Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Group in Field Soil Evaluated by a Newly Developed Method Based on Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Spreading of antibiotic resistant bacteria into environment is becoming a major public health problem, implicating affair of the indirect transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria to human through drinking water, or vegetables, or daily products. Until now, the risk of nosocomial infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria has mainly been evaluated using clinical isolates by phenotypic method. To evaluate a risk of community-acquired infection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, a new method has been developed based on PCR-RFLP without isolation. By comparing restriction fragment lengths of the 16S rDNA gene from bacterial mixture grown under antibiotic treatment to those simulated from the DNA sequence, bacterial taxonomies were elucidated using the method of Okuda and Watanabe [1] [2]. In this study, taxonomies of polymyxin B resistant bacteria group in field soils, paddy field with organic manure and upland field without organic manure were estimated without isolation. In the both field soils, the major bacteria grown under the antibiotic were B. cereus group, which had natural resistance to this antibiotic. In field applied with organic manure, Prevotella spp., and the other Cytophagales, which were suggested to be of feces origin and to acquire resistance to the antibiotic, were detected. When numbers of each bacterial group were roughly estimated by the most probable number method, B. cereus group was enumerated to be 3.30 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in paddy field soil and 1.32 × 106 MPN/g dry soil in upland filed. Prevotella spp. and the other Cytophagales in paddy field were enumerated to be 1.31 × 106 MPN, and 1.07 × 106 MPN·g-1 dry soil.

Analysis of the Phenotype and the Restriction Enzyme Mapping Level of Mutations Induced by the New Mutagen Glycidyl Methacrylate

Glycidyl methaerylate (GMA) is a recently recognized chemical mutagen. In order to explore the mutagenicity and mutagenic process of GMA, plasmid pBR322 was used for in vitro binding, mutant screening, and restriction enzyme mapping. The binding between GMA and DNA in vitro has been verified by means of a spectrophotometric method. When pBR322 and GMAbound pBR322 were used to transform Eschenchia coli HB101, the following results were obtained: (1) The transformation efficiency of GMA-bound pBR322 was much lower than that of pBR322 alone. (2) GMA-bound pBR322 induced phenotype changes in competent cells (i.e., tetracycline-resistance inactivation or ampicillin-resistance inactivation). There were two mutants of pBR322, Ap~RTc~S and Ap~STc~R, in the transformants and a deductive mutant Ap~STc~S in the nontranstormants. (3) All of the selected mutants were stable and heritable. (4) When restriction enzyme maps were used to analyze the mutant Ap~RTc~S, four of seven maps were changed. some sites were shifted to other resistant gene regions, for example, sites of Bgll, EcoRl, Ilindlll. Hinclll, etc., and there was a new recognition site for Hindi (252). We did not observe any DNA fragment insertion or deletion on any maps. Our results suggest that when GMA is covalently linked to the plasmid DNA, it gives rise to a premutagenic lesion of DNA that is converted in vivo into a point mutation. (C)1990 Academic Press, Inc.

Development of Fok-I based nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for detection of hepatitis B virus X region V5M mutation

AIM: To develop a Fok-I nested polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis(PRA) method for the detection of hepatitis B virus X region(HBx) V5 M mutation.METHODS: Nested PCR was applied into DNAs from 198 chronic patients at 2 different stages [121 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and 77 carrier patients]. To identify V5 M mutants, digestion of nested PCR amplicons by the restriction enzyme Fok-I(GGA TGN9↓) was done. For size comparison, the enzymetreated products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 2.5% agarose gels, stained with ethidium bromide, and visualized on a UV transilluminator.RESULTS: The assay enabled the identification of 69 patients(sensitivity of 34.8%; 46 HCC patients and 23 carrier patients). Our data also showed that V5 M prevalence in HCC patients was significantly higher than in carrier patients(47.8%, 22/46 patients vs 0%, 0/23 patients, P < 0.001), suggesting that HBx Ag V5 M mutation may play a pivotal role in HCC generation in chronic patients with genotype C infections.CONCLUSION: The Fok-I nested PRA developed in this study is a reliable and cost-effective method to detect HBx Ag V5 M mutation in chronic patients with genotype C2 infection.

Bacterial Groups Concerned with Maturing Process in Manure Production Analyzed by a Method Based on Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis

Composting is a biological aerobic decomposition process consisted from different phases. Although the Japanese Standards for manure recommended that it took at least 6 months to complete the maturing phase, there was no reliable ground. In order to find out shortening method of the maturing phase, the microorganisms concerned with a progress of the maturing was determined by using the most probable number method (MPN) and PCR-RFLP of the 16S rDNA, which was found effective to provide numbers and taxonomy of polymyxin B resistant bacterial groups in the former paper [1]. Compared to the numbers after thermophilic phase, those of Actinobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and the other gram negative bacteria increased to 50 times, 20 times, and 105 times, respectively, after maturing phase, while those of Bacillus spp., and α and β-proteobacteria decreased to 1/10, and 1/105 after maturing phase. Numbers of the other Fumicutes, and γ-proteobacteria remained in the same revel. Actinobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and the other gram negative bacteria might be concerned with a progress of the maturing phase, because these bacterial groups were detected and enumerated due to their proliferation ability. Although number of Acitinobacteria might be underestimated because of a PCR bias, the method was found effective for the purpose to monitor bacteria actively proliferated in culture medium.

Evaluation of the Method Based on Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis as Simple Analysis Method of Lactic Acid Bacteria in Foods

Lactic acid bacteria have not only been used to produce various kinds of fermented food, but also used as probiotic products. As lactic acid bacterial group was consisted from diverse genera, a simple inspection method by which numbers and contained microorganisms could be automatically analyzed without any preliminary information was required to use them more effectively. In this manuscript, lactic acid bacterial groups in commercial products of kimuchi, komekouji-miso, and yoghurt were identified and enumerated by our newly developed method [1]-[3], to evaluate whether the method could be used as an inspection method of various food samples. In kimuchi, numerically dominant bacteria were Lactobacillus sakei, and L. casei (1.4 × 104 MPN g-1) and Leuconostoc spp. (l.4 × 104 MPN). In kouji-miso, numerically dominant bacteria was Bacillus spp. (3 × 103 MPN), which mainly included B. subtilis group and B. cereus group. Lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus spp., or Lactococcus spp., included in the komekouji-miso, could be enumerated after 3 days incubation (1.24 × 104 MPN), but not detected after 7 days incubation. In yoghurt A and C, Lactococcus lactis was detected as numerically dominant lactic acid bacteria (3.0 × 105 MPN). In yoghurt B, Lactobacillus spp., or Lactococcus spp., was detected not only by a culturebased method but also by an unculture-based method, although there was a difference between the both estimated numbers. The present results suggested that the method might become useful as a simple inspection method of food microorganisms, because time and labor of the analysis could be reduced by using an unculture-based method and MCE-202 MultiNA. In this study, Bifidobacteriium spp. was not detected in B and C yoghurt, in spite of indicating their existence, and numbers of lactic acid bacteria were lower than the level of the daily product regulation, because 16S rDNA of Bifidobacteriium spp. might not be amplified by the used PCR condition. The PCR condition must be changed so as to amplify Bifidobacterium spp., before the method will be used as an inspection method for lactic acid bacteria.

Analysis of Bacterial Communities Present in Agaricus bisporus Phase Ⅱ Compost Using Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis(ARDRA)(Ⅱ)——Analysis of Bacterial Communities

Changes in the bacterial communities inhabiting Agaricus bisporus compost during Phase Ⅱ treatment were monitored using amplified rDNA restriction analysis(ARDRA).Sequence analysis data indicated that the bacterial communities associated with the compost samples were far richer in composition when determined by ARDRA compared with traditional methods based on bacterial isolation.Furthermore,the composition of the communities,especially in terms of the dominant bacteria during each of the four treatment stages(beginning of Phase Ⅱ,after pasteurization,5 days aeration,end of Phase Ⅱ,respectively),were very different.Restriction endonuclease digestion of mainly bacterial clones from four 16S rDNA libraries,C1,C3,C6 and C7,previously constructed on the basis of 16S rDNA fragments amplified from the four different stages of the Phase Ⅱ composting process,revealed the presence of unique microbial types.Thermophilic bacteria belonging to the Bacilli,and previously unreported strains of Trichococcus,Planococcus,Caryophanon,and subclass γ-Proteobacteria,were identified among the clones from the compost sampled during the aeration period(C6).Bacteria belonging to Thermus thermophilus and subclass α-Proteobacteria were detected in C1 and C7 composts sampled at the beginning and the end of Phase Ⅱ,respectively.Clones of some uncultured bacteria were also scored.

Model and algorithm of optimizing alternate traffic restriction scheme in urban traffic network

An optimization model and its solution algorithm for alternate traffic restriction(ATR) schemes were introduced in terms of both the restriction districts and the proportion of restricted automobiles. A bi-level programming model was proposed to model the ATR scheme optimization problem by aiming at consumer surplus maximization and overload flow minimization at the upper-level model. At the lower-level model, elastic demand, mode choice and multi-class user equilibrium assignment were synthetically optimized. A genetic algorithm involving prolonging codes was constructed, demonstrating high computing efficiency in that it dynamically includes newly-appearing overload links in the codes so as to reduce the subsequent searching range. Moreover,practical processing approaches were suggested, which may improve the operability of the model-based solutions.

Long-range correlation analysis of urban traffic data

This paper investigates urban traffic data by analysing the long-range correlation with detrended fluctuation analysis. Through a large number of real data collected by the travel time detection system in Beijing, the variation of flow in different time periods and intersections is studied. According to the long-range correlation in different time scales, it mainly discuss the effect of intersection location in road net, people activity customs and special traffic controls on urban traffic flow. As demonstrated by obtained results, the urban traffic flow represents three-phase characters similar to highway traffic. Moreover, compared by the two groups of data obtained before and after the special traffic restrictions （vehicles with special numbered plates only run in a special workday） enforcement, it indicates that the rules not only reduce the flow but also avoid irregular fluctuation.

Analysis of bulked segregants to identify molecular markers linked with cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight in the silkworm Bombyx mori L

Two silkworm strains viz, B20 A (high cocoon shell ratio) and C.Nichi (low cocoon shell ratio) were sib mated for 10 generations to determine the homozygosis. Both bulked segregant analysis(BSA) and near isogenic lines (NIL) studies were done to identify the RFLP markers closely linked to cocoon shell parameters. Three hundred and fifty two random clones were identified as the low copy number sequence and used for identification of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphic (RFLP) marker linked to cocoon weight and cocoon shell character. In the bulk segregant analysis, DNA from the parents (B20 A, C.Nichi), F 1 and F 2 progeny of high shell ratio (HSR) and low shell ratio (LSR) were screened for hybridization with the random clones. Polymorphic banding pattern achieved through southern hybridization with different probes indicated the probable correlation of polymorphism with high and low cocoon shell character which are possible landmarks in identifying the putative marker(s) for the cocoon shell character. Out of the 100 probes tried with parents, F 1, F 2 and their bulks, 10 probes were found to be closely linked to cocoon shell characters.

Sparse Representation by Frames with Signal Analysis

The use of frames is analyzed in Compressed Sensing (CS) through proofs and experiments. First, a new generalized Dictionary-Restricted Isometry Property (D-RIP) sparsity bound constant for CS is established. Second, experiments with a tight frame to analyze sparsity and reconstruction quality using several signal and image types are shown. The constant is used in fulfilling the definition of D-RIP. It is proved that k-sparse signals can be reconstructed if by using a concise and transparent argument1. The approach could be extended to obtain other D-RIP bounds (i.e. ). Experiments contrast results of a Gabor tight frame with Total Variation minimization. In cases of practical interest, the use of a Gabor dictionary performs well when achieving a highly sparse representation and poorly when this sparsity is not achieved.

The burden of upper motor neuron involvement is correlated with the bilateral limb involvement interval in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a retrospective observational study

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor neurons.Early bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to bed.However,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is unclear.To address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.We used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.Multiple factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,P<0.001)were risk factors for a shorter interval until bilateral limb involvement.The results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.These findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.

Pitfalls of restriction enzyme analysis in identifying, characterizing,typing, and naming viral pathogens in the era of whole genome data, as illustrated by HAdV type 55

Restriction endonuclease analysis(REA),or restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP),was useful for identifying and determining the relatedness and putative identities of microbial strains(Tang et al.,1997)and for characterizing and discriminating large numbers of samples inexpensively in the past。

基于CiteSpace和VOSviewer可视化软件对饮食限制调控炎症的研究现状与热点分析

目的:基于CiteSpace和VOSviewer可视化软件对饮食限制(DR)调控炎症文献进行定量可视化分析,探索DR调控炎症领域的研究热点和趋势。方法:检索2010年1月1日至2022年9月29日Web of Science核心数据库中收录的DR调控炎症相关文献共1678篇,经筛查最终获得1344篇,使用CiteSpace和VOSviewer可视化软件对检索到的文献数据进行年发文量、国家、机构、作者、被引频次和关键词的定量和可视化分析。结果:最终获得的1344篇文献年发文量总体呈上升趋势,文献最高被引频次为1676次,美国(481篇)是出产文献数量最多的国家,中国(181篇)位居第二。DR调控炎症领域研究热点集中在热量限制(CR)、生酮饮食、衰老、代谢性疾病、脂肪组织及肠道菌群等方面。结论:DR调控炎症愈来愈受到国际和国内研究者青睐,未来研究热点可能是CR模拟物(CRM)、肠道菌群、神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病,总体研究趋势为进一步明确DR的抗炎机制,寻找新的治疗靶点,将更多经过体外和动物模型证实的有效方案进行更严格的临床试验。

基于PRECEDE模式的居民减盐行为影响因素的混合方法研究

背景中国居民高血压患病率高而控制率低,大量流行病学研究表明减少膳食盐的摄入有助于降低血压水平,因此探索居民减盐行为的影响因素对于居民自身的健康管理及减轻社会负担意义重大。目的基于PRECEDE模式,探索山东居民减盐行为的倾向因素、强化因素和促成因素,为后续减盐工作提供科学建议。方法运用混合研究方法,采用目的抽样法,先后于2016年和2018年采访居民共计114名,访谈提纲主要包含对控盐的态度、在控盐过程中遇到的困难以及获得的帮助等。定量数据来源于2016年山东省减盐防控高血压项目终末调查鲁东、鲁中南地区的问卷数据,从数据库中选取与高血压相关调查内容,共纳入研究样本6697份。结果多分类Logistic回归结果显示,在控制其他变量影响下,性别、职业、文化程度对减盐行为依从性有影响(P<0.05)。在控制个人一般情况的影响下,个人口味、减盐知识及对低盐饮食的态度对减盐行为依从性有影响(P<0.05)。医生的干预能强化居民减盐行为。通过医务人员的健康教育,不仅能增强高血压患者的减盐行为与意识,还能加强家人的督促,提升家人的减盐行为与意识,进而达到促进居民减盐的目的。家人在日常生活中的督促能强化居民控盐行为。山东省减盐行动制定了项目推进政策、餐饮业政策、食品业政策以及减盐健康教育政策,打造了浓厚的减盐大环境。低盐产品中对居民影响较大的是限盐勺,低盐食品及低钠盐的可及性相对较低影响了其控盐作用。大众媒体宣传是居民获得减盐信息的主要途径,目前作用较为明显的大众传播方式包括电视和在公共场所的宣传。结论对低盐饮食的态度及知识水平因素是影响居民减盐行为的倾向因素;医生的劝诫和家人的提醒能帮助居民开始减盐,也能强化居民减盐行为,属于强化因素;减盐相关政策、大众传播为居民减盐创造了社会氛围,减盐相关产品则提供了现实条件,属于促成因素。

升高的单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值与老年急性心肌梗死患者住院期间死亡风险相关

[目的]探讨升高的单核细胞/淋巴细胞比值(MLR)与老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者住院期间死亡风险之间是否相关。[方法]回顾性收集2015年12月─2021年12月在大连医科大学附属第二医院心血管内科住院治疗的老年AMI患者的病史资料,共1550例,其中发生住院期间死亡的患者共132例。主要包括性别、年龄、身高、体质量、血常规、血脂相关指标、空腹血糖、心肌酶、心肌梗死类型、估算的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、住院期间结局、心力衰竭、糖尿病和高血压患病情况以及住院期间他汀类药物、抗血小板药物的使用情况。根据ROC曲线分析结果,将MLR>0.342的患者定义为高MLR组(n=699),MLR≤0.342的患者则定义为低MLR组(n=851)。[结果]高MLR组患者的年龄、白细胞计数、单核细胞计数、MLR、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、空腹血糖(FBG)、eGFR<60 mL/(min·1.73 m^(2))、男性患者、心力衰竭、住院期间发生全因死亡人数的比例均高于低MLR组(P<0.05),体质指数(BMI)、淋巴细胞计数、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDLC)、eGFR>60 mL/(min·1.73 m^(2))、高血压、使用抗血小板类药物的人数均低于低MLR组(P<0.05)。多因素逻辑回归结果显示,高MLR与老年AMI患者住院期间死亡风险独立相关(OR=1.812,95%CI:1.106~2.969,P=0.018)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,MLR联合cTnI或FBG后其预测能力显著提升,ROC曲线下面积分别为0.789和0.739。限制性立方样条(RCS)分析结果显示,MLR与老年AMI患者住院结局之间存在线性的剂量-反应关系。[结论]升高的MLR与老年AMI患者住院期间死亡风险独立相关,临床医生可在日常诊疗中考虑使用MLR指标对这类患者进行风险分层和相关处置以改善其短期预后。

血流限制下耐力训练对有氧能力和下肢肌力及运动表现影响的Meta分析

目的:采用Meta分析方法系统评价血流限制下耐力训练对运动员有氧能力、下肢肌力和运动表现的影响。方法:截至2023年3月,在CNKI、维普、万方及PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Science Direct、Cochrane数据库中检索文献,得到3210篇文献,筛选后共纳入12篇文献,共14份研究报告。使用Review Manager 5.4和Stata 14软件进行Meta分析。结果:血流限制下耐力训练对运动员最大摄氧量具有中等效应(SMD=0.59,95%CI:0.28-0.90,P<0.05)且无异质性。持续加压类型的效果要优于其他加压类型(P<0.05);训练内容采用有氧耐力练习较无氧速耐练习效果更优(P<0.05);4-8周、每周3次及以上、20-30 min/次以及总训练次数12次以上效果更好。其次,血流限制下耐力训练对下肢肌力具有大效应(SMD=0.99,95%CI:0.61-1.37,P<0.05)且无异质性,亚组分析结果显示肌肉耐力提升效果最好(SMD=1.11;95%CI:0.37-1.85),其次为伸膝力量(SMD=1.02,95%CI:0.37-1.67)、屈膝力量(SMD=0.87,95%CI:0.24-1.51)。最后,血流限制下耐力训练对运动表现具有中等效应(SMD=0.59,95%CI:0.13-1.06,P<0.05),亚组分析结果显示跑步表现(SMD=0.55,95%CI:0.05-1.06,P<0.05)且无异质性,足球专项运动表现仅1项,未合并分析。结论:血流限制下耐力训练可以提高运动员有氧能力、下肢肌力和运动表现,其中下肢肌力达到大效应,有氧能力和运动表现为中等效应。采用持续性加压且不低于4周,3次/周,20-30 min/次,总次数12次以上的渐进式混合强度有氧耐力练习的训练安排,易于获得更佳的训练效果。

血流限制训练在临床康复医学中的应用趋势

背景:血流限制训练在临床康复中的应用越来越普遍,这在一定程度上要归功于技术进步以及研究和医学界兴趣的提高。目的:旨在探讨临床康复相关血流限制训练应用的全球趋势和发展的全面图景,确定研究差距,并提出未来研究的方向。方法:以Web of Science、PubMed和Elsevier数据库为文献数据来源,以2001-2022年血流限制训练在临床康复相关的515篇文献为研究样本,运用文献计量、探索性因子分析、聚类分析相结合的方法,揭示其新兴的研究领域和主题。结果与结论:首先,发文量整体研究趋势呈稳定上升,美国是该领域主要研究地区,高校对期刊贡献最大。其次,已形成以Loenneke JP、Abe T和Dankel SJ等人为首的核心作者群,高产作者间合作较少。最后,血流限制训练与骨骼肌肉康复、认知功能活动、慢性疾病康复研究是血流限制训练在临床康复应用的研究主题,尤其关注血流限制对前交叉重建术后肌肉萎缩、膝盖疼痛、积水等症状的康复研究。低压血流限制有效缓解骨骼肌肉症状理论研究近几年中热度较高,系统指导临床中骨骼肌肉康复患者人群。未来临床医生应延长随访期、登记更大和更多样的样本量以及使用随机技术来确定康复患者的适当处方适应证,确保临床安全性,定量分析针对不同临床人群制定和完善最小有效剂量发挥最大效应的康复训练方案。

血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建患者膝关节功能恢复的Meta分析

目的:系统评价血流限制训练对前交叉韧带重建术后康复的临床疗效,以期为临床实践提供参考依据。方法:计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、EBSCO等数据库,搜集国内外有关血流限制训练干预前交叉韧带重建术后康复的随机对照试验,检索时限均从各数据库建库至2022-08-10。结局指标包括膝关节肌力、膝关节周围肌肉量及膝关节功能评价,均为连续性变量。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并使用PEDro量表、Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具进行纳入研究的偏倚风险评价,然后采用RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入9篇文献,包括226例受试者,其中试验组114例,对照组112例。Meta分析结果显示,血流限制训练组与常规抗阻训练组相比,可以显著改善患者膝关节肌力[SMD=0.54,95%CI(0.29,0.79),P<0.01]、肌肉量[SMD=0.26,95%CI(0.06,0.46),P=0.01]及膝关节功能[SMD=1.17,95%CI(0.53,1.80),P<0.01];亚组分析显示,仅当干预时间>4周时,膝关节肌力[SMD=0.68,95%CI(0.38,0.97),P<0.01]与肌肉量[SMD=0.38,95%CI(0.09,0.68),P=0.01]出现显著性改善。结论:当前的证据表明,血流限制训练可以改善前交叉韧带重建术后患者肌力及膝关节功能,减少肌肉萎缩,并建议术后干预时间达到4周以上以获得更好的肌力与肌肉量改善效果。

Compressed Data Separation via ℓ_(q)-Split Analysis with ℓ_(∞)-Constraint

In this paper,we study compressed data separation(CDS)problem,i.e.,sparse data separation from a few linear random measurements.We propose the nonconvex ℓ_(q)-split analysis with ℓ_(∞)-constraint and 0<q≤1.We call the algorithm ℓ_(q)-split-analysis Dantzig selector(ℓ_(q)-split-analysis DS).We show that the two distinct subcomponents that are approximately sparse in terms of two different dictionaries could be stably approximated via the ℓ_(q)-split-analysis DS,provided that the measurement matrix satisfies either a classical D-RIP(Restricted Isometry Property with respect to Dictionaries and ℓ_(2) norm)or a relatively new(D,q)-RIP(RIP with respect to Dictionaries and ℓ_(q)-quasi norm)condition and the two different dictionaries satisfy a mutual coherence condition between them.For the Gaussian random measurements,the measurement number needed for the(D,q)-RIP condition is far less than those needed for the D-RIP condition and the(D,1)-RIP condition when q is small enough.

3D suitability evaluation of urban underground space using a variable weight method and considering ground restrictions

The evaluation of urban underground space(UUS)suitability involves multiple indicators.Assigning weight to these indicators is crucial for accurate assessment.This paper presents a method for spatially variable weight assignment of indicators using the order relation analysis method(G1-method),the entropy weight method,an improved grey relational analysis(GRA)and a set of spatial weight adjustment coefficients.First,the subjective and objective weights of indicators for engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions were determined by the G1-method and entropy weight method,respectively,and their combined weights were then obtained using the principle of minimum discriminatory information.This study highlighted the impact of surface restrictions,such as buildings,on UUS,and the degree of the influence of these buildings gradually decreased with the increase in depth of the rock and soil mass in UUS,which resulted in changes in weights of indicators with depth.To address this issue,a coefficient was defined as the standardized value of the ratio of additional stress applied by restrictions to the self-weight stress of soil at the same depth to modify the combined weights so that all weights of indicators could vary in space.Finally,an improved GRA was used to determine the suitability level of each evaluation cell using the maximum correlation criterion.This method was applied to the 3D suitability evaluation of UUS in Sanlong Bay,Foshan City,Guangdong Province,China,including 16 evaluation indexes.This study comprehensively considered the influence of multiple factors,thereby providing reference for evaluating the suitability of UUS in big cities.