On Absolute Uniform Retracts, Uniform Approximation Property and Super Weakly Compact Sets of Banach Spaces

In this paper,we show that every super weakly compact convex subset of a Banach space is an absolute uniform retract,and that it also admits the uniform compact approximation property.These can be regarded as extensions of Lindenstrauss and Kalton's corresponding results.

Retracts, fixed point property and existence of periodic points

Let X be a metric space, f∈ C0(X), and V X. The set-trajectory ( V, f( V),…,fn(V)) is investigated and some conditions for f to have periodic points with given periods are obtained.

A comparative study on characteristics of retracted publications across different open access levels

Purpose:Recently,global science has shown an increasing open trend,however,the characteristics of research integrity of open access(OA)publications have rarely been studied.The aim of this study is to compare the characteristics of retracted articles across different OA levels and discover whether OA level influences the characteristics of retracted articles.Design/methodology/approach:The research conducted an analysis of 6,005 retracted publications between 2001 and 2020 from the Web of Science and Retraction Watch databases.These publications were categorized based on their OA levels,including Gold OA,Green OA,and non-OA.The study explored retraction rates,time lags and reasons within these categories.Findings:The findings of this research revealed distinct patterns in retraction rates among different OA levels.Publications with Gold OA demonstrated the highest retraction rate,followed by Green OA and non-OA.A comparison of retraction reasons between Gold OA and non-OA categories indicated similar proportions,while Green OA exhibited a higher proportion due to falsification and manipulation issues,along with a lower occurrence of plagiarism and authorship issues.The retraction time lag was shortest for Gold OA,followed by non-OA,and longest for Green OA.The prolonged retraction time for Green OA could be attributed to an atypical distribution of retraction reasons.A comparative study on characteristics of retracted publications across different open access levels Research limitations:There is no exploration of a wider range of OA levels,such as Hybrid OA and Bronze OA.Practical implications:The outcomes of this study suggest the need for increased attention to research integrity within the OA publications.The occurrences offalsification,manipulation,and ethical concerns within Green OA publications warrant attention from the scientific community.Originality/value:This study contributes to the understanding of research integrity in the realm of OA publications,shedding light on retraction patterns and reasons across different OA levels.

Amend:An integrated platform of retracted papers and concerned papers

Purpose:The notable increase in retraction papers has attracted considerable attention from diverse stakeholders.Various sources are now offering information related to research integrity,including concerns voiced on social media,disclosed lists of paper mills,and retraction notices accessible through journal websites.However,despite the availability of such resources,there remains a lack of a unified platform to consolidate this information,thereby hindering efficient searching and cross-referencing.Thus,it is imperative to develop a comprehensive platform for retracted papers and related concerns.This article aims to introduce“Amend,”a platform designed to integrate information on research integrity from diverse sources.Design/methodology/approach:The Amend platform consolidates concerns and lists of problematic articles sourced from social media platforms(e.g.,PubPeer,For Better Science),retraction notices from journal websites,and citation databases(e.g.,Web of Science,CrossRef).Moreover,Amend includes investigation and punishment announcements released by administrative agencies(e.g.,NSFC,MOE,MOST,CAS).Each related paper is marked and can be traced back to its information source via a provided link.Furthermore,the Amend database incorporates various attributes of retracted articles,including citation topics,funding details,open access status,and more.The reasons for retraction are identified and classified as either academic misconduct or honest errors,with detailed subcategories provided for further clarity.Findings:Within the Amend platform,a total of 32,515 retracted papers indexed in SCI,SSCI,and ESCI between 1980 and 2023 were identified.Of these,26,620(81.87%)were associated with academic misconduct.The retraction rate stands at 6.64 per 10,000 articles.Notably,the retraction rate for non-gold open access articles significantly differs from that for gold open access articles,with this disparity progressively widening over the years.Furthermore,the reasons for retractions have shifted from traditional individual behaviors like falsification,fabrication,plagiarism,and duplication to more organized large-scale fraudulent practices,including Paper Mills,Fake Peer-review,and Artificial Intelligence Generated Content(AIGC).Research limitations:The Amend platform may not fully capture all retracted and concerning papers,thereby impacting its comprehensiveness.Additionally,inaccuracies in retraction notices may lead to errors in tagged reasons.Practical implications:Amend provides an integrated platform for stakeholders to enhance monitoring,analysis,and research on academic misconduct issues.Ultimately,the Amend database can contribute to upholding scientific integrity.Originality/value:This study introduces a globally integrated platform for retracted and concerning papers,along with a preliminary analysis of the evolutionary trends in retracted papers.

Rotational Intravascular Multidirectional Ultrasound Catheter for Sonothrombolysis of Retracted Clots:An in Vitro and in Vivo Study

Thromboembolism in blood vessels poses a serious risk of stroke,heart attack,and even sudden death if not properly managed.Sonothrombolysis combined with ultrasound contrast agents has emerged as a promising approach for the effective treatment of thromboembolism.Recent reports have highlighted the potential of intravascular sonothrombolysis as a safe and effective treatment modality for deep vein thrombosis(DVT).However,its efficiency has not been validated through in vivo testing of retracted clots.This study aimed to develop a miniaturized multidirectional transducer featuring two 4-layer lead zir-conate titanate(PZT-5A)stacks with an aperture size of 1.4 mm1.4 mm,enabling both forward-and side-looking treatment.Integrated into a custom two-lumen 10-French(Fr)catheter,the capability of this device for intravascular sonothrombolysis was validated both in vitro and in vivo.With low-dose tissue plasminogen activators and nanodroplets,the rotational multidirectional transducer reduced the retracted clot mass(800 mg)by an average of 52%within 30 min during in vitro testing.The lysis rate was significantly higher by 37%than that in a forward-viewing transducer without rotation.This improvement was particularly noteworthy in the treatment of retracted clots.Notably,a long-retracted clot(>10 cm)was successfully treated within 40 min in vivo by creating a flow channel with a diameter>4 mm in a porcine DVT model.In conclusion,these findings strongly suggest the potential of this technique for clinical applications in sonothrombolysis,offering a feasible solution for effectively treating thromboembolism,particularly in challenging cases involving retracted clots.

A new technique for correction of iatrogenic upper eyelid retraction by using a composite flap of the orbicularis muscle and fascia on the anterior surface of the tarsal plate

Background:Upper eyelid retraction is a challenging complication of cosmetic upper eyelid blepharoplasty.To avoid extra trauma,we developed a new technique for correcting iatrogenic upper eyelid retraction by postmigrating a compound flap of the orbicularis muscle and fascia(OFC)on the anterior surface of the tarsal plate.This method extends the aponeurosis of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle(LPS),which can achieve a good correction for post-blepharoplasty retraction.Methods:We collected data from 15 patients with mild to moderate iatrogenic upper eyelid retraction who were treated at our hospital between February 2017 and December 2019.The OFC was used to replace the missing part of the LPS,and post-migration of the LPS and fixation of the OFC to the tarsal margin were conducted.Postoperative outcome measurements included postoperative binocular symmetry,double eyelid smoothness,eyelid fullness,margin reflex distance(MRD1),degree of eyelid closure,and exposure keratitis.The patients were followed-up at seven days,one month,and six months postoperatively.Results:One patient with moderate eyelid retraction showed undercorrection 6 months postoperatively,with the upper eyelid margin located at the upper edge of the pupil.The remaining patients had the upper eyelid margin stabilized at 1.0–2.0 mm below the upper corneal margin.Other observational indicators were satisfactory,including binocular symmetry,double eyelid fluency,and eyelid fullness.During the follow-up,no exposure keratitis was identified.The MRD1 indexes after the operation were significantly different(P<0.001)from those before the procedure.Conclusions:Extension and post-migration of the LPS using the orbicularis muscle and OFC structure can effectively correct mild iatrogenic eyelid retraction after ptosis with less damage and good postoperative eyelid morphology and closure function.

Retraction note:Clinical analysis of colistin sulfate in the treatment of pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria

In this retraction note,we describe the World Journal of Clinical Cases(WJCC)Editorial Office’s decision and reason for retracting an article published in WJCC,volume 12,issue 13.

Retraction note to:RNA-binding protein CPSF6 regulates IBSP to affect pyroptosis in gastric cancer

The authors have decided to retract the article published on World J Gastrointest Oncol(2023)for further consideration due to data errors and some misunderstandings in communication.

Retraction note to:Association between triglyceride-glucose index and colorectal polyps:A retrospective cross-sectional study

We have decided to retract the above article because we have concluded that the limitations in our data sample may potentially lead to misinterpretation of the findings.

Using Flowable Composite as Gingival Retraction Cord in Prosthodontics Dentistry: Two Case Reports: A Dental Technique

One of the most challenging factors affecting impression quality and good marginal fit is the gingival retraction method, which aims to separate the gingiva from the tooth to expose the finishing line of the prepared tooth. Bleeding and contamination from the crevicular fluid may compete for space with the impression material within the sulcus, leading to indistinct preparations and a lack of detail at the margin. In addition, such procedures might damage the PDL and cause permanent recession. Flowable composite cable, as opposed to traditional retraction cords, offers the proper marginal seal and visibility during the impression record because of its lower viscosity, improved adaptability, and elastic properties. The aim of this report is to present a brand-new, innovative method for controlling gingival hemorrhage in addition to the gingival retraction in restorative and prosthodontic treatment by utilizing a flowable composite during the final impression record procedure. In these case reports, the flowable composite cord technique is used instead of traditional gingival cords to modify and refine the gingival tissue before taking the traditional final impression or digital scan. Two cases were done for patients undergoing fixed prosthodontics and veneer treatment within a 2-year follow-up period. In addition, the flowable composite cord was used as temporary restoration before the final prosthetic cementation or under the provisional crowns. As a result, clean and healthy gingival tissues render cementation of the final prosthesis quicker and easier to perform. The patients in both cases claimed that their prosthodontic treatments, which involved the application of a flowable composite cord to temporarily retraction the gingiva, had produced good outcomes at the yearlong follow-up. In conclusion, the flowable composite cord technique is found to be a useful tool to improve the quality of impressions in fixed prosthodontics by providing excellent access for impression material to record fine details of the finish line of the prepared tooth structure, and to alter the inflamed tissue into a healthy tissue.

Retractions of One Dimensional Manifold

Our aim in the present article is to introduce and study types of retraction of one dimensional manifold. New types of geodesics in one dimensional manifold are presented. The deformation retracts of one dimensional manifold into itself and onto geodesics is deduced. Also, the isometric and topological folding in each case and the relation between the deformations retracts after and before folding has been obtained. New types of conditional folding are described.

A Geometrical Characterization of Spatially Curved Roberstion-Walker Space and Its Retractions

Our aim in the present article is to introduce and study new types of retractions of closed flat Robertson-Walker W4 model. Types of the deformation retract of closed flat Robertson-Walker W4 model are obtained. The relations between the retraction and the deformation retract of curves in W4 model are deduced. Types of minimal retractions of curves in W4 model are also presented. Also, the isometric and topological folding in each case and the relation between the deformation retracts after and before folding have been obtained. New types of homotopy maps are deduced. New types of conditional folding are presented. Some commutative diagrams are obtained.

GEOMETRIC DESIGN OF DEPLOYABLE/RETRACTABLE MAST

To simplify the complicated design process of deployable/retractable structures, a new design process is developed. The process is divided into three phases： the concept design phase, the model phase and the optimization phase. In each phase, different parameter targets have to be fulfilled. According to three phases, a deployable/retractable mast composed of four right triangle prism modules in the longitudinal direction is designed. It can be deployed and folded simultaneously by the linear movements of sleeve-joints. The deployable and retractable movement of the mast is analyzed and key joint forms are designed. Then bar diameters and joint forms are modified based on mast structural mechanics characteristics in the optimization phase. Finally a 1：1 scaled model mast is built to verify the design and the optimization. Analytical results show that the model mast has the advantages of simple locking mechanism, fewer types of joints and bars, so it can be easily manufactured.

Duane综合征合并内耳道畸形1例

Duane综合征(Duane’s retraction syndrome,DRS)为常染色体显性遗传疾病,症状多表现在眼科,即眼球外展受限和眼球内陷。部分患者可伴有耳部发育不良,听力下降或其他系统的发育畸形。因该疾病临床少见,耳鼻咽喉科对其了解较少,现报道1例。1临床资料患儿,男,4岁,主诉反复头疼,高热,呕吐3年。患儿3年前无明显诱因出现头疼,高热,呕吐,在当地医院诊断为'化脓性脑膜炎',抗感染治疗可好转。但此后每间隔20 d到半年时间症状反复,共发作脑膜炎6次。

幂等元、retract和不动点

用范畴论方法讨论了幂等元、ｒｅｔｒａｃｔ与不动点子空间的性质及其联系．

On Elastic Klein Bottle and Fundamental Groups

The purpose of this paper is to give a combinatorial characterization and also construct representations of the fundamental group of the submanifolds of elastic Klein Bottle by using some geometrical transformations. The homotopy groups of the limit elastic Klein Bottle are presented. The fundamental groups of some types of geodesics in elastic Klein Bottle are discussed. New types of homotopy maps are deduced. Theorems governing this connection are achieved.

On the Geometry of Curves in Minkowski 3-Space and Its Foldings

We will introduce a new connection between some transformations and some aspects of differential geometry of some curves in Minkowski space. The concept of folding, retractions and contraction on some curves in Minkowski space will be characterized by using some aspects of differential geometry. Types of the deformation retracts of some curves in Minkowski 3-space are obtained. The relations between the foldings and the deformation retracts of some curves are deduced. The connections between some transformations and time like, space like, light like of some curves in Minkowski 3-space are also presented.

Apical Root Resorption in Maxillary Incisors When Employing Micro-implant and J-hook Headgear Anchorage: A 4-month Radiographic Study

This study evaluated,over a 4-month study period,the amount of apical root resorption occurring in maxillary central incisors following their retraction when employing either micro-implant or J-hook headgear anchorage.The prospective randomised clinical trial was conducted in Orthodontic Clinic,College of Stomatology,China from 2008-2009.Subjects are patients requiring fixed appliances on waiting list (n=20).In female Han Chinese patients aged from 16-26 years,standardized periapical radiographs from 10 randomly assigned patients with maxillary protrusions comprising the micro-implant group,and from 10 similar patients comprising the J-hook headgear group,were assessed for maxillary central incisor apical root resorption.Measurements before and after orthodontic therapy were also obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs to calculate incisor horizontal retraction and vertical intrusion distances.Estimated retraction force vectors were calculated in horizontal and vertical directions for both treatment groups.Data analysis employed t-tests and the Pearson correlation test,with α=0.05 for statistical significance.The results showed that when compared with the J-hook group,significantly more apical root resorption shortening of the maxillary central incisors was observed in the micro-implant group (1.27 mm difference,95% CI=0.70-1.84,P<0.001),which was associated with a significantly larger retraction distance (P=0.004) and a smaller vertical force component (P<0.0001).We are led to conclude that continuous activation of the nickel-titanium coil springs used in the micro-implant group resulted in significantly more apical root resorption shortening and maxillary central incisor retraction than when intermittent J-hook retraction was employed.The employment of continuous duration orthodontic forces presents a risk for increased apical root resorption that requires careful radiographic monitoring.

Long-term effect of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of upper lid retraction with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy

AIM： To report the long-term outcomes of a large cohort of upper lid retraction patients treated with subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide injections.METHODS： This retrospective clinical study was conducted from 2009 to 2016. The documents of 97 patients（126 eyes） were reviewed. The patients were treated with subconjunctival triamcinolone acetonide injections monthly and evaluated pre-and post-treatment by taking measurements of the upper margin reflex distance（MRD1, the distance between the upper-lid margin and the pupil center）, lid aperture, lagophthalmos and proptosis. The patients were divided into the cured group, the improved group and the ineffective group based on the final treatment effectiveness. The improved group and the ineffective group were combined into non-cured group.RESULTS： The follow-up time was 23.45±14.86 mo. Of the patients, 63（64.9%） were assigned to the cured group, 22（22.7%） in the improved group, 12（12.4%） in the ineffective group. Injection times for cured group was 4.66±1.74, and for non-cured group was 5.17±2.08（P≤0.05）. The MRD1 was significantly reduced between baseline and 1 mo after the initiation of treatment in the cured and improved groups（P〈0.001）. The values did not change significantly after 4 mo for the improved group, while they continued to decrease in the cured group. In the ineffective group, the MRD1 did not significantly change after treatment. A statistically significant difference was observed between the baseline and post-treatment values of the mean muscle thickness（2.95±0.99 mm vs 2.04±0.63 mm, P〈0.05） and surface area（27.27±10.5 mm2 vs 18.3±7.04 mm2,P〈0.05） of the levator superioris with magnetic resonance imaging examination. Twelve patients（12.4%） relapsed after treatment and required additional subconjunctival injections. The main side effects included menstrual cycle disturbances（32%） and elevations of intra-ocular pressure（18.6%）. CONCLUSION： A repeated subconjunctival injection of triamcinolone is an effective and relatively safe treatment for upper lid retraction due to thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. This is related to the anti-inflammation effect of the medicine and the levator thickness can become thinner. Patients must be monitored regularly for recurrences and side effects.