Geological reservoir and resource potential(10^(13)m^(3))of gas hydrates in the South China Sea

A detailed understanding of the distribution and potential of natural gas hydrate(NGHs)resources is crucial to fostering the industrialization of those resources in the South China Sea,where NGHs are abundant.In this study,this study analyzed the applicability of resource evaluation methods,including the volumetric,genesis,and analogy methods,and estimated NGHs resource potential in the South China Sea by using scientific resource evaluation methods based on the factors controlling the geological accumulation and the reservoir characteristics of NGHs.Furthermore,this study compared the evaluation results of NGHs resource evaluations in representative worldwise sea areas via rational analysis.The results of this study are as follows:(1)The gas hydrate accumulation in the South China Sea is characterized by multiple sources of gas supply,multi-channel migration,and extensive accumulation,which are significantly different from those of oil and gas and other unconventional resources.(2)The evaluation of gas hydrate resources in the South China Sea is a highly targeted,stratified,and multidisciplinary evaluation of geological resources under the framework of a multi-type gas hydrate resource evaluation system and focuses on the comprehensive utilization of multi-source heterogeneous data.(3)Global NGHs resources is n×10^(15)m^(3),while the NGHs resources in the South China Sea are estimated to be 10^(13)m^(3),which is comparable to the abundance of typical marine NGHs deposits in other parts of the world.In the South China Sea,the NGHs resources have a broad prospect and provide a substantial resource base for production tests and industrialization of NGHs.

Growth behavior and resource potential evaluation of gas hydrate in core fractures in Qilian Mountain permafrost area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Qilian Mountain permafrost area located in the northern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a favorable place for natural gas hydrate formation and enrichment,due to its well-developed fractures and abundant gas sources.Understanding the formation and distribution of multi-component gas hydrates in fractures is crucial in accurately evaluating the hydrate reservoir resources in this area.The hydrate formation experiments were carried out using the core samples drilled from hydrate-bearing sediments in Qilian Mountain permafrost area and the multi-component gas with similar composition to natural gas hydrates in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.The formation and distribution characteristics of multi-component gas hydrates in core samples were observed in situ by X-ray Computed Tomography(X-CT)under high pressure and low temperature conditions.Results show that hydrates are mainly formed and distributed in the fractures with good connectivity.The ratios of volume of hydrates formed in fractures to the volume of fractures are about 96.8%and 60.67%in two different core samples.This indicates that the fracture surface may act as a favorable reaction site for hydrate formation in core samples.Based on the field geological data and the experimental results,it is preliminarily estimated that the inventory of methane stored in the fractured gas hydrate in Qilian Mountain permafrost area is about 8.67×1013 m3,with a resource abundance of 8.67×108 m3/km2.This study demonstrates the great resource potential of fractured gas hydrate and also provides a new way to further understand the prospect of natural gas hydrate and other oil and gas resources in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.

The temporal and spatial patterns and potential evaluation of China＇s energy resources development

The issue of China＇s energy supply security is not only the key problem which af- fects China＇s rapid and sustainable development in the 21st century, but also the one which international attention focuses on. Based on the notable characteristic of spatial imbalance between energy production and consumption in China, this paper takes the evolution of China＇s primary energy resources development（excluding hydropower） from 1949 to 2007 as the study object, with the aim to sum up the evolutive characteristics and laws of China＇s energy resources development in the past nearly 60 years. Then, based on comprehensive considerations of coal＇s, oil＇s and natural gas＇s basic reserves, qualities, geological conditions production status, and ecological service function of every province, this paper adopts development potential index （DP）to evaluate the development potential of every province＇s en- ergy resources, and divide them into different ranks. Conclusions are drawn as follows： （1） Generally speaking, China＇s gross energy production was increasing in waves from 1949 to 2007. From the viewpoint of spatial patterns, China＇s energy resources development has shown a characteristic of ＂concentrating to the north and central areas, and evolving from linear-shaped to ＂T-shaped＂ pattern gradually since 1949. （2） The structure evolution of China＇s energy resources development in general has shown a trend of ＂coal proportion is dominant but decreasing, while oil and gas proportions are increasing＂ since 1949. （3） At the provincial scale, China＇s energy resources development potential could be divided into large, sub-large, general and small ranks, four in all. In the future, the spatial pattern of China＇s energy production will evolve from ＂T-shaped＂ to ＂R-shaped pattern＂. These conclusions will help to clarify the temporal and spatial characteristics and laws of China＇s energy resources development, and will be beneficial for China to design scientific and rational energy development strategies and plans, coordinate spatial imbalance of energy production and consumption, ensure national energy supply, avoid energy resources waste and disorderly development, and promote regional sustainable development under the globalization back-ground with changeful international energy market.

Evaluation of Tourist Resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic Spots of Longtan National Forest Park

To further explore characteristics of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic spots in Longtan National Forest Park,Classification,Investigation and Evaluation of Tourist Resources(GB/T18972-2003) and Quality Grading of Scenic Resources in Forest Parks of China(GB/T18005-1999) were adopted to analyze composition and distribution features of tourist resources in Liuchong and Longtan Scenic Spots,qualitative evaluation of scenic resources in the 2 study scenic spots,quantitative evaluation of resource units and quality evaluation of tourist resources were respectively carried out.The results showed that the park has diversified tourist resources such as peaks,valleys,cliffs,brooks,waterfalls and forests,as well as rich animal and plant species and an excellent natural eco-environment;5 Grade-IV tourist landscapes,6 Grade-III tourist landscapes,14 Grade-II ones,4 Grade-I ones;quality of tourist resources was scored as 41.3,up to the scenic resource standards of Grade-I Forest Park.

Evaluation of Potential Land Productivity in Wulushan, West China

The general situation of the total land resources in Wulushan, West China was studied by field investigations with the aid of a GIS software, called Region Manager. The current status of land use in Wulushan is described. The potential land productivity was evaluated by a fuzzy comprehensive method, We take each plot as a basic unit of evaluation on the basis of an index system of land resources in Wulushan which was developed from the investigation data. Evaluation of potential land productivity is the key part of land management. A guideline is presented in this paper for a proper utilization of the land resources and to develop the productive capacity of the land.

Evaluation of groundwater potential and eco-geological environment quality in Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province

Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province has become an important commodity grain base in our country after the construction of more than a century. Groundwater is the main water source for industrial and agricultural production and daily life in the area. With the large-scale development and construction in this area, there are a series of ecological and environmental geological problems, such as the reduction of groundwater resources, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of local agriculture and society as well as economy. Based on the characteristics of three-dimensional flowof groundwater in Sanjiang Plain, this paper adopts the simulation software Visual MODFLOW to evaluate groundwater exploitation potential. The results show that overall there is a certain exploitation potential of Sanjiang Plain groundwater but it is unevenly distributed, and overdraft phenomenon exists in seven farms such as Baoquanling and Chuangye. Based on analytic hierarchy process, the evaluation result of eco-geological environment quality in Sanjiang Plain shows that 94.5% of the region features good geological environment quality, medium stability and medium bearing capacity. The study can provide geological evidence for optimal allocation of water resources, land planning and regulation, and the high and stable yield of the commodity grain base in Sanjiang Plain.

Evaluation and reasonable exploitation on the natural view resources of Lushan Mountain scenic spot

The paper carried on the classified and rating evaluation primarily on natural landscape resources in Lushan Mountain. According to the evaluation, exploiting and utilizing the situation of scenic spot natural landscape resources, some reasonable advices were given on further exploiting Lushan Mountain natural scenic spot, expecting that it could supply some theoretical references for the natural landscape resources sustainable development in Lushan Mountain in the future.

Classification of Villages in Wan’an County under the Background of Rural Revitalization

Rural revitalization strategy is an important strategic layout of rural development in the new era of the CPC Central Committee,and scientific and reasonable determination of village types is an important measure to promote rural revitalization by classification.The villages of Wan’an County were selected as the research object.Firstly,the factors that have a key impact on the development of the villages were extracted and qualitatively analyzed to preliminarily screen and judge their types.Secondly,the evaluation index system of development potential of the villages was constructed to quantitatively evaluate and reasonably classify the villages.Finally,the spatial distribution characteristics and quantity of different villages were revealed,and differentiated development strategies were proposed.

采灌均衡条件下地热资源潜力评价方法探讨——以雄安新区碳酸盐岩热储为例

回灌是保障地热资源可持续开发利用的关键手段,而采灌均衡条件下地热资源潜力评价方法研究对地热资源的可持续开发利用具有重要意义。本文通过引入热突破和考虑回灌条件下单井开采权益保护半径的概念,提出了回灌条件下地热资源可开采量的评价方法,并以雄安新区雾迷山组碳酸盐岩热储层为例,分别计算了未考虑回灌条件和考虑回灌条件下的地热流体可开采量、可开采热量及折合标煤量。结果显示采用开采系数法计算的未考虑回灌条件下的可开采量要远小于考虑回灌条件下的可开采量;考虑回灌条件下三种方法的结果对比为:热突破法>考虑回灌条件下单井开采权益保护半径(消耗15%)>考虑回灌条件下单井开采权益保护半径(热储温度下降2℃),考虑地热资源的可持续性以及对热储环境严格保护要求,按照考虑回灌条件下单井开采权益保护半径方法计算的雄安新区雾迷山组热储地热开采量更为适宜。目前全国各地陆续出台相关政策要求实施地热回灌,该方法的提出为科学评价各地回灌条件下的地热可开采量提供了技术支撑。

贵州无井式UCG选址选层“四性”地质评价模式与资源类型划分

为建立科学系统的“地质−工程”一体化地质风险评估模式,解决煤炭地下气化(UCG)选址选层难题,提出了一种以“建炉可行性、过程易控性、气化安全性、开发经济性”四性认识为基础,利用FAHP模糊层次分析法创建的包括4项一级指标、10项2级指标、26项3级关键地质参数的地质评价要素层次结构模型。该模型引入“阈值”概念,对断层指数、奥亚膨胀度、黏结指数、上覆含水层距离4项指标的超“阈值”情况实施“一票否决”,充分重视特定地质参数对UCG控制的关键作用;通过“两两判断矩阵”确定各指标权重向量,根据隶属函数厘定指标层隶属度;并提出了相应地质评价技术方法,配套建立了权重积、综合权重积以及最优3段分割等算法,将所涉及指标量化分析,精准判断资源类型与级别;同时基于矩阵结构混合编码方式,提出了“四性四级”五位编码的UCG资源类型表征系统。最终形成了以“四性”理论为基础,“算法”为骨架,“四性四级”五位编码为灵魂的科学化、系统化UCG选址选层地质评价体系。该评价体系可在多场耦合的UCG生产过程相关风险识别机制的前沿探索方面发挥关键作用,有效改善现有UCG风险识别理论局限于地质单方面,缺乏工程联系的问题,实现大区域的UCG量化选址选层,为省级乃至国家级煤炭地下气化战略规划提供解决途径,从而提出可供分步实施的典型地质条件先导性试验区建议,推动煤炭地下气化产业化进程。

南美地区油气地质特征及常规油气资源潜力

在分析南美油气地质特征的基础上,进行南美主要含油气盆地待发现常规油气资源评价,总结待发现油气资源分布规律,探讨其勘探前景。结果表明,受4大板块碰撞影响,南美沉积盆地可分成弧前、弧后、前陆、内克拉通和被动陆缘盆地5种类型。南美油气成藏条件优越,烃源岩以中新生界海相-陆相泥岩为主,生烃潜力大。储层以白垩系和第三系碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩为主,分布广泛。盖层中新生界区域性泥岩和盐岩为主,封堵能力强。采用以成藏组合为基础评价单元的资源评价方法,将南美65个盆地共划分出152个成藏组合,并进行了资源评价。预测南美65个主要含油气盆地的待发现石油可采资源量为263 716 MMB,待发现凝析油可采资源量为7 405 MMB,待发现天然气可采资源量为559 020 BCF。待发现油气资源在平面上呈“两带”展布、“两中心”富集特征;在纵向上主要富集于白垩系和第三系。被动陆缘盆地和前陆盆地是南美未来油气勘探的两个重点领域,其中深海和前陆冲断带是主要勘探方向,巴西、委内瑞拉是重点关注国家。

关于拓展非洲陆上页岩油项目的思考与建议

页岩油的工业性突破推动了世界石油工业发展,其相关评价技术与储层改造技术日趋成熟。非洲页岩油资源丰富,是我国海外重要的油气合作区和原油进口来源区。虽然非洲地区目前主要以常规油气勘探开发为主,但随着页岩油勘探技术的不断成熟及开发成本的下降,非洲地区必将进入常规油气与页岩油气并重的发展阶段。超前开展非洲地区页岩油资源潜力评价与技术储备,适时拓展非洲陆上页岩油项目,有助于我国企业进入非洲优质页岩油区块,提升非洲油气市场份额,促进多元化油气供给市场建设。为此,有必要开展非洲陆上含油气盆地页岩油资源潜力系统评价,建立评价数据库,为后续项目进入提供决策支持;加强页岩油项目与常规油气项目协同部署,助推中非油气合作高效可持续发展;加强页岩油勘探开发技术储备,为进入非洲陆上页岩油项目做好技术保障。

国土“三调”赋能下的耕地恢复潜力调查研究

恢复类地块是耕地资源的重要储备,充分认清恢复类地块资源的数量及恢复耕地潜力,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。本文全面介绍了耕地恢复潜力调查工作,并与耕地后备资源潜力调查模式进行了横向对比分析。基于“三调”基础数据,以广州市从化区耕地恢复潜力调查为研究对象,采用“3+2”的分段调查模式。第一阶段以图斑为单元,依现状核实“农作物种植/水产养殖类别”、“耕作便利度”和“水源保障”三类属性信息;第二阶段以村社为单元,核实记录“恢复成本”和“群众意愿”两类属性信息;最后,从地块恢复成本、水源供给和耕地质量等条件,进一步对恢复类耕地开发利用的工作方向提出建议。

中国重点海域海砂资源调查和潜力评价进展

总结了20世纪60年代到近年来中国海砂资源开发利用的发展历程,梳理了青岛海洋地质研究所已有的调查研究资料和数据。重点结合2005年至2016年中国地质调查局开展的“中国近海海砂及相关资源潜力调查”工作成果,评价了中国重点海域海砂资源潜力,归纳了海砂资源调查、评价以及开发现状,总结了海砂资源开采过程中的环境效应,分析了当前海砂资源调查研究和开发利用中的主要问题并提出了后续产业规划部署建议。

北方重要盆地油气资源战略选区调查工作进展

北方重要盆地蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,是我国陆上油气资源增储上产的重点地区。“十三五”以来,公益性油气地质调查聚焦国家需求,着力推进“四新”(即新区、新层系、新类型、新领域)油气调查与评价,强力支撑了油气体制改革,取得了塔西北沙井子构造带西段油气调查新发现,以及塔里木盆地数字化建设与选区评价、塔东北奥陶系、塔西北寒武系、三门峡盆地古近系和准东及其周缘地区石炭系油气基础调查等多项新进展;形成了数字盆地标准方案,塔里木盆地电阻率-极化率异常解释图版2项科技创新成果;支撑新疆地区油气勘查开采体制改革工作取得实效,助力企业在塔里木盆地东部超深层油气勘探快速实现新突破,有效推动地方经济和社会发展。

基于热传递减法集对势的区域水资源承载力评价

为有效评估区域水资源承载力系统演变特征并诊断脆弱性影响因素,引入物理学热传递思想,在集对分析传统减法集对势基础上进一步深化确定性项和不确定项之间的势差概念,构建了基于热传递减法集对势的区域水资源承载力评价方法,并应用于安徽省江淮丘陵区。结果表明:2011—2018年安徽省江淮丘陵区除合肥市外,其余地市水资源承载力水平整体有所改善,合肥市水资源承载力等级较低;人均水资源量、产水模数、生态用水率等因素是影响安徽省江淮丘陵区水资源承载力变化的重要脆弱性因素。整体而言,本文计算分析结果与传统减法集对势及半偏减法集对势计算结果基本一致,这表明构建的基于热传递减法集对势的水资源承载力评价方法计算结果合理有效,且丰富和发展了集对势的内涵,可为开展区域水资源承载力评价及脆弱性因素识别提供新的研究途径。

基于熵值修正BWM-TOPSIS法的山地村庄发展潜力评价与类型划分研究--以浙江省景宁畲族自治县沙湾片区为例

明确村庄发展潜力,科学识别村庄类型,是编制村庄规划、落实乡村振兴战略的基础支撑和必经之路。特别是对于因自身复杂的地形与地貌环境,大多数呈现交通不便、分布广与村庄规模小等特征的山地村庄而言,因村施策能在一定程度上体现山地村庄发展困境的重点难点以及应对的方式方法。因此,构建符合现实情况的山地村庄发展潜力评价体系和分类方法,对实现山地村庄的多层级分类引导具有重要意义。文章主要采用熵值修正BWM-TOPSIS模型等方法,结合景观基因理论,构建了适用于山地村庄的发展潜力评价模型,在此基础上进行村庄分类研究。并以浙江省景宁畲族自治县沙湾片区进行方法的实证,划分4大类8小类的村庄类型,为其提出相应的发展策略,以期为实现山地村庄的全面振兴提供一条新路径。

基于全油气系统理论的油气资源评价方法——以冀中坳陷武清凹陷沙河街组三段为例

针对武清凹陷沙河街组三段烃源岩分布特征、生排烃潜力认识不清等问题,以全油气系统理论为指导,基于研究区岩心、测井、实测地化等资料,建立了武清凹陷沙三段烃源岩的生排烃模式,明确了研究区的烃源岩分布和地球化学特征,以及源内生、排、残留烃量特征。结果表明:1)武清凹陷沙三段烃源岩厚度大,有机质丰度高,母质类型较好,处于低熟—成熟阶段,且与多个构造带有良好的油源匹配关系;2)武清凹陷沙三段烃源岩总生烃量为4950×10^(8)t,总排烃量为3170×10^(8)t,残留烃量为1780×10^(8)t,生烃潜力较大;3)基于全油气系统理论计算的结果不仅包含生烃量,还包含排烃量(常规+致密烃量)及残留烃量(页岩烃量)。该研究对于沙三段深层油气勘探具有指导意义。

川东北地区大安寨段页岩油气资源评价与有利区优选

四川盆地是中国最具勘探潜力的非常规油气盆地之一,其中川东北地区的大安寨段地层发育富含机质并与薄层介壳灰岩互层的页岩,有生烃、含油含气的特征,具有页岩油气开发潜力。为明确四川盆地川东北地区大安寨段页岩储层的油气资源潜力,综合运用油气地球化学和地质学研究方法,对该地区的页岩油和页岩气的资源潜力进行评价,预测页岩油气的有利区。结果表明:大安寨段岩性主要为黑色页岩和介壳灰岩。其中,大二亚段为富含有机质的页岩层段;大安寨段累计厚度约为60~110m,埋藏深度约为1000~3600m;有机质类型以Ⅱ2型为主,有机碳含量介于0.42%~2.74%,平均值为1.18%;有机质成熟度为0.94%~1.84%,主要处于成熟—高成熟阶段;大安寨段页岩埋藏深度适中,有效厚度大,生烃潜力高,具备页岩油气成藏的基础条件;大安寨段页岩气和页岩油的有利区位于研究区西南部和东部,估算页岩气资源量为24543×10^(8)m^(3),页岩油资源量为10×10^(4)t。根据研究结果,分别优选研究区的页岩油气的Ⅰ类有利区带和Ⅱ类有利区带,可为大安寨段页岩油气勘探开发提供参考。

潼关县地下水资源开发潜力与评价

潼关县是重要的黄金采、选、冶、加工工业区之一,地处秦岭、黄河及渭河阶地地带,以往该地区地下水资源勘查评价不系统,且具有局部性,该地区矿产资源的开发导致可再生的地下水资源未得到合理的开发利用,局部地区的不合理开采引发了地下水位下降、水环境污染、生态环境恶化等问题。在系统分析整理前人研究成果的基础上,对研究区采用水文地质及开采现状调查、地面物探、抽水试验及水质化验等手段,获得比较系统、科学、全面技术资料,计算相关水文地质参数、水资源量及开采潜力等。经计算,研究区地下水天然资源补给量127774.45 m^(3)/d,储存量4434806024.0 m^(3),天然可开采资源量为87414.80 m^(3)/d,剩余开采资源量33464.12 m^(3)/d。经评价该区地下水可开采量及开发潜力为中等地区,并提出开发利用建议。