A universal and low-cost temperature thermometer is realized via a special circuit,integrated circuit chip with microprocessor and analog to digital converter,and digital bus interface.Various thermocouples and resist...A universal and low-cost temperature thermometer is realized via a special circuit,integrated circuit chip with microprocessor and analog to digital converter,and digital bus interface.Various thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors used for temperature sensing may be connected to same thermometer.A special signal condition circuitry is designed and a matching algorithm is proposed.A novel calibration method named disassembled calibration is proposed in order to enhance efficiency and flexibility for the whole system.Additionally,it presents a combination method of low order polynomial fitting and piecewise linearity for the nonlinearity calibration of the thermocouple and the resistance temperature detector.A cold junction compensation based on digital way is described.And the matching algorithm and calibration method may eliminate errors stemming from excitation voltage source and reference voltage source,and can weaken quantization error of analog to digital converter and drift of components,too.Furthermore,the 400 times oversampling is completed by sequential and equal interval sampling to upgrade accuracy of analog to digital converter from original 12 to 15 bits and to raise signal-to-noise ratio.Finally,during a long time monitoring,experiment results show that errors at each static point are less than±0.2°C for the thermocouple system and less than±0.1°C for the resistance temperature detector system.展开更多
A series of well-designed deflectors were used to regulate the liquid flow behaviour on the 95-Ⅱ tray. A multiple-plug flow pattern was observed in each liquid flow channel between two deflectors on the tray.On a tes...A series of well-designed deflectors were used to regulate the liquid flow behaviour on the 95-Ⅱ tray. A multiple-plug flow pattern was observed in each liquid flow channel between two deflectors on the tray.On a test rig with a diameter of 1000 mm, the liquid layer temperature profiles in the vertical and horizontal directions were measured by resistivity thermal detectors(RTDs).An oxygen desorption experiment was carried out and the oxygen concentration in the inlet liquid and the outlet liquid were determined by iodimetry,through which the liquid phrase Murphree tray efficiency(E ML) was calculated. The results show that the well-designed and placed deflectors on the tray can obviously increase the tray efficiency by almost 30% under the same operating conditions.展开更多
基金the Beijing Municipal Education Commission Science Technology Fund(No.KM201411232015)the Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Teacher Career Development for Universities and Colleges Under Beijing Municipality(No.IDHT20130519)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61272375)
文摘A universal and low-cost temperature thermometer is realized via a special circuit,integrated circuit chip with microprocessor and analog to digital converter,and digital bus interface.Various thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors used for temperature sensing may be connected to same thermometer.A special signal condition circuitry is designed and a matching algorithm is proposed.A novel calibration method named disassembled calibration is proposed in order to enhance efficiency and flexibility for the whole system.Additionally,it presents a combination method of low order polynomial fitting and piecewise linearity for the nonlinearity calibration of the thermocouple and the resistance temperature detector.A cold junction compensation based on digital way is described.And the matching algorithm and calibration method may eliminate errors stemming from excitation voltage source and reference voltage source,and can weaken quantization error of analog to digital converter and drift of components,too.Furthermore,the 400 times oversampling is completed by sequential and equal interval sampling to upgrade accuracy of analog to digital converter from original 12 to 15 bits and to raise signal-to-noise ratio.Finally,during a long time monitoring,experiment results show that errors at each static point are less than±0.2°C for the thermocouple system and less than±0.1°C for the resistance temperature detector system.
文摘A series of well-designed deflectors were used to regulate the liquid flow behaviour on the 95-Ⅱ tray. A multiple-plug flow pattern was observed in each liquid flow channel between two deflectors on the tray.On a test rig with a diameter of 1000 mm, the liquid layer temperature profiles in the vertical and horizontal directions were measured by resistivity thermal detectors(RTDs).An oxygen desorption experiment was carried out and the oxygen concentration in the inlet liquid and the outlet liquid were determined by iodimetry,through which the liquid phrase Murphree tray efficiency(E ML) was calculated. The results show that the well-designed and placed deflectors on the tray can obviously increase the tray efficiency by almost 30% under the same operating conditions.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61076110)Supported by Zhejiang Key Discipline of Instrument Science and Technology(JL130101)
