An Empirical Study of Cooperative Learning in Overcoming Reticence in College English Classroom

In order to explore the effectiveness of cooperative learning in overcoming college English classroom reticence,an experimental study was conducted with 134 non-English majors involved.The pre-and-post comparative analysis of classroom reticent level in the experimental classes and the controlled classes showed that cooperative learning could effectively reduce students’classroom reticence.

An Analysis of Reasons for Student Reticence in EFL Classrooms at Tertiary Level in China

It is generally accepted that students' oral participation plays a crucial role in the EFL classrooms. However, students' apparent reticent behavior in English classes is found to become a common phenomenon in China. With the increasing importance of English speaking skills, there is a pressing need for teachers in universities to be aware of the reasons for student reticence, help students to adopt an active participatory role in class and provide them with more opportunities to practice their oral English.

On John Francis Davis and“Reticent”Policy

On the eve of the Opium War,J.F.Davis,His Majesty’s Chief Superintendent of British Trade in China,put forward“Reticent”policy to ease the Sino-British relations after“Napier’s Fizzle”.The“Reticent”policy is an informal foreign policy towards China,the main purpose of which is to safeguard Britain’s economic interests in China.However,due to the compromise of this policy,it aroused the dissatisfaction and resistance of British businessmen in China,so it was not implemented for a long time.After the“Reticent”policy failed,the British government turned to the“gunboat”policy.

On Spatial Distribution Pattern of Broccoli Clubroot Disease and and the Sampling Technique

[Objective] To further improve the prediction and forecast and continuous control ability of broccoli clubroot disease. [Methods] The spatial distribution pattern of diseased or infected plants was analyzed using the least square method, fre- quency distribution, aggregation index, m＊-m regression analysis and Taylor＇s pow- er law model. [Result] The field distribution of broccoli plants with clubroot disease tended to be aggregated distribution, m＇-m regression analysis showed that the el- ementary composition of the spatial distribution of diseased or infected plants was individual colony, the individuals attracted each other; the disease had obvious dis- ease focus in the field, and the individual colony showed uniform distribution pattern in the field. Taylor＇s power law showed that the spatial pattern of individual dis- eased or infected plant with clubroot disease tended to be uniform distribution with the increase of the density. On the basis of this, Iwao optimal theoretical sampling model and sequential sampling model were established, namely N =273.954 1/m- 59.698 5, To （N）=0.368 4N±1.926 8√N, respectively, it meant that when surveying N plants, if the accumulative incidence rate exceeded upper bound, the field can be set as control object; if the accumulative incidence rate didn＇t reach lower bound, it can be set as uncontrol field; if the accumulative incidence rate was between upper bound and lower bound, it should be surveyed continuously until the maximum sample size （mo=0.368 4） appeared, that was, the disease incidence was 15%, so the sampling number should be 684 plants. [Conclusion] The research results had very important instructive meaning for disease control.

THE RETICAL STUDIES ON THE THERMOLYSIS OF THIETANE

The mechanism of the thermolysis of thietane to form ethylene and thioformaldehyde has been studied by using ab initio SCF MO method at STO-3G* and 3-21G* level.It has been found that there are two possible stepwise pathways.One is to break C-C bond firstly,while the other is to break C-S bond at first.The cleavage of C-S bond is pre- ferred over that of C-C bond.

基于Retic理论概念的农业经济 可持续发展策略

在中国经济步入新常态发展的背景下,稳定农业经济增长必须着眼于经济结构对称态下的农业可持续发展。当前农业经济可持续发展尚未能形成健全完整的运行体系,资源(resources)、环境(environment)、人才(talents)、产业(industry)、循环(circulation)五大要素直接影响了农业经济可持续发展。针对这五大要素提出Retic理论概念并对各要素的现状和形成问题的原因进行综合分析,最后通过完善资源节约发展新模式,优化环境友好发展新结构,强化人才支撑,驱动产业发展,构建循环系统的农业发展策略,来促使新常态的背景下农业经济可持续发展水平得到稳步提升。

THE INFLUENCE OF CHINESE AND AMERICANS' CONTRASTIVE VIEWS ABOUT TALK ON CLASS PARTICIPATION BY CHINESE AND AMERICAN STUDENTS

It is argued in this paper that Chinese students' preference to reticence and American students' to eloquence in class are respectively reflections of the cultural values held by the two peoples. The purpose of this paper is to explore the reasons for the differences in class participation between Chinese and American students from the perspective of cultural values. The learning behaviors of both Chinese and American students are described based on the author's observation and research. A questionnaire delivered to a number of Chinese and American students is then briefly analyzed. The paper focuses on five dimensions of contrastive values held by the Chinese and Americans, which lead to their different views about talk: high-context culture vs. low-context culture; harmony vs. confrontation; collectivism vs. individualism; obedience vs. aggression; face giving vs. facing saving.

The Engaged Spectator:Reading BL Novels in Contemporary China

Can a reader,upon reading literary fictions,be moved into social actions or engage in socially meaningful activities?If it is so,then will reading gay-themed,popular fictions mean anything for the LGBTQ issue in contemporary China?This article argues that a reader of gay-themed,“Boys Love”(or“BL”for short)novels may be moved into taking some social actions for greater tolerance and acceptance of the LGBTQ community in contemporary China,based on the concept of“engaged spectator”,which is a reconstruct of Adam Smith’s moral-psychological model of“impartial spectator”into an actively reading,socially engaged agent taking affirmative actions to bring about greater social justice.This“engaged spectator”shall have a few steps in its active reading of fictions and engaging in transformative social actions,namely“subjective identification”,“ambience appreciation”,and finally,“social engagement”-the three of which are in a lexical order.This tri-step model is based on a neuropsychological reading of Adam Smith into the reader empathy theory.Furthermore,this model is illustrated with Kirin,a popular BL novel,where the reader may engage in social actions to create a more tolerant environment for the LGBTQ community in contemporary China.The three steps outlined above shall offer us an account of explaining how an active reading experience may lead to a socially transformative result.