Liquefaction susceptibility and deformation characteristics of saturated coral sandy soils subjected to cyclic loadings-a critical review

Coral sandy soils widely exist in coral island reefs and seashores in tropical and subtropical regions.Due to the unique marine depositional environment of coral sandy soils,the engineering characteristics and responses of these soils subjected to monotonic and cyclic loadings have been a subject of intense interest among the geotechnical and earthquake engineering communities.This paper critically reviews the progress of experimental investigations on the undrained behavior of coral sandy soils under monotonic and cyclic loadings over the last three decades.The focus of coverage includes the contractive-dilative behavior,the pattern of excess pore-water pressure(EPWP)generation and the liquefaction mechanism and liquefaction resistance,the small-strain shear modulus and strain-dependent shear modulus and damping,the cyclic softening feature,and the anisotropic characteristics of undrained responses of saturated coral sandy soils.In particular,the advances made in the past decades are reviewed from the following aspects:(1)the characterization of factors that impact the mechanism and patterns of EPWP build-up;(2)the identification of liquefaction triggering in terms of the apparent viscosity and the average flow coefficient;(3)the establishment of the invariable form of strain-based,stress-based,or energy-based EPWP ratio formulas and the unique relationship between the new proxy of liquefaction resistance and the number of cycles required to reach liquefaction;(4)the establishment of the invariable form of the predictive formulas of small strain modulus and strain-dependent shear modulus;and(5)the investigation on the effects of stress-induced anisotropy on liquefaction susceptibility and dynamic deformation characteristics.Insights gained through the critical review of these advances in the past decades offer a perspective for future research to further resolve the fundamental issues concerning the liquefaction mechanism and responses of coral sandy sites subjected to cyclic loadings associated with seismic events in marine environments.

A Brief Review and Prospect of Treatment of Proteinuria by Tripterygium Wilfordii

Tripterygium wilfordii (TW) was reported by LI Lei-shi, et al in 1981 to have marked effect in reducing proteinuria when it was used to treat glomerular nephritis, and the conclusion they worked out has been now accepted by most of nephrologists in 20-year experimental studies and wide application in clinical practice. Its mechanism, adverse reaction and mutagenesis effects, and dosage in clinical application in the recent years are now briefly reviewed in this paper.

Progress in Earthquake Science and Technology in China: Review and Prospects (I)

In the article the author looks back the hard development course and great progress in earthquake science and technology in China during the last near a half of century and expounds the following 3 aspects: (1) The strong desire of the whole society to mitigate seismic disasters and reduce the effect of earthquakes on social-economic live is a great driving force to push forward the development of earthquake science and technology in China; (2) To better ensure people’s life and property, sustainable economic development, and social stability is an essential purpose to drive the development of earthquake science and technology in China; and (3) To insist on the dialectical connection of setup of technical system for seismic monitoring with the scientific research of earthquakes and to better handle the relation between crucial task, current scientific level, and the feasibility are the important principles to advance the earthquake science and technology in China. Some success and many setbacks in earthquake disaster mitigation consistently enrich our knowledge regarding the complexity of the conditions for earthquake occurrence and the process of earthquake preparation, promote the reconstruction and modernization of technical system for earthquake monitoring, and deepen the scientific research of earthquakes. During the last 5 years, the improvement and modernization of technical system for earthquake monitoring have clearly provided the technical support to study and practice of earthquake prediction and precaution, give prominence to key problems and broaden the field of scientific research of earthquakes. These have enabled us to get some new recognition of the conditions for earthquake occurrence and process of earthquake preparation, characteristics of seismic disaster, and mechanism for earthquake generation in China’s continent. The progress we have made not only encourages us to enhance the effectiveness of earthquake disaster mitigation, but also provides a basis for accelerating further development of earthquake science and technology in China in the new century, especially in the 10th five-year plan. Based on the history reviewed, the author sets forth a general requirement for development of earthquake science and technology in China and brings out 10 aspects to be stressed and strengthened at present and in the future. These are: upgrade and setup of the network of digitized seismic observation ; upgrade and setup of the network for observation of seismic precursors; setup of the network for observation of strong motion; setup of the laboratories for experiment on seismic regime; establishment of technical system for seismic information, emergency command and urgent rescue; research on short-term and imminent earthquake prediction; research on intermediate- and long-term earthquake prediction; research on attenuation of seismic ground motion, mechanism for seismic disaster, and control on seismic disaster; basic research fields related to seismology and geoscience. We expect that these efforts will significantly elevate the level of earthquake science and technology in China to the advanced international level, improve theories, techniques, and methods for earthquake precaution and prediction, and enhance the effectiveness of earthquake disaster mitigation.

Review and prospect of CNOOC

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REVIEW AND PROSPECTS OF THE CAS EDUCATIONAL WORK

Throughout the past 45 years since its founding,the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has always adhered to bringing forth both research achievements and talented people as its aim in running the Academy.Proceeding from the national and its own situations, the CAS has conducted a lot of helpful explorations and innovative work in initiating education and cultivating talent.As a result,it has brought up a large number of excellent S&T personnel for the country. Thanks to the direct concern of former state

Review and Prospect——Textile Industry 2009-2010

Although in 2010 textile industry still faces a series of uncertain factors, and export growth is difficult to recover in a short time, the domestic market will continue to play a significant role in the industry, structure adjustment and industrial upgrading will be carried out further in the nation. In the condition of the gradually stable international market environment, rebound can be seen in Chinese textile industry.

Review and Prospect for the International Commercial Satellite Launch Services

Prosperous Satellite Communications China is the birthplace of therocket.In the twelfth century,China began creating and usingthe rocket,which was believedthe oldest vehicle in the world.Its invention and creation demon-strates the outstanding intelli-gence and ability of the ancientChinese people. The splendid ancient civiliza-tions of China and other countriesjointly carried within themselvesthe seeds of modern space tech-nology.Through unremitting ef-forts of several thousand years,people’s good wish to fly into andexplore sapce has at last cometrue.Space technology has be-come an area which uses the

A Review and Prospect for Scientific and Engineering Computing in China

The rise of scientific computing was one of the most important advances in the S&T progress during the second half of the 20th century. Parallel with theoretical exploration and scientific experiments,scientific computing has become the 'third means' for scientific activities in the world today. The article gives a panoramic review of the subject during the past 50 years in China and lists the contributions made by Chinese scientists in this field. In addition, it reveals some key contents of related projects in the national research plan and looks into the development vista for the subject in China at the dawning years of the new century.

乡村旅游研究30年:国内外文献回顾与展望

乡村振兴是国家实现共同富裕目标的重要一环,乡村旅游是推动乡村振兴的重要手段之一.文章借助CiteSpace可视化软件,选取CNKI中国知网1 118篇中文文献和Web of Science(WOS)核心数据库1 803篇英文文献作为数据样本,对近30年来国内外乡村旅游高质量文献进行梳理和总结,分析和对比国内外乡村旅游研究的进程和热点,并对乡村旅游未来的研究趋势进行展望.结果表明:1)国内对乡村旅游的研究呈现三个阶段的特点;2)国内研究热点聚焦于乡村旅游的社区参与、产业融合和产业升级等方面;国外研究热点关注于乡村旅游目的地形象、可持续乡村旅游以及大数据在乡村旅游中的应用等方面;3)未来乡村旅游研究可从利益分配问题、多学科的拓展研究、经验本土化、数字化、乡村振兴政策结合、人与自然的协调等六个方面展开进一步的研究.

水利高质量发展政策供给体系回顾与展望

近年来,水利部大力加强水利智库建设,围绕贯彻落实习近平总书记“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路和治水重要论述精神、推动新阶段水利高质量发展,组织开展水利政策研究,加大水利政策供给力度,取得显著成效。展望今后一个时期,水利肩负新使命、面临新形势、承担新任务,亟需研究推动一批打基础、管长远、促发展的政策措施,以高质量水利政策研究助推水利高质量发展。

甘肃农业昆虫学研究回顾与展望

甘肃省地域辽阔,自然景观和生态类型复杂多样,昆虫资源极其丰富。新中国成立后,甘肃省农业昆虫学研究事业得到迅速发展,在害虫防治和昆虫资源的研究利用方面取得了较大成绩,为促进甘肃农业发展作出了重大贡献。本文从甘肃昆虫资源调查研究及保存与利用、害虫发生规律及防控技术、昆虫分子调控机理研究等方面对甘肃农业昆虫学研究进展进行了综述,以期为甘肃省昆虫学研究提供指导。

天然气消费重回增长长行业发展面临新挑战——2023年天然气发展形势与政策分析及2024年展望

2023年国际上关于天然气是否清洁低碳、在能源转型过程中如何定位、是否应支持其发展的争论不断出现,为行业发展前景增添了不确定性。地缘冲击和欧洲能源危机的影响逐步消退,国际气价回落,重回供需主导。“十四五”以来,我国能源形势发生重大变化,政策动态调整,对天然气行业具有三方面影响。甲烷控排、天然气利用、油气体制改革等多项政策出台。天然气消费止跌回升,供应保障能力提升,供需总体平衡。展望2024年,国际天然气市场将恢复增长,新增供应的不确定性有望支撑气价;国内新建LNG接收站将集中投产,天然气发展面临新挑战。

中国舞蹈表演发展历程的回顾与展望

中国舞蹈薪火相传,历经世代舞蹈家精彩的创造与演绎,为人民留下了鲜活的时代形象。舞蹈家作为舞蹈表演的主体,是推动舞蹈表演艺术发展的核心力量。本文从中国舞蹈表演的发展历程中梳理了杰出的表演家——先驱者、奠基者、传承者及创新者,从他们各具特色的表演技艺中剖析其代表性作品,旨在从中汲取艺术养分的同时不忘和反观当下舞蹈表演艺术的发展现状,并提出建立科学的、可操作的、独具中国特色的“舞蹈表演学”,可谓正当其时且十分必要。

三线建设研究述评与展望

三线建设对中国经济建设产生了持续且重要的影响。20世纪80年代,随着三线企业实施调整改造,三线建设的历史档案逐步公开,三线建设研究逐渐成为热点,研究成果不断积累。在宏观视域,主要从全国的角度探讨三线建设及调整改造的原因与背景、实施过程、评价与影响、三线遗产保护等问题。在中观视域,主要从区域的角度重点研究区域大三线企业发展布局、对区域现代化影响以及地方小三线建设等问题。在微观视域,注重对三线企业个案的建设历史、人文社会、三线群体等进行了较为集中的专题性研究。此外,对三线建设研究的理论和方法论也进行了有益的探讨。

站在巨人的肩膀上:文献综述方法的应用与展望

不同的文献综述方法对学术研究的发展有不同的价值和作用。鲜有文章对文献综述方法进行全面介绍和系统梳理。本文以318篇创业领域的综述类文章为例,进行系统梳理和分析,整理出六种主流的文献综述方法。研究发现:叙述性综述和系统文献综述的发展已经相对成熟,元分析和文献计量正处于快速发展阶段,而定性研究综合和历史计量分析处于刚刚起步阶段,学者对此的关注度不足;叙述性综述在某一研究主题的初期研究阶段能够发挥更大价值,定性研究综合和历史计量分析在研究主题的发展期更有价值,系统文献综述、元分析、文献计量在研究主题成熟期更能发挥其作用;综述方法之间存在相通性和互补性,可以将定性和定量综述方法结合使用。学者应结合研究主题发展需要和文献综述目的,选择适宜的文献综述方法,以发挥文献综述的最大价值,促进学科理论的发展与创新。最后,本文介绍了文献综述方法的其他新兴方向,并提出未来展望与建议。

农民合作社政策回顾与展望——基于新世纪中央一号文件的分析

新世纪以来,党中央高度重视农民合作社发展,连续发布的21个一号文件均涉及农民合作社。紧密结合农民合作社理论与实践,系统分析新世纪中央一号文件,有助于农民合作社政策创新。我国农民合作社政策重心亟须由数量增长向量质齐升转变。为此,应聚焦以下数端:进一步拓展农民合作社功能;适时取消财政支持政策;大力推进农民合作社规范化建设;不断强化农民合作社绿色发展;更加重视合作社人才培养;接续引导农民合作社立法完善。只有不断推进政策创新,才能实现农民合作社高质量发展。

中医药治疗男性不育症临床研究与展望

近年来,中医学者对男性不育症理论基础的不断深入研究,使男性不育症患者有望获得更为安全有效的治疗手段。随着时代的发展,中医药治疗男性不育症与时俱进,出现新思维,考虑多病机、多脏腑论治,从以往的单用补肾之法到现在的疏肝解郁、清利湿热、活血化瘀之法并用。肾虚虽是导致男性不育的最关键的病因病机,但七情、湿、热、痰、瘀、虫、毒等病理因素的影响同样不可忽视。该病辨证论治时,需注意个人特质,辨病、辨证论治相结合,以更好发挥中医药治疗之优势。中医药治疗男性不育症不仅可改善精液指标、缓解其伴随症状,还可减少可能发生的不良反应。中西医融合治疗男性不育症,优势互补,相辅相成,中医药可用于治疗西医发病机制不明确的特发性少弱精子症,并使得西医辅助生殖术后出现并发症的概率降低,提高妊娠率。但今后中医药治疗男性不育症仍需要重视理论创新,并开展高层次的临床研究,从而推动制定标准的中医药治疗男性不育症的诊疗方案,促进其临床的推广与应用。