A Sensitive Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for the Quantitative Determination of Milk Xanthine Oxidase Activity

A new reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography method was developed to quantitate the activity of xanthine oxidase involved in milk fat globule membrane with xanthine as the substrate and the separation of product (uric acid). The increment of uric acid in the reaction system was used to calculate the total activity of XO. The optimized assay conditions, linearity of detection, recovery of uric acid and chromatogram were developed in text, indicating this method is simple, rapid and efficient. It is an alternative potential method for the determination of the activity of XO in milk.

Simultaneous Determination of Amlodipine with H₁-Receptor Antagonists by Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Application to Interaction Studies

A rapid, fast and precise method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of amlodipine with H1-receptor antagonists (cetirizine, fexofenadine, and buclizine) from dosage forms. The chromatography was performed on a Purospher? Star, C18 (5 mm, 250 × 4.6 mm) column using acetonitrile: buffer (0.01 mM) (40:60, v/v, pH adjusted to 3.0), as a mobile phase. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 and UV detection was performed at 240 nm. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision and specificity. The method was applied to study the interaction between amlodipine and H1-receptor antagonists. These interactions were carried out in simulated gastric juice (pH 1), simulated full stomach (pH 4), blood pH (pH 7.4) and simulating GI (pH 9). The interacting drugs were heated at 37℃ with intermit-tent shaking and the samples were withdrawn every thirty minutes for three hours and drug contents were analyzed by RP-HPLC techniques. In most cases the in vitro availability of amlodipine was decreased. It was observed that the change in in vitro availability was pH dependent.

Quantitative analysis by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and retinal neuroprotection after topical administration of moxonidine

AIM:To determine moxonidine in aqueous humor and iris-ciliary body by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC),and to evaluate the retinal neuroprotective effect after topical administration with moxonidine in a high intraocular pressure(IOP)model.METHODS:The eyes of albino rabbits were administered topically and ipsilaterally with 0.2%moxonidine.A RPHPLC method was employed for the identification and quantification of moxonidine between 2 and 480 min,which presented in the aqueous humor and iris-ciliary body.Flash electroretinography(F-ERG)amplitude and superoxide dismutase(SOD)level were measured between day 1 and day 15 after topical administration with moxonidine in a rabbit model of high IOP.Histological and ultrastructural observation underwent to analyze the changes of retinal morphology,the inner retinal layers(IRL)thickness,and retinal ganglion cell(RGC)counting.RESULTS:Moxonidine was detectable between 2 and 480 min after administration,and the peak concentration developed both in the two tissues at 30 min,0.51μg/m Lin aqueous humor and 1.03μg/g in iris-ciliary body.In comparison to control,F-ERG b-wave amplitude in moxonidine eyes were significantly differences between day 3 and day 15(P<0.01)in the high IOP model;SOD levels were significantly higher at all time-points(P<0.01)with a maximum level of 20.29 U/mgprot at day 15;and RGCs were significantly higher(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Moxonidine is a viable neuroprotective agent with application to high IOP model.All layers of retina,including RGC layer,retinal nerve fiber layer and INL,are more preserved after moxonidine administration.SOD plays a neuroprotective role in ocular hypertension-mediated RGC death.

PEAK IDENTIFICATION FROM INTERACTION INDEX IN REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

The interaction index c which was derived from the fundamental retention equationlogk’ =a + cC_B in reversed--phase high--performancc liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) quan-titatively describes the difference in the interaction between solute--strong. solvent andsolute--weak solvent; it has shown to be a constant for a specific solute even when columnsystems with different C18 packings are used. The theoretical basis for peak identificationby using interaction index has been proposed, which was based on the a,c values on stan-dard C18 column by utilizing linear a-a plots on column pairs and the linear relationship be-tween parameters a and c for the structural related compounds. Through the establishmentof parameters a,c data based on the standard C18 column for a certain type of compounds,the retention of thesc compounds on various C18 columns can be predicted. Typical exam-ples have been given to verify the correctness of this method.

高效液相色谱-质谱技术在蛋白质组学中的应用

蛋白质组学研究在生物医学领域发挥了重要作用,然而研究面临的主要难点在于其研究对象的复杂性和多样性。随着质谱技术的快速发展,高效液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS)分离分析复杂生物样品已经成为蛋白质组学研究的基础工具。蛋白质组学的研究从肽段分离,延伸到蛋白质和蛋白质复合物的分离,随着分析物的分子质量不断增大,其结构和组成复杂性也持续增加,分子特性也发生改变。面对不同的蛋白质组学研究对象,选择不同的分离模式、分离条件以及固定相参数是进行深度蛋白质组学研究的关键。本文综述了实验室常用的液相色谱分离模式,包括反相色谱(RPLC)、亲水相互作用色谱(HILIC)、疏水相互作用色谱(HIC)、离子交换色谱(IEC)和体积排阻色谱(SEC),以及其不同的组合模式与质谱联用在自下而上(bottom-up)分析、自上而下(top-down)分析、蛋白-蛋白相互作用分析中应用的研究。具体分析了色谱流动相与被分析对象之间的兼容性问题、色谱流动相与质谱兼容性问题,以及多维色谱中不同色谱模式之间流动相的兼容性问题。重点关注存在不兼容问题时研究者所提出的解决方案。此外,本文还评述了HPLC-MS结合样本前处理的方法在外泌体和单细胞蛋白质组学中的应用研究。总之,文章聚焦于近年来HPLC-MS技术在蛋白质组学中的研究进展,旨在为未来蛋白质组学领域的研究提供参考。

高效液相色谱法测定金银花中绿原酸及木犀草苷含量

为同时测定鲜金银花中绿原酸及木犀草苷的含量,建立了一种反向高效液相色谱法,使用超声萃取进行前处理,优化了提取溶剂、提取温度、流动相等条件,并进行了方法学考察。结果表明,绿原酸和木犀草苷在0.5~100.0 mg/mL内呈现良好的线性,R^(2)>0.999,加标回收率为96%~108%,重复性RSD分别为2.05%和2.44%。说明该方法操作简便,结果准确,可用于鲜金银花中绿原酸及木犀草苷含量的测定。

混合型离子交换反相吸附固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定水中23种非甾体抗炎药的残留

非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)作为一种新型有机污染物,在环境水体中普遍检出,对生态系统及人体健康造成潜在的威胁,开发准确、可靠的测定水中痕量非甾体抗炎药的检测方法至为重要.本文采用Oasis MCX固相萃取柱对水样进行富集,建立测定水中23种非甾体抗炎药的超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱分析方法.采用酸性条件(pH=4)萃取水样,上样的流速为2 mL·min^(−1),用4 mL甲醇-4 mL5%氨水甲醇进行洗脱,浓缩定容后用ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm),以2 mmol·L^(−1)乙酸铵+0.05%(V/V)甲酸水溶液-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应选择离子监测(MRM)模式进行检测,内标法定量.23种NSAIDs在相关线性范围内线性良好(r=0.9951—0.9992),回收率为80.2%—120%,相对标准偏差为0.4%—12.5%,方法检出限为0.20—4.84 ng·L^(−1).将该方法应用于10份地表水的检测,结果显示有10种NSAIDs检出,质量浓度在ND—83.5 ng·L^(−1)之间.该方法简单、灵敏、高效,可应用于环境水体中NSAIDs的检测.

初榨橄榄油中多酚类化合物含量随油橄榄果生长发育的累积变化

旨在为甘肃陇南橄榄油的质量评价和油橄榄鲜果采收时间提供指导,探究了不同品种初榨橄榄油(VOO)中多酚类化合物(PPs)随油橄榄果生长发育的累积变化。以甘肃陇南不同成熟度的8个品种油橄榄鲜果为原料,采用压榨法获得VOO,利用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定VOO中的9种PPs含量。结果表明:VOO中总多酚的含量主要由酪醇和橄榄苦苷决定,橄榄苦苷是含量最高的PPs,且其含量随油橄榄果成熟度指数(MI)变化最明显;VOO中木犀草苷含量均较低,阿魏酸和芹菜素仅在个别品种中检测到,芦丁在所测油品中均未检测到;‘阿斯’‘鄂植8号’‘中山24号’和‘佛奥’4个品种VOO的PPs评估数据表现良好,分别在MI为0~1.0、2.0~4.0、0~2.0和5.0~7.0表现最佳,建议这4个品种油橄榄鲜果的采收时间分别为9月下旬、11月上旬、9月下旬至10月上旬以及11月下旬,而‘切姆拉尔’VOO在PPs种类和总含量等评估数据中表现不佳。综上,可以依据不同MI的油橄榄鲜果制备的VOO中多酚含量,尤其是酪醇和橄榄苦苷含量,确定不同品种油橄榄鲜果的采收时间,并进行VOO的品质评价。

采收期、生长年限和加工方法对黄花乌头不同部位中关附甲素含量的影响

目的:为规范黄花乌头的人工栽培,通过优化高效液相法,对不同采收时期、生长年限黄花乌头不同部位中关附甲素的含量进行测定,比较不同加工方法对关附甲素含量的影响,为制定黄花乌头合理的采收时间和加工方式提供依据。方法:采用反相离子对高效液相色谱法,测定黄花乌头中不同部位中关附甲素的含量;色谱柱为安捷伦Zorbax SB-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相A为2 mg/mL庚烷磺酸钠水溶液(含0.2%三乙胺并以H_(3)PO_(4)调pH值至3.0),流动相B为乙腈,采用梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为205 nm,柱温20℃。结果:关附甲素的质量浓度在0.0251~0.2513 mg/mL^(2)范围内线性关系良好(R^(2)=1),精密度、重复性、稳定性试验结果的RSD均≤1.0%;平均加样回收率为97.83%,RSD为3.5%。不同采收期黄花乌头不同部位中9月份采集的样品子根含量最高,说明9月份为最佳采收期。不同生产年限样品中,三年生和三年以上生黄花乌头母根含量相差不大,但均大于两年生母根,地上部分中所含关附甲素都明显小于根部。不同加工方法所得关白附中关附甲素的含量大小依次为:阴干>晒干>炕干,说明不同条件对含量的影响较大。结论:建立的含量测定方法专属性强、精密度、重复性和稳定性较好,结果可靠,黄花乌头的最佳采收期为9月份,生长期限为3年,本研究为黄花乌头科学的人工栽培采收提供了实验依据。

高效液相色谱法测定异烟酸辛酰肼含量

目的:异烟肼及其衍生物作为治疗肺结核的一线药物,其含量测定在药物的研发及应用中至关重要。然而,异烟肼的含量测定方法虽常有报道,但是针对异烟肼衍生物的含量测定方法却鲜有报道。因此本研究构建一种适用于测定异烟酸辛酰肼(INH-CHO)的反相高效液相色谱法(reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography,RP-HPLC),用于INH-CHO的含量检测。方法:采用Capcell Pak C18 MG II S5色谱柱,柱温为30℃,以pH=6.0磷酸盐缓冲液:甲醇=30:70为流动相进行洗脱,流速为1 mL/min,进样0.02 mL,在262 nm处检测,考察该方法学的线性关系、精密度、准确度及定量限。结果:INH-CHO的保留时间为9.2 min,在1~240μg/mL、0.1~1μg/mL浓度范围内都具有较好的线性关系(R~2>0.9990),在该色谱条件下测定INH-CHO的日内精密度、日间精密度、准确度较好,定量限为0.1μg/mL。结论:在实验浓度范围内,该方法线性良好、操作简便、结果精确、可重现,适用于INH-CHO的含量检测。

水浸提-乙醚提取-碱溶液反提取-高效液相色谱法测定多种基质食品中丙酸的含量

鉴于现有检测食品中丙酸的前处理方法存在基质净化效果差、耗费时间长等缺点,进行了题示研究。取5 g样品,加入30 mL水,涡旋5 min,超声30 min。冷却至室温后,将溶液酸度调节至p H7.0±0.5,加入183 g·L^(-1)乙酸锌溶液和92 g·L^(-1)亚铁氰化钾溶液各0.6 mL,用水稀释至50 mL,混匀,离心5 min。取1.0 mL上清液,加入1 mol·L^(-1)磷酸溶液40μL和2.5 mL乙醚,涡旋5 min,离心5 min。重复提取过程一次,合并乙醚层,加入0.025 mol·L^(-1)氢氧化钠溶液1.0 mL,涡旋5 min,离心5 min。收集下层相,过0.45μm尼龙滤膜。滤液进入高效液相色谱仪,在Thermo Hypersil Gold C18色谱柱上以体积比5∶95的甲醇和1.5 g·L^(-1)磷酸氢二铵溶液的混合溶液(p H 2.6,用磷酸调节)为流动相等度洗脱分离丙酸,在214 nm波长下测定。结果显示:丙酸的质量浓度在0.01~0.5 g·L^(-1)内和峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.03 g·kg^(-1)。对多种基体食品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为84.8%~95.3%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.8%~6.2%。方法用于多基质食品的分析,检测结果与GB 5009.120—2016中蒸馏法的相对误差绝对值不大于10%。

RP-HPLC-ELSD法测定逍遥颗粒中柴胡皂苷c、a、d的含量

目的:采用反相高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(RP-HPLC-ELSD)法同时测定逍遥颗粒中柴胡皂苷c、a、d三种成分的含量。方法:采用安捷伦(Agilent)SB-C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(A)-水(B)。梯度洗脱程序为0~18min,30%A;18~26min,35%~45%A;26~35min,45%~55%A。流速为1.0ml/min,柱温为30℃,气体流速为2.5L/min,蒸发温度为60℃,进样量为10μl。结果:柴胡皂苷c、a、d分别在0.950~19.000μg、1.088~21.760μg、1.520~30.400μg的范围内线性关系良好。柴胡皂苷c平均回收率为99.49%,RSD为0.35%(n=9);柴胡皂苷a平均回收率为99.99%,RSD为0.66%(n=9);柴胡皂苷d平均回收率为99.12%,RSD为0.47%(n=9)。结论:该方法准确、灵敏、重复性好,可作为逍遥颗粒中柴胡皂苷c、a、d的含量测定方法。

A Stability Indicating Reverse Phase-HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Estimation of Rucaparib in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form

The research was carried out for establishing a new reverse phase-HPLC stability indicating method for the quantification of Rucaparib. The experiment was determined on Waters HPLC instrument using 996 photo-diode array detector. The separation was done by using symmetry C-18 ODS (25 cm × 0.46 cm internal diameter) 5 μm analytical column containing mobile phase of Phosphate buffer (0.02 M) and methanol [65:35% v/v] adjusted pH to 4.8 by adding dilute ortho phosphoric acid. The method was run at 1 ml·min-1 at 286 nm detection. The drug was eluted at 5.484 min. After developing the method, it was assured for the intended use by validation which was done according to ICH Q2B guidelines. The analytical parameters checked were linearity, accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision, limit of detection, limit of quantitation, ruggedness and robustness. It was observed that the response of the detector was linear in the range of 6 - 14 μg/ml with correlation coefficient of 0.999. The results of all the parameters were found to be within the acceptance criteria. The stability indicating assay method was established by using the samples generated by forced degradation process. The forced degradation was carried out by subjecting the drug to acid, alkali, thermal, oxidative and photolytic degradation and the results showed that the degradation products were successfully separated from the drug. Hence, this can be applied perfectly later for the analysis of quality of the rucaparib drug.

A Stability Indicating Reverse Phase-HPLC Method Development and Validation for the Estimation of Bimatoprost 0.3% &Timolol 0.5% Pharmaceutical Ophthalmic Dosage Form

The research was carried out to establish a new reverse phase-HPLC stability indicating method for quantifying Bimatoprost & Timolol in ophthalmic solution. The experiment of Bimatoprost & Timolol in ophthalmic solution method development was determined on Waters HPLC instrument using a UV Detector. The separation was done by using L11, Zorbex SB phenyl (4.6 mm × 250 mm internal diameter) 5 μm analytical column, containing mobile phase of Phosphate buffer (0.02 M), methanol, and acetonitrile [50:30:20 % v/v]. The method was run at 1 ml·min-1 at 210 nm for Bimatoprost and 295 nm for Timolol for detection. The drug was eluted at 10.81 min for Bimatoprost and 3.77 min for Timolol. After developing the method, it was assured for the intended use by validation, which was done according to ICH Q2B guidelines. The analytical parameters checked were Specificity/Selectivity, linearity, Range, accuracy, ruggedness, and robustness. It was observed that the response of the detector was linear in the range of 6 - 18 μg/ml with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The results of all the parameters were found to be within the acceptance criteria. The stability-indicating assay method was established by using the samples generated by the forced degradation process. The forced degradation was carried out by subjecting the drug to acid, alkali, thermal, oxidative, and photolytic degradation, and the results showed that the degradation products were successfully separated from the drug. Hence, this can be applied perfectly later for the quantitative analysis of Bimatoprost 0.3% + Timolol 0.5% Ophthalmic Solution drugs for pharmaceutical use. Currently, there is no official method for Bimatoprost & Timolol combination products in USP or BP. Available research work related to single Bimatoprost or Timolol products was not suitable for testing Bimatoprost and Timolol combination drugs. Additionally, there is no stability-indicating method to test Bimatoprost & Timolol combination products which insist us to do research and develop a new reverse phase-HPLC indicating method which will be faster and more accurate.

RP-HPLC法同时测定紫苏叶提取物没食子酸、迷迭香酸、木犀草素含量研究

目的建立安徽地区紫苏叶中没食子酸、迷迭香酸和木犀草素成分的含量同时检测方法。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,Symmetry C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇(A)-0.1%磷酸溶液(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长272 nm同时检测没食子酸、迷迭香酸和木犀草素含量。采用SPSS 17.0对测定结果进行分析,比较本地主产区紫苏叶中各成分的含量差异。结果没食子酸、迷迭香酸和木犀草素分别在33.80~101.2μg/mL,33.60~100.8μg/mL,34.00~102.0μg/mL呈线性关系,平均加样回收率分别为98.04%(RSD=1.50%,n=6),96.40%(RSD=0.53%,n=6)和96.49%(RSD=1.89%,n=6)。结论此方法简单方便,稳定可重复,可作为安徽地区主产地紫苏叶没食子酸、迷迭香酸和木犀草素成分含量的检测依据。

RP-HPLC法同时检测石榴皮3种多酚类提取物含量研究

采用RP-HPLC法,Symmetry C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇(A)-0.2%磷酸溶液(B)为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,检测波长272 nm同时检测安石榴苷、鞣花酸和没食子酸含量。采用SPSS 17.0对测定结果进行分析,比较不同品种石榴皮中各成分的含量差异。结果表明,安石榴苷、鞣花酸、没食子酸分别在13.120~209.92μg/mL,13.325~213.20μg/mL和13.275~212.40μg/mL与峰面积呈线性关系,平均加样回收率为97.58%(RSD:1.02%,n=6),99.31%(RSD:0.94%,n=6)和98.63%(RSD:0.70%,n=6)。白玉石榴皮中安石榴苷、鞣花酸的含量分别为7.13%和1.00%,比红酸石榴皮中的含量高。安徽地区石榴皮中安石榴苷、鞣花酸、没食子酸3种成分含量同时检测方法的灵敏度高、准确度好、重现性一致,可用于安徽本地石榴皮部位中安石榴苷、鞣花酸、没食子酸成分含量同时检测。

反相超高效液相色谱分析小麦麦谷蛋白组分研究

为利用反相超高效液相色谱(RP-UPLC)分离、定量分析小麦麦谷蛋白组分,研究了流动相比例、洗脱时间、柱温、流速和进样量对色谱分离结果的影响,并利用新建立的分离麦谷蛋白亚基的方法分析了基因型及环境对麦谷蛋白组分的影响。结果表明,最优的洗脱程序为79%的流动相A(含0.08%三氟乙酸的超纯水)和21%的流动相B(含0.08%三氟乙酸的乙腈溶液)洗脱5 min,在25 min内,流动相A逐渐降低至48%,流动相B逐渐增加至52%,最后维持5 min,柱温、流速和进样量分别为55℃、0.5 mL·min^(-1)和16μL,该方法可以精确分离至少11种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)。单个HMW-GS的相对含量和HMW-GS与低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS)的比值均受基因型和环境的影响,且基因型的影响大于环境。

反相高效液相色谱法测定大豆磷脂中磷脂酰胆碱含量

建立一种通过反相高效液相色谱-紫外测定大豆磷脂中磷脂酰胆碱含量的方法。结果表明:方法的流动相为异丙醇-甲醇-水,且大豆磷脂酰胆碱在0.4615~2.3075 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好(R^(2)=0.9977);方法的检出限为1.4 mg/g、平均回收率为99.8%、相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.41%。方法的精确度高、重复性好,适用于大豆磷脂中磷脂酰胆碱含量的测定。

大豆低聚肽的分离纯化及呈鲜序列鉴定

为了分析大豆低聚肽中鲜味肽成分,本文通过纳滤分离结合感官评价对大豆低聚肽进行了初步分离得到鲜味最佳组分Pb-3,通过凝胶过滤层析从Pb-3中分离出鲜味和增鲜效果最强的Fb-2,进一步采用反相高效液相色谱分离出鲜味效果最佳的Kb-2,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法从Kb-2中鉴定出鲜味肽.结果显示:与对照组相比,相对分子质量为300~500的大豆低聚肽Kb-2具有较强的鲜味和增鲜效果;鉴定出3种鲜味肽,分别为2个四肽Val-Thr-Val-Glu(VTVE)、Leu-Glu-Lys-Asp(LEKD)和1个三肽Trp-Glu-Arg(WER).本研究为大豆低聚肽生产复合调味品提供了理论支持.

反向高效液相色谱法同时测定复方氨酚烷胺片中三种主要组分的含量

目的建立复方氨酚烷胺片中三种主要组分含量测定的反向高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)法。方法色谱柱选用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相选用85∶15的戊烷磺酸钠-甲醇溶液(0.05 mol/L),流速及柱温分别设置为1.0 ml/min、30℃,检测波长选取216 nm,进样量设定20μl,进样测定复方氨酚烷胺片中马来酸氯苯那敏、对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因的含量,并进行方法学考察。结果马来酸氯苯那敏在2.25~42.90 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9971),对乙酰氨基酚在30.10~526.71 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9983),咖啡因在4.50~96.82 mg/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9989)。马来酸氯苯那敏、对乙酰氨基酚、咖啡因的加样回收率为分别为98.49%(RSD=0.844%)、99.39%(RSD=0.607%)、99.70%(RSD=0.159%)。结论应用RP-HPLC测定复方氨酚烷胺片中三种主要组分的含量,具有较好的准确性和重现性,且方法简单迅速,可用于其主要组分的含量测定及质量控制。