Explanation of disability by ADHD core symptoms or concomitant minimal cerebral dysfunctions

Background:Examine the degree of disability in adult ADHD patients in relation to the core symptoms attention deficits and hyperactivity and concomitant minimal cerebral dysfunctions.Methods:Patients from a psychosomatic rehabilitation hospital(N=1,453)had answered the“ADHS-SB(attention deficit hyperactivity scale)”,the“MCD-scale(minimal cerebral dysfunction self rating scale)”,the“SCL-90R(Symptom Checklist)”,and reported about impairment at work.Results:Psychological distress and the ability to work are primarily related to problems of orientation,cognitive impairment,vegetative lability,emotional problems,disorders of motor function,but only to a lesser degree to hyperactivity and attention deficit.Conclusion:When dealing with ADHD patients,clinicians should take into account the full variety of MCD symptoms as these are decisive in regard to participation and problems in life.

Symptom experience and symptom burden of patients following first-ever stroke within 1 year： a cross-sectional study

Symptoms that are multidimensional and concurrent should be assessed from different dimensions and managed together. Few studies have evaluated concurrent and multidimensional symptoms in patients with stroke. Most studies of stroke focused on dysfunctions and complications. We hypothesize that patients with stroke have a heavy symptom burden within 1 year. This study aimed to describe multidimensional and concurrent symptoms within 1 year after stroke. This study recruited 230 patients with stroke from the Rehabilitation Department of Xuhui District Center Hospital of Shanghai and the Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center in China from March to September 2017. The patients＇ multidimensional symptom experience and symptom burden were analyzed using a self-made structured questionnaire and the influential factors for symptom burden were identified. The mean number of symptoms in patients with stroke was 11.7 ± 3.5. More than two thirds of the participants suffered from at least 10 co-occurring symptoms. Unilateral limb weakness had the highest prevalence and frequency. Participation restriction had the highest symptom dimensions of severity and distress. Lack of self-care ability（severity）, memory deterioration（frequency）, imbalance of body（distress）, moodiness（distress）, being unable to move limbs at will（distress）, shoulder pain（distress）, and slower response（frequency） were independent factors of the total symptom burden score. These findings can provide essential information for efficient symptom management of patients with stroke.