Research on Landscape Ecology Mode of New Resources-based Cities—A Case Study of Yulin City of Shaanxi Province in China

Based on the overall understanding of new cities developing based on resources,by taking Yulin City of Shaanxi Province for example and combining with relevant statistical data,main problems existing in resources development have been pointed out,covering simple resources industrial structure and serious wastes in resources development;insufficient intensive processing of products and low level of resources integrated utilization;and deteriorative regional eco-environment.On this basis,a new mode of landscape ecology of resource-based cities have been proposed,emphasizing constructing new green energy industrial development mode from the perspective of microscopic view;ecological industrial park of circular economy from the perspective of mesoscopic view;and the overall ecological recovery mode of the mining area from the perspective of macroscopic view.It hopes to give a vital inspiration to the sustainable development of new resources-based cities.

Discussion on the Problems and Path of Characteristic Town Construction in Underdeveloped, Resource-Based Cities: A Case Study of Ganzhou City

Characteristic towns as a characteristic industry are one of the important measures of China's new urbanization strategy. The construction of characteristic towns in different regions needs to pay attention to regional differentiation. At present, the research on characteristic towns focuses on the developed the developed central and eastern regions. There are still few studies on characteristics towns in underdeveloped areas. Starting from the analysis of the concept of the characteristic town, this paper sorted out the general situation of the construction of characteristic towns in China based on the existing research literature, selected Ganzhou City for research, pointed out there were "two restrictions and two singles" in the construction of characteristic towns in Ganzhou City, and clarified that the characteristic towns of Ganzhou City should adhere to the construction path of "two characteristics and two integrations", with a view to providing a useful reference for in Ganzhou City the construction of characteristic towns, industrial transformation and upgrading, and poverty alleviation in such underdeveloped, resource-based cities.

Construction of green infrastructure in coal-resource based city： a case study in Xuzhou urban area

As an important coal-resource based city in eastern China, coal mining activities have greatly promoted economic development to Xuzhou while resulted in kinds of blocks for sustainable development. Subsidence areas caused by coal mining activities and rapid urbanization process led to the losing of ecological function and decreasing of landscape connectivity in the city. As the important life-support system, urban green infrastructure （GI as short） has great significance in improving human well-beings. Taking Xuzhou urban area as the study object, this paper proposed a green infrastructure construction method based on the principle of ecological priority. Firstly, key ecological patches were identified by GIS and RS methods. Secondly, we established corridors by minimum cost path model. Then, we built GI network and evaluated the ecological importance of different patches. Finally, by comparing the status of patches and coal mining subsidence areas, we proposed a framework for constructing GI network in Xuzhou urban area.

Strategic Thinking for Sustainable Development of Mining-Based Cities in China

Cities based on mining are distinctive from other cities in China. Their heavy dependence on minerals, a relatively undiversified industrial structure, seriously damaged ecological environment and the rather low degree of openness have all reduced their competitiveness, and severely constrained and hindered their sustainable development. In this paper the authors will study mining-based cities from the perspective of sustainable development, first by having a critical review of their features, and then by researching into strategic options to support their sustainable development.

Research on the Evaluation and Early Warning of Ecological System Health of Resource-based City

资源型城市在为中国的工业化进程做出了巨大贡献的同时,城市的生态系统健康也出现了许多问题,对城市生态系统的地理环境和生物种群造成很大影响,甚至造成一些资源型城市生态系统的失衡和崩溃.论文以突变理论和城市生态系统健康理论为依据,首先建立了资源型城市生态系统健康评价指标体系,然后基于突变理论,构建了资源型城市生态系统健康的突变模型,并以邯郸市为例,进行了实证分析.以期对资源型城市的生态系统健康状况进行监测,当其出现较大扰动时进行预警,以保证资源型城市的生态系统健康,为实现资源型城市的可持续发展提供参考.

Study on Distribution Characteristics and Occurrence Form of Soil Fluorine in Sorghum Base of Renhuai City

In order to find out the effects of soil fluorine on ecological environment and crop safety in the sorghum cultivation base of Renhuai City, Guizhou Province, the content and the occurrence forms of soil fluorine and its influencing factors of Maoba Town were investigated and studied. The results showed that the total fluorine content in the soil of the sorghum base ranged from 668.60 to 2 596.80 mg/kg, with an average of 1 483.25 mg/kg, which was 3.10 and 1.85 times of the national soil background value and the average value of the soil in endemic areas, respectively. The spatial distribution of fluorine in the soil of the study area was uneven, and the fluorine content was in the order of Anliang Village>Yangliu Village>Houba Village>Xiongfeng Village. The soil fluorine contents of various forms varied greatly, and the distribution law was as follows: residual state>water soluble state>organically bound state>exchangeable state>Fe/Mn-F state. The residual fluorine content was the highest, accounting for more than 99% of total fluorine content, while the sum of other four forms was less than 1%, with their respective proportions ranging from 0.10% to 0.30%. The content and proportion of available fluorine in water-soluble and exchangeable states were relatively low, which had limited influence on the surrounding water environment and crop safety. The physicochemical properties of soil, such as pH, organic matter, cation exchange capacity and clay particles had a certain influence on the occurrence forms of soil fluorine, thus changing the availability and migration of soil fluorine, which might endanger the ecological environment safety, food safety and human health.

Huaibei City——A Newly-Developed Energy Source Base in China

A newly developed energy source basein China,Huaibei City,is located inthe northern part of Anhui Province,under the direct control of the provincialgovernment.Under its jurisdiction,there arethree districts and one county,covering atotal area of 2725 sq km and with a populationof 1.8 million. The city boasts unique mineralresources.A total of 13 minerals have beensurveyed,including coal,iron and kaoline.The reserves of coal,the richest of all,areestimated at about 10 billion tons and theprospective reserves 35 billion tons.Basedon its coal resources,the city has set up 24pairs of large and modern mines with anannual production capacity of 20 milliontons,ranking fifth in the country.The

The efficiencies and their changes of China＇s resources-based cities employing DEA and Malmquist Index Models

Employing DEA model and Malmquist productivity index, this paper probes into the urban efficiencies of 24 typical resources-based cities in China and their changes from 2000 to 2008. The research finds that the overall efficiencies of the resources-based cities are just at a general level, and only a few of them reach the optimal level. The scale efficiency is the major determining factor of the achievement of overall efficiency, the effect of which, nevertheless, is reducing. From the perspective of classification characteristics, the resources-based cities in northeastern region have been in the front rank in terms of overall efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. There is a certain positive correlation between urban population scale and urban efficiency. The analysis of urban efficiency changes shows that the changes in overall efficiency of resources-based cities from 2000 to 2008 had a weak improving tendency. Both the technical change index and productivity change index decreased, indicating that the urban efficiency did not improve during this period, and the tendency of technical recession and productivity decline was obvious. In terms of the classification of urban efficiency changes, the urban overall efficiency improved in each of the four regions from 2000 to 2008, among which western region witnessed the greatest increase. Cities with different resource types have improved their urban overall efficiencies except steel-based cities. The urban overall efficiency increased in resources-based cities of different scales, with greater improvement in small and medium-sized cities than in big cities.

基于CITIS的工作流服务资源优化配置研究

实施承包商集成技术信息服务(Contractor integrated technical information service,简称CITIS)的目的是提供一个公共的信息共享平台,实现协同制造企业间的数据集成和交换。工作流技术是解决CITIS数据集成和数据自动化传递的一个重要手段。如何对工作流服务资源进行优化配置,成为了工作流在CITIS环境下优化业务过程的一个重要内容。以服务性能、价格成本、交货期、技术水平和风险防范为目标,借助模糊BP神经网络来求解多目标的工作流服务资源配置问题。通过MATLAB7.1编程仿真,说明此方法是收敛的和可行的。

BASIC FEATURES AND TRENDS OF THE ECONOMIC BASE OF BEIJING

In China, systematic studies on economic base of a single city are very weak. Based on the 1990 census andrelevant statistics during 1990 - 1994, a comparative study is conducted on Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin. The majorconclusions are as follows: (1) Beijing is not only the national political and cultural center, but also the national economiccenter, viz the commercial service center and the low water-consuming, light polluting, external economy-typed andknowledge-intensive manufacturing industrial center, which is appropriate for Beijing’s comparative advantage. (2) Thehigh water-consuming, heavy polluting and regional market-oriented industry is overdeveloped as far as Beijing’s scarcewater and other natural resources are concerned. (3) Beijing’s industrial base is smaller, more regional market-based, andthe service base is more diverse, larger and more national market-based than Shanghai’s and Tianjin’ s. (4) With the development of socialist market economy and implemenl of sustainable development strategy, the external economy-typedand knowledge-intensive manufacturing industry with lower input of water and less environmental pollution, and information-intensive service industries will centralize further, and the industry with higher input of water and/or severe environmental pollution will decentralize.

Method of Dynamic Optimal Rout Calculation in the ＂Smart Clean City＂ Project

A solution of the optimization garbage removal problem in the large cities is suggested. In this paper there is described a system architecture to find time-optimal dynamic route for garbage trucks within ＂Smart Clean City＂ project which unites an approach to put special electronic devices on the garbage containers with the developed software responsible for the detecting the filled up containers and building the optimal way to collect the garbage. There is proposed a formal mathematical model of the task of dynamic optimal route and formal the optimization criterion for time-optimal garbage collection of all waste from landfills. The system includes the knowledge base which contains the rule describing the expert knowledge of the city traffic situation.

绿色考核能破解“资源诅咒”吗?——来自资源型城市的证据

因面临“资源诅咒”问题,传统资源型城市如何通过绿色转型实现可持续发展,一直是困扰学界和政界的重大难题。该研究以中央政府节能减排目标考核政策为切入点,探讨绿色考核对资源型城市绿色转型发展的作用机制和经济后果。在理论分析的基础上,运用综合指数法计算绿色考核政策的强度,并使用方向距离函数模型对资源型城市绿色经济增长指标进行了测算,进而基于2006—2020年的城市面板数据,采用双向固定效应模型和工具变量模型实证检验了绿色考核政策和资源城市绿色经济增长两者之间的关系。结果表明:①地方政府绿色考核能够显著促进资源型城市绿色经济增长、破解“资源诅咒”,该结论在改变自变量测度、排除竞争性解释等多重情景下依然稳健。②绿色考核主要通过区域绿色技术创新、工业结构清洁化、资源配置优化三条作用途径,实现对绿色经济增长的促进作用。③异质性分析表明,在地方官员晋升激励强、地方国企依赖程度低的地区,绿色考核政策促进资源型城市绿色经济增长的效果更加明显;此外,在成长阶段为成熟型和衰退型、以煤炭和金属类为主要禀赋的资源型城市,绿色考核政策效果更好。区别于以往研究大多围绕资源管理提出的破解策略,该研究揭示了良好的目标考核机制也能有效破解“资源诅咒”。这不仅为资源型城市绿色转型与可持续发展提供了决策依据,也为“资源诅咒”治理文献补充了新的经验证据。

基于健康理念的绿道规划设计导则优化

分析国内外绿道规划设计导则,提出基于健康理念的绿道规划设计导则优化技术思路,并以《杭州市绿道系统建设技术导则(试行)》为例,针对其总则与术语等一般规定、绿道分级分类、绿道选线、绿道构成系统4个方面的内容,基于研究循证,从健康风险控制与健康效用促进两个方面提出增补内容,从而明确健康理念融入绿道规划与设计的具体条款,以期进一步有效发挥绿道的健康促进效用。

黄河流域资源型城市碳达峰情景模拟研究

自然灾害与极端天气频发,各城市有效推进碳减排已刻不容缓,尤其是黄河流域的资源型城市,地区经济发展主要依赖高耗能、高排放的资源产业,使得减排降碳任务更为艰巨.本文基于黄河流域资源型城市碳排放数据,首先采用贝叶斯模型平均法进行因子选择,从影响碳排放的多种影响因素中提取重要信息,找出后验概率值大于50%时的几个变量作为影响碳排放的重要因素.其次,基于黄河流域资源型城市面板数据,结合情景分析法,在基准情景、政策导向型情景和科技驱动型情境下,构建个体时点双固定效应面板数据模型预测不同情境下各地区的碳排放量.结果表明:煤炭消费量、城镇化率、水泥产量、人均GDP、天然气消费量和第二产业在GDP中的比重是影响黄河流域资源型城市碳排放量的主要因素;通过比较政策导向方案和技术驱动方案,可以发现政策导向方案是一个渐进的过程,而技术驱动的碳减排效果更加快速和明显,基准情形下黄河流域资源型地区难以实现2030碳达峰目标.

数字技术赋能京津冀产业结构升级的效应研究

数字技术的应用与发展,是现阶段中国经济高质量发展的需要,是产业结构升级的重要技术支撑。以京津冀地区13市2011—2021年面板数据为基础,运用双固定效应模型、中介效应模型、门槛效应模型等多种计量方法对数字技术对产业结构升级的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明,数字技术对产业结构升级具有促进效应;在地区异质性分析中发现数字技术与产业结构升级的关系在资源型与非资源型城市间尚未产生显著性差异。进一步分维度来看,数字技术对产业结构升级的促进作用主要源于数字技术应用;随着产业结构升级分位点位置的上升,数字技术对产业结构升级的促进效应呈现逐渐增强的特征,使京津冀地区存在数字鸿沟的风险。此外,数字技术对产业结构升级的影响具有经济发展水平的门槛特征,当经济发展水平不断跨过门槛值时,数字技术对产业结构升级的促进作用会增强;数字技术可以通过投资拉动和金融发展效率促进产业结构升级,而市场消费需求和人力资本结构高级化则在其影响中起到遮掩效应。

资源型城市转型背景下土地利用结构的模拟与预测

[目的]资源型城市作为国家资源能源安全的重要保障城市,其转型发展方式更应向高质量方向推进。研究资源型城市转型背景下土地利用结构的变化并进行预测模拟,为新时期资源型城市国土空间优化提供新思路。[方法]基于资源型城市转型发展的概念及内涵,分析经济、社会、人口、科技、资源环境5个维度的系统性影响,并与空间布局相关联,构建系统动力学模型,以安徽省铜陵市2005—2020年的历史数据为参照,将2021—2035年的数据设置仿真情境,进行土地利用结构的多情境趋势性预测分析。[结果](1)铜陵市土地利用和经济发展现状奠定了发展的基础,可以此为依据进行转型条件设置和土地利用结构变化的合理预测。(2)资源型城市转型发展作为一个系统性概念,形成“系统—指标—要素”的层级框架,不仅相互关联,密不可分,还传导作用于不同的地类,影响土地利用系统。(3)铜陵市2021—2035年地类的情境趋势发展差异较为相似,即耕地、林地、水域、草地和未利用地的减少幅度自经济发展、社会进步、综合发展而递减,在资源保护情境下面积均有小幅度提升。建设用地则相反,增加幅度随经济发展、社会进步、综合发展而递减,在资环保护情境下扩张速度得到一定程度的控制。[结论]资源型城市的新时期转型,不仅要将内在要素融合成系统性概念,还要提升土地利用系统的关注度,重视结构合理性和发展协调性。

采空影响区高层建筑抗变形设计方法及应用案例

在煤炭资源型城市转型期,对土地资源的需求日益紧张,煤炭采空区不再只是进行城市绿化,而是越来越细分,在可利用的场地上进行工程建设。重点研究煤炭资源型城市采空影响区域内,基于数值沉降抗变形分析,高层建筑在保证安全的前提下,采用更加经济合理的地基基础方案及抗变形措施,这一设计方法的实施可以解决很多采空影响区内建筑活动因为过高抗变形措施费而停滞的项目,缓解了煤炭资源型城市发展用地需求。基于目前国内外采空影响区域内砌体结构及高层建筑抗变形设计分析方法,提出采用岩土有限元软件精细化模拟正常施工沉降变形及残余变形影响下的沉降变形;基于典型项目案例计算分析,提出抗变形设计的量化分析结果。分析方法及量化结果为后续煤炭资源型城市高层建筑的抗变形设计提供了可借鉴的经验。

资源型城市韧性水平与绿色发展效率耦合的时空分异特征

城市韧性建设和绿色发展已成为资源型城市转型发展的重要方向。以黄河流域资源型城市为研究对象,通过构建城市韧性水平与绿色发展效率的耦合机理,利用物理学耦合模型,定量测度了2009—2019年40个资源型城市的韧性水平与绿色发展效率耦合协调的时空格局;通过构建随机效应面板Tobit模型,探究黄河流域资源型城市韧性水平与绿色发展效率耦合的影响因素。研究发现:(1)黄河流域资源型城市韧性建设成效显著,呈稳步增长态势;绿色发展效率随时间呈“W”形波动增长态势,但总体增长效率不显著。(2)两者耦合度均值在[0.7,0.8]内波动,呈现较高的耦合关系;耦合协调度随时间呈稳步提升态势,从“濒临失调阶段”逐步过渡到“良好协调阶段”。(3)城市韧性水平、绿色发展效率,以及两者间的耦合度和耦合协调度的空间异质性具有一致性,即中下游资源型城市强于上游。(4)政府能力、教育投入和人口规模对耦合协调度的影响存在较显著的空间异质性,而基础设施、产业结构和环境规制的影响具有空间同质性。

产品差异化和市场开放度对城市群空间结构的影响研究

城市群是提高地区经济增长和深入实施区域协调发展战略过程中的重要载体。本文尝试结合“新”新经济地理学模型和基于agent计算经济学对多重异质性下城市差异化对企业和人口的空间演化影响进行研究,建立了一个企业生产效率与规模、居民工资等多重异质性的两区域空间经济模型对城市间人口和企业迁移进行动态模拟以研究空间经济演化过程。结果表明:(1)无论是否存在市场进入和退出机制,小城市内部工业产品的差异性越大,越有利于企业和人口向小城市迁移,企业和人口倾向于分散。但是存在市场机制能提高城市内产品差异化对人口和企业迁移的吸引力。(2)城市群中小城市要更多的企业和人口,需要继续鼓励创新生产差异化产品,使城市内的产品更加多样化和差异化。(3)为了使城市内产品差异化发挥更大的作用,整个地区需要更加健全企业进入和退出的市场机制,使得有利可图的资本可以进入市场,同时亏损的企业能够退出市场或者转型升级和改制。

数字赋能、供需协同与养老保险制度可及性——基于81个资源型城市的研究

基于供给-需求分析框架,采用必要条件分析(NCA)和定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法,探讨数字赋能下资源型城市养老保险制度可及性的提升路径。结果表明:高经济发展供给对资源型城市养老保险制度可及性提升具有关键作用;资源型城市养老保险制度可及性的提升路径共有三类:社会共建型、自主参与型与数字赋能型。资源型城市政府应因地制宜,精准施策,抓住数字经济发展机遇,保障供给端与需求端有效对接,全面提升养老保险制度可及性。