.
文摘Drilling into a geopressured zone will generally cause a change in a number of basic formation/ drilling relationships. This change is usually seen as a reversal of a gradual depth related trend in a lithologically uniform formation. Of all the geophysical methods, the reflection seismic method is essentially the only technique used to predict pore pressures. The seismic method detects changes of interval velocity with depth from velocity analysis of the seismic data. These changes are in turn related to lithology, pore fluid type, rock fracturing and pressure changes within a stratigraphic column. When the factors affecting the velocity are understood for a given area, a successful pressure prediction can be made. For clastic environments such as the Tertiary section of the Gulf of Mexico or the Niger delta, the interval velocity of the rocks increases with depth because of compaction. In these areas, deviations from normal compaction trends are related to abnormally high pore pressures. The adapted methods provide a much easier way to handle normal compaction trend lines. In addition to well log methods, pressure detection can be obtained via drilling parameters by applying Eaton’s DXC methods. Seismic velocities have long been used to estimate pore pressure, indeed both these quantities are influenced by variations in rock properties such as porosity, density, effective stress and so on, and high pore pressure zones are often associated with low seismic velocities. Pressure prediction from seismic data is based on fundamentals of rock physics and seismic attribute analysis. This paper hence tries to assess the use of seismic waves as a viable means to calculate pore pressure, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found. Then we applied these methods on LAGIA-8 well, Sinai, Egypt as a case study. Pore pressure prediction from Seismic is a very essential tool to predict pore pressure before drilling operation. This could prevent the well problem as well blowout and to prevent formation damage, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found.
文摘Drilling into a geopressured zone will generally cause a change in a number of basic formation/ drilling relationships. This change is usually seen as a reversal of a gradual depth related trend in a lithologically uniform formation. Of all the geophysical methods, the reflection seismic method is essentially the only technique used to predict pore pressures. The seismic method detects changes of interval velocity with depth from velocity analysis of the seismic data. These changes are in turn related to lithology, pore fluid type, rock fracturing and pressure changes within a stratigraphic column. When the factors affecting the velocity are understood for a given area, a successful pressure prediction can be made. For clastic environments such as the Tertiary section of the Gulf of Mexico or the Niger delta, the interval velocity of the rocks increases with depth because of compaction. In these areas, deviations from normal compaction trends are related to abnormally high pore pressures. The adapted methods provide a much easier way to handle normal compaction trend lines. In addition to well log methods, pressure detection can be obtained via drilling parameters by applying Eaton’s DXC methods. Seismic velocities have long been used to estimate pore pressure, indeed both these quantities are influenced by variations in rock properties such as porosity, density, effective stress and so on, and high pore pressure zones are often associated with low seismic velocities. Pressure prediction from seismic data is based on fundamentals of rock physics and seismic attribute analysis. This paper hence tries to assess the use of seismic waves as a viable means to calculate pore pressure, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found. Then we applied these methods on LAGIA-8 well, Sinai, Egypt as a case study. Pore pressure prediction from Seismic is a very essential tool to predict pore pressure before drilling operation. This could prevent the well problem as well blowout and to prevent formation damage, especially in areas where no prior drilling history can be found.
基金supported by the National"12th Five-Year"Plan for Science and Technology Support(Grant No.2014BAK16B02)the Key Project of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage(Grant No.20120207)the Project on Basic Research of Gansu Province's Innovation Group(Grant No.145RJIF336)
文摘Earthen sites are widely distributed throughout China, and most of them belong to archaeological sites with significant values, which not only directly witness the origin, formation and development of Chinese civilization, but also possess important values for conservation and exhibition. Many researches and practices on their conservation and consolidation have been carried out; however, the consolidation effect is mainly judged by visual observation and expert evaluation. Scientific assessment of conservation and consolidation effects is a challenging issue. Many instruments in other fields cannot be directly applied to the conservation of cultural relics due to their peculiarity. In order to assess the effects of field conservation experiments, this paper tries to understand the consolidation effects at Liangzhu site using nondestructive or micro-damage methods, including thermo-physical parameters testing, infrared thermal imaging, high-density microelectrode resistivity testing, portable microscope observation, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic testing, and thereby explores the practicable methods for evaluating the properties of consolidation materials for earthen sites treatment.
文摘In order to stody the effect of a traditional Chinese medical treating method (StrengtheningBody Resistance Method) on asthma attack, asthmatic patients of either Cold type or Heat type were dividedinto two groups and treated with tlie Chinese methods ' Zhibiao' I symptomatic treatments, as the controlgroup) and 'Biaoben Jianzhi' (treating both the secondary and principal aspects of a disease, as the testgroup) respectively. The results showed tliat the markedly effective rates were higher in ttie two ' BiaobenJianzhi' groups than that in the two 'Zhibiao' groups. After treatment, the changeS of one second forced ex-piratory volume (FEV1) and the peak expiratory flow of patients of the former were also greater than those otthe latter; the proportion of cells carrying human leukocyte antigen class II(HLA-DR+ cell) , the baSOphiliccoll releasing capacity I HBR) and the T coll hyperplasia resporise to specific allergens of patients of the'Biaoben Jianzhi' groiJps were all redced while those of the 'Zhibiao' groiJps chafiged little. These resultssuggested that the 'Strengthening Body Resistaiice method' played an important role in regulating immunityfor relieving asthma attack.