Modeling and analyzing supply-demand relationships of water resources in Xinjiang from a perspective of ecosystem services

Water shortage is one bottleneck that limits economic and social developments in arid and semi-arid areas.As the impacts of climate change and human disturbance intensify across time,uncertainties in both water resource supplies and demands increase in arid and semi-arid areas.Taking a typical arid region in China,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,as an example,water yield depth(WYD)and water utilization depth(WUD)from 2002 to 2018 were simulated using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model and socioeconomic data.The supply-demand relationships of water resources were analyzed using the ecosystem service indices including water supply-demand difference(WSDD)and water supply rate(WSR).The internal factors in changes of WYD and WUD were explored using the controlled variable method.The results show that the supplydemand relationships of water resources in Xinjiang were in a slight deficit,but the deficit was alleviated due to increased precipitation and decreased WUD of irrigation.WYD generally experienced an increasing trend,and significant increase mainly occurred in the oasis areas surrounding both the Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin.WUD had a downward trend with a decline of 20.70%,especially in oasis areas.Water resources in most areas of Xinjiang were fully utilized and the utilization efficiency of water resources increased.The water yield module in the InVEST model was calibrated and validated using gauging station data in Xinjiang,and the result shows that the use of satellite-based water storage data helped to decrease the bias error of the InVEST model by 0.69×10^(8)m^(3).This study analyzed water resource supplies and demands from a perspective of ecosystem services,which expanded the scope of the application of ecosystem services and increased the research perspective of water resource evaluation.The results could provide guidance for water resource management such as spatial allocation and structural optimization of water resources in arid and semi-arid areas.

Information resources reorganization and sharing platform of national scientific＆technical document service in China

Reorganization of network information resources for scientific and technical （scitech for abbreviation） documents and development of information infrastructure have brought a great change in China＇s scitech documentation information sharing. It integrated not only information resources, but also systems, technologies and funds. High quality services and effective resources sharing are the main goals of the platform construction. The paper describes briefly the principles and aims of the integration of the scitech information resources and networks. The services of the sharing platforms have been also introduced.

Incentive Mechanism Model Design for Sharing of Information Resources in Rural Areas

In order to solve the issues concerning the cross-unit sharing of information resources in rural areas, we analyze the incentive problem of the sharing of information resources in rural areas using the incentive theory method; establish corresponding incentive mechanism model (It is divided into positive incentive model and negative incentive model, and only when the two models guarantee each other and are used at the same time can they be effective). Based on this, we put forward the institutional design for sharing of information resources in rural areas as follows: firstly, establishing an administrative agency of rural information resources sharing, above the authority of all units, responsible for related work on sharing of information resources in rural areas; secondly, establishing and improving the positive and negative incentive mechanisms, to ensure the realization of sharing of information resources in rural areas.

Dilemma and Exploration of Resource Sharing in University Museums of Natural History——using Natural History Museum of Zhengzhou Normal University as an example

A natural history museum is a museum for collection, researching and presenting natural environment and natural heritages about natural history. In the research, based on the analysis on necessity of university museums’ services to society in resources sharing, the difficulties and dilemmas were summarized in sharing resources of museums and the approaches for resources sharing were explored with the case of Natural History Museum of Zhengzhou Normal University in order to investigate the way for better services of university museum to the public.

Optimal scheduling of flexible grid-side resources and auxiliary service cost allocation model considering renewable-energy penetration

Renewable energy has penetrated power grid enterprises on a large scale.Due to the intermittency and volatility of renewable energy generation,it is necessary to build new flexible grid-side resources to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid,which will cause great pressure on cost allocation for power grid enterprises.This article considers four types of flexible grid-side resources and constructs a dual-level configuration optimization model for flexible grid-side resources under the penetration of renewable energy.Based on the configuration results,the cost scale of flexible grid-side resources is estimated and an improved ancillary service cost allocation model based on the Shapley value method is proposed to smooth the allocation of ancillary service costs in the cost of flexible grid-side resources between the two main bodies of renewable energy and load.The calculation results show that,when the penetration rate of renewable-energy power is 30%and 35%,respectively,the cost of flexible grid-side resources is 9.606 billion yuan and 21.518 billion yuan,respectively.The proportion of ancillary service costs allocated to load is relatively high-about five times that of the ancillary service costs allocated to renewable energy-and the higher the penetration rate of renewable energy,the higher the proportion of ancillary service costs allocated to renewable energy.

A Game Theoretic Approach for Hierarchical Caching Resource Sharing in 5G Networks with Virtualization

Caching and virtualization have been considered as the promising techniques in 5G Networks. In 5G networks with virtualization, the caching resources deployed by infrastructure providers (InPs) can be abstracted into isolated slices and transparently shared by mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs). In this case, one of the most important issues is how the MVNOs to share the caching resource. To solve this issue, different from previous works, a hierarchical caching architecture that core network and radio access network (RAN) have the caching capability in 5G networks with virtualization is first considered in this paper. Then, we study the problem of hierarchical caching resource sharing for MVNOs, and a competitive game to maximize their expectation revenue based on the oligopoly market model is formulated. As it is a hard problem to find the optimal solution in the hierarchical caching resource sharing problem, we decompose the optimization problem into two independent caching resource sharing problems in RAN and core network, respectively. Then the local optimal solutions are solved and the global Nash equilibrium solution is achieved. Finally, simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme.

Energy-Aware Service Selection Method Based on Sharing Routes in Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper presents a novel energy-aware algorithm for service composition based on sharing routes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The method integrates the resource of the overlapping WSNs to a virtual resource pool in the execution cycles of the workflow. This approach chooses the suitable service instances according to the current execution environment and user requirements with minimum energy consumption. Finally, the performance of sharing routes service composition selection in WSNs has been evaluated.

Research on logistics domain-oriented cloud resource management model and architecture

To address the challenges posed by resource shortage or surplus to enterprises productivity,Internet platforms have been widely used,which can balance shortage and surplus in broader environments. However,the existing resource management models lack openness,sharing ability and scalability,which make it difficult for many heterogeneous resources to co-exist in the same system. It is also difficult to resolve the conflicts between distributed self-management and centralized scheduling in the system. This paper analyzes the characteristics of resources in the distributed environment and proposes a new resource management architecture by considering the resource aggregation capacity of cloud computing. The architecture includes a universal resource scheduling optimization model which has been applied successfully in double-district multi-ship-scheduling multi-container-yard empty containers transporting of international shipping logistics. Applications in all these domains prove that this new resource management architecture is feasible and can achieve the expected effect.

How do Users Evaluate Service Quality of the Dockless Bicycle Sharing System?

In order to improve the public transit’s accessibility and promote service quality of the public transit,it is necessary to alleviate the“last⁃mile”problem.The combination of the public transit and bicycle⁃sharing system is competitive compared with the private car.In 2016,the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system has been undergoing tremendous development.Because the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system is different from previous bicycle⁃sharing systems,components of service quality of the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system differ.However,there are few articles about the service quality of the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system.This paper examined the evaluation of service quality of the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system along with a measurement of users’satisfaction.A questionnaire about service quality was designed,which includes 15 factors.Through the analysis of travelers’evaluation of factors of the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system with Rasch Model,these original ordinal data(Likert data)was transformed to the interval data:the person parameter(ability)and the item parameter(difficulty).Through the analysis of interviewees’abilities,it was found that only education and monthly consumption have significant influence on interviewees’evaluation of service quality of the dockless bicycle⁃sharing system,while there is no significant influence of gender,weekly use of dockless shared⁃bicycle,private car ownership,or monthly income on the evaluation.Furthermore,it was found that users were dissatisfied with cycling under the adverse weather,disturbance from pedestrians and cars,continuity of the bicycle lane,complaint channel,and staff service the most.

基于Web Service的数字图书馆资源共建共享模型

文章首先讨论了3种数字资源共享模型,接着提出了一种基于Web Service技术的数字图书馆资源共建共享模型系统。该模型以Web Service作为通信协议,以DC元数据抽象的序列化对象作为交互单元,以XML文件进行传输。文章最后对几种系统进行了比较,阐述了今后研究方向。

A review and an outlook of the National Cultural Information Resources Sharing Project

This paper discusses the Project's organization system, technical system, creation of digital resources and service mode. It also summarizes achievements gained since the commencement of the Project, and also analyzes some of the more important issues during implementation stage and gives a few suggestions of the future development during the next stage of the 11thFive-Year Plan.

国家海洋科学数据中心建设与发展实践

科学数据是国家科技创新和经济社会发展的重要基础性战略资源。国家海洋科学数据中心作为科技部和财政部首批认定的20个国家科学数据中心之一,以打造海洋领域的基础支撑与条件保障类国家科技创新基地为发展定位。成立4年来,在科技部和自然资源部的支持及依托单位和共建单位的共同努力下,各项工作取得突破性进展,为持续推动海洋科学数据共享奠定了扎实的基础。本文回顾了国家海洋科学数据中心的发展历程,从运行管理和标准规范、数据资源体系建设、关键技术应用与工具研制、数据共享服务平台建设等方面系统总结了该中心在海洋科学数据共享领域的建设进展与成效,并提出下一步发展建议与前景展望。

合作的解构:政府购买服务项目执行过程的政社关系

政府购买服务构建了政府与社会组织的“合作场景”。然而,为什么政府购买服务项目执行过程中政社合作关系经过“解构”迈向了多元复杂类型?基于项目执行过程的微观情境,本文提出了政社关系演化的“政绩共享-资源庇护”解释框架,案例比较分析发现:第一,政府与社会组织关系处于“非对称性依赖”格局,基层政府因其在地化的资源动员能力主导了政社合作的“解构”过程。第二,理性的基层政府权衡政绩共享收益和资源庇护责任之后确定了政社合作的“重构”方向,即合作、俘获、限制、替代等多元化关系类型。进一步分析发现,政府与社会组织的资源动员能力决定其互动关系走向,政府主导的“资源的权力网络”使得政社关系转向了“合作的解构”。研究结论为理解政社关系提供了全新视角,对于推动政社合作供给公共服务具有政策启示。

含共享储能的数据中心微网群分布式优化调度

多个数据中心微网可联合成微网群以实现不同数据中心微网的资源联动和能量互补。首先,建立了含共享储能的数据中心微网群运行模型,考虑了不同数据中心微网间的功率交互、数据负载交互、碳配额交互及共享储能容量使用权分配等耦合约束。其次,提出了考虑时变容量使用权和旋转备用服务的共享储能容量分配与运行策略,以进一步提高共享储能的效能。然后,采用高斯混合模型对数据中心微网内可再生发电的预测误差概率分布进行精确拟合,并结合机会约束处理预测误差的不确定性。最后,通过交替方向乘子法实现各个数据中心微网的独立求解,并引入动态乘子更新策略和预测-矫正因子以提高算法的收敛性。所提模型与方法的有效性在仿真中得到验证。

跨区域重症远程协同服务平台设计与应用

目的:建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台,推动优质医疗资源下沉与均衡分布,探索专科医联体建设新路径。方法:依托5G技术、KVM等技术建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台。结果:四川大学华西医院重症医学学科与信息中心,联合第三方医学信息服务商共同建设华西医院重症医学学科联盟远程重症协同系统,破解医疗信息跨院安全传输障碍,开发远程监护、远程会诊、远程实操、远程教育、远程质控5大功能模组,服务13省140家成员单位,提供会诊查房约250例/年,教学直播约200场/年。结论:现有通信相关技术可以成功建设跨区域重症远程协同服务平台,保障患者数据安全,提高远程协同效率,实现医疗资源、教学资源共享。

基于生态安全格局的资源枯竭型城市生态保护修复关键区识别:以徐州市贾汪区为例

科学构建生态安全格局、识别生态保护修复关键区是系统推进生态修复目标,实现资源枯竭型城市绿色转型发展和生态安全的基本保障与重要途径。本文以东部典型资源枯竭型城市徐州市贾汪区为例,通过定量评估土壤保持、碳存储、生境质量、产水量和固碳释氧五种生态系统服务功能变化,分析了绿色转型中的贾汪区生态修复治理成效。在此基础上,基于热点分析、最小累计阻力模型和电路理论等方法,识别了生态源地、生态廊道、生态“夹点”、障碍区等生态安全格局要素,分析了2000—2020年生态安全格局及其动态变化,并识别生态保护修复关键区域。研究结果表明:①2000—2020年贾汪区生态系统服务总体呈增加趋势,生态环境逐步得到改善,生态源地斑块数量逐渐减少但总面积持续增加,廊道分布由“西多东少”转变为“较为均衡”的格局。②确定生态保护修复关键区包括重要生态源地10处,重要生态廊道39处,障碍修复关键区5.53 km^(2),廊道保护关键区1.70 km^(2),多位于主城区西南部和潘安湖南部生态流动强度高且廊道狭窄处,应加强重点修复和保护。③根据生态保护修复关键区覆被类型,建议重要生态源地树立红线观念、加强生态用地和非生态用地有效连接、拓宽生态廊道范围、增加廊道沿线植被恢复等保护修复策略。研究结果可为资源枯竭型城市的生态修复规划确定优先修复事项提供有效技术支撑。

农业补贴下资源禀赋对农户农机社会化服务采纳行为的影响

农机社会化服务作为小农户链接现代农业的桥梁,是发展农业机械化和规模化经营的重要手段,对推动农业现代化具有重要意义。在对江西省483户农户进行实地调查的基础上,采用二元Logistic模型实证分析农户资源禀赋对农户农机社会化服务采纳行为的影响,并进一步分析农业补贴对农户资源禀赋影响农户农机社会化服务采纳行为的调节作用。研究结果表明:农户资源禀赋显著影响农户农机社会化服务采纳行为,其中户主的健康状况、经营年限、家庭劳动力人数、熟识的村干部数量、农业收入占比、耕地面积显著正向影响其农机社会化服务采纳行为,农机价值则显著负向影响其农机社会化服务采纳行为。另外,农业补贴对农户资源禀赋影响农机社会化服务采纳行为有显著的正向调节作用。具体而言,农业补贴对人力资源禀赋中的健康状况、社会资源禀赋中的是否加入合作社、经济资源禀赋中的农业收入占比和自然资源禀赋中的耕地面积与农机社会化服务采纳行为的关系均有正向调节作用。基于此,提出落实好农业补贴政策、鼓励身体健康的高素质农民务农、鼓励政府部门与农民多交流沟通、增加农民收入等对策建议。

企业财务共享服务中心运行效率研究

大数据、云计算、人工智能、互联网等多种新技术的迅速发展,使得财务共享服务中心成为越来越多大型企业的选择。企业在投入大量资源,完成财务共享服务中心的建设后,其实施的效率便成为了企业下阶段应当关注的重点。基于此利用DEA-BCC模型,静态分析财务共享服务中心的运行效率,以发现财务共享服务中心运行过程中存在的问题,并依此提出相应的改进建议。

机场地面服务资源滚动时域调度方法

为了应对航班随机到达对机场地面服务资源调度的影响,针对问题的特点设计了一种滚动时域调度方法(rolling horizon scheduling method,RHSM)。先按时间轴将原问题分解为一系列子问题,再以最小化航班延误总成本和同类资源负荷均衡为目标,构建项目-资源分级调度的数学模型,对每轮滚动时域内的子问题进行调度,最后由各个子问题的解构成原问题的近似解。这样就把复杂问题分解为若干小问题逐个求解,保证了资源调度的实时性。以广州白云国际机场某天3个不同规模的数据:01:00-02:00、15:00-16:00及13:00-21:00,验证该方法的性能。实验结果表明,RHSM能够应对航班到达时间的随机性,并且相较于时间窗解耦调度方法,在01:00-02:00小规模数据中,当求解总时长相同时,选择合适参数的RHSM可降低36.79%航班延误总成本;在15:00-16:00和13:00-21:00的中、大规模数据中,RHSM具有较快的求解速度和较小的计算机内存空间。因此所提方法是具有可行性的,有助于机场地面服务提质增效。

智慧图书馆轻量级资源推荐服务模式研究

智慧图书馆轻量级资源推荐服务具有灵活性、可扩展性、易维护性、高可用性等优势。文章明确了轻量级资源推荐服务要素,提出构建具有开放共享、泛在化、专业化、个性化特征的资源推荐服务模式,并提出了相应的建设策略,以便为轻量级服务在智慧图书馆的应用提供有益的指导和建议。