Estimation of soil erosion risk within a small mountainous sub-watershed in Kerala,India,using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) and geo-information technology

A comprehensive methodology that integrates Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE） model and Geographic Information System （GIS） techniques was adopted to determine the soil erosion vulner- ability of a forested mountainous sub-watershed in Kerala, India. The spatial pattern of annual soil erosion rate was obtained by integrating geo-environmental variables in a raster based GIS method. GIS data layers including, rainfall erosivity （R）, soil erodability （K）, slope length and steepness （LS）, cover management （C） and conservation practice （P） factors were computed to determine their effects on average annual soil loss in the area. The resultant map of annual soil erosion shows a maximum soil loss of 17.73 t h-1 y i with a close relation to grass land areas, degraded forests and deciduous forests on the steep side-slopes （with high LS ）. The spatial erosion maps generated with RUSLE method and GIS can serve as effective inputs in deriving strategies for land planning and management in the environmentally sensitive mountainous areas.

Combining RUSLE model and the vegetation health index to unravel the relationship between soil erosion and droughts in southeastern Tunisia

Droughts and soil erosion are among the most prominent climatic driven hazards in drylands,leading to detrimental environmental impacts,such as degraded lands,deteriorated ecosystem services and biodiversity,and increased greenhouse gas emissions.In response to the current lack of studies combining drought conditions and soil erosion processes,in this study,we developed a comprehensive Geographic Information System(GIS)-based approach to assess soil erosion and droughts,thereby revealing the relationship between soil erosion and droughts under an arid climate.The vegetation condition index(VCI)and temperature condition index(TCI)derived respectively from the enhanced vegetation index(EVI)MOD13A2 and land surface temperature(LST)MOD11A2 products were combined to generate the vegetation health index(VHI).The VHI has been conceived as an efficient tool to monitor droughts in the Negueb watershed,southeastern Tunisia.The revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)model was applied to quantitatively estimate soil erosion.The relationship between soil erosion and droughts was investigated through Pearson correlation.Results exhibited that the Negueb watershed experienced recurrent mild to extreme drought during 2000–2016.The average soil erosion rate was determined to be 1.8 t/(hm2•a).The mountainous western part of the watershed was the most vulnerable not only to soil erosion but also to droughts.The slope length and steepness factor was shown to be the most significant controlling parameter driving soil erosion.The relationship between droughts and soil erosion had a positive correlation(r=0.3);however,the correlation was highly varied spatially across the watershed.Drought was linked to soil erosion in the Negueb watershed.The current study provides insight for natural disaster risk assessment,land managers,and stake-holders to apply appropriate management measures to promote sustainable development goals in fragile environments.

基于GIS和RUSLE的黄土高原小流域土壤侵蚀评估

对基于上坡汇流面积的坡长因子算法进行改进,提出考虑上坡土地利用/覆盖对汇流影响的坡长因子算法,运用GIS和RUSLE评估黄土高原四面窑沟流域的土壤侵蚀强度及其与环境因素的关系。结果表明,流域多年平均侵蚀强度4399.79t/(km2·a),属中度侵蚀;侵蚀强度和侵蚀量均随坡度增加而显著增加,80.59%的侵蚀量来源于占流域总面积59.06%的25°以上坡度带;不同坡向的侵蚀强度表现为正阳坡>半阳坡>半阴坡>正阴坡,其中,占总面积45.07%的阳坡产生56.50%的侵蚀量;不同土地利用类型中,占总面积57.07%的草地产生96.37%的侵蚀量,成为目前流域内主要侵蚀产沙源。研究为应用修正通用土壤流失方程在黄土高原进行侵蚀评估提供技术范例,为该区侵蚀防治和水土资源利用提供有益参考。

基于GIS和RUSLE的土壤侵蚀量计算——以贵州省猫跳河流域为例

为了解西南喀斯特山区土壤侵蚀空间分布特征,该文以贵州省猫跳河流域为研究区,在GIS技术支撑下,应用修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)估算了研究区2002年现实土壤侵蚀量和潜在土壤侵蚀量,得到了研究区现实土壤侵蚀量和潜在土壤侵蚀量的空间分布特征,计算了各种土地利用类型的土壤保持能力,并对研究区土壤侵蚀防治措施进行了探讨.结果表明,研究区年均现实土壤侵蚀模数为28.70t(hm2·a),年均土壤流失量875.65×104ta,年均土壤保持量25095.73×104ta.旱地的土壤保持能力最小,研究区进行水土流失防治除对25°以上的旱地实行退耕还林、裸岩荒地植树造林外,还应加强对6°～25°的旱地进行治理如坡改梯等.

USLE／RUSLE中植被覆盖与管理因子研究进展

通用土壤流失方程(USLE)及修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)是世界范围内应用最广泛的土壤侵蚀预报模型,模型中C因子表示植被覆盖和管理措施对土壤侵蚀的作用,是人为控制土壤侵蚀的重要因子。回溯了C因子发展演变历程,依据国内外最新研究成果,系统阐述了不同尺度C因子估算方法。在小区、坡面、小流域尺度上,C因子确定主要依赖于野外实验观测,研究条件的一致性尤其是标准小区的统一是C因子值可比性的前提。流域、区域尺度C因子确定通常需要利用遥感影像,遥感技术的发展促进了流域、区域尺度C因子估算方法的进步,使提取的C因子图更加精细、准确,但是使用遥感数据全面刻画C因子含义仍然是一大挑战,因此仍需加强C因子相关研究。共归纳了10种确定C因子的方法,介绍了不同方法的优缺点及适用条件,提出了我国C因子研究应加强的工作,希望为相关领域研究者提供参考。

基于RUSLE和景观安全格局的土壤侵蚀风险格局研究——以甘肃省甘南藏族自治州迭部县为例

土壤侵蚀是我国目前面临的重大生态问题之一。利用GIS技术和修正的水土流失方程(RUSLE)模型对降雨侵蚀造成的土壤流失进行预测估算是目前较为常用的一种土壤侵蚀研究方法。以RUSLE模型的基本构建方法为基础,结合景观生态安全格局理论,对甘肃省甘南州迭部县县域内的土壤侵蚀状况进行了估测性。分析了模型中各个作用因子在当地的分布及表现特点,并构建了该县的土壤侵蚀风险格局。提出在土壤侵蚀格局的关键点或地带,依靠坡改梯,增加护坡,种植等高植物篱,提高植被郁闭度等手法,提高流失斑块的破碎度,降低地表径流能量,弱化土壤侵蚀的规模化效应,以期起到解决或减弱当地土壤严重流失问题的作用。土壤流失风险格局也可以为土地利用格局的改造提供指导性依据。

基于RUSLE的黄土洼小流域土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究

采用修订的通用水土流失方程(RUSLE)、调查还原法和淹没分析等方法,对天然淤地坝多年平均拦截泥沙量和天然淤地坝所在黄土洼小流域侵蚀空间分布进行研究。结果表明:2000—2011年坝淤地及上游丘陵沟壑区平均土壤侵蚀模数为8 116.14t/(km2·a);RUSLE模拟的淤地坝及上游丘陵沟壑侵蚀区土壤侵蚀模数为7 714.73t/(km2·a),通过与实测值对比,模拟精度为95%。模拟的黄土洼小流域强烈侵蚀、极强烈侵蚀和剧烈侵蚀区域占流域面积的53.18%,研究区土壤侵蚀严重;黄土洼天然坝地的泥沙主要来源于坡度大于15°的粱峁耕种区、沟间地和坝地边缘。黄土洼小流域进行人工水土保持措施后侵蚀模数降低26.15%;天然淤地坝将周围控制区域的泥沙全部拦截,对黄土洼小流域泥沙拦截贡献率高达77%,水土保持效益明显。黄土洼天然淤地坝在没有人为干扰的情况下,还可淤积泥沙体积约为2.303×106 m3。

基于RUSLE模型的三江源高寒草地土壤侵蚀评价

探讨三江源区高寒草地生态系统土壤侵蚀问题在保障青藏高原乃至全球生态和生产功能方面具有重要意义。以^(137)Cs示踪法为基础,结合RUSLE(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation)模型,以GIS反演为手段,综合分析三江源区2001-2012年土壤侵蚀影响因子的特征和土壤侵蚀空间分布规律。结果表明,1)土壤侵蚀影响因子呈现空间异质性特征,降雨侵蚀力因子年际浮动变化较大,但总体呈上升态势;土壤可蚀性因子呈斑块化分布特征,较高可蚀性类占到总面积的95.66%;坡度坡长因子的空间分布规律受海拔显著影响;植被覆盖与管理因子在研究区自西北向东南呈现空间异质性特点,过度放牧是引起下垫面侵蚀现象严重的主要原因。2)对RUSLE模型的验证显示相关系数和平均均方根偏差分别为0.49和75.29%,RUSLE模型估算存在一定的高估,在没有形成三江源区高寒草地土壤侵蚀机理模型前,应用RUSLE模型仍然是较好的现实选择之一。3)利用RUSLE模型估算的三江源2001-2012年平均侵蚀量为3.1×109 t/年,侵蚀强度分级重心转移分析表明中度侵蚀、强度和极强度侵蚀重心相对集中,侵蚀程度最高的3个地区为格尔木市唐古拉乡、治多县和兴海县。4)由土壤流失量结合市场价值法,估算出研究区2001-2012年平均有机质经济损失价值为114354元/km2,总年均经济损失达399亿元,整个研究区受土壤侵蚀现象所产生的经济损失数额巨大。因此,创新发展三江源区高寒草地"分类、分级、分段、分区"的土壤侵蚀防治措施已迫在眉睫。

基于GIS和RUSLE的三峡库区小流域土壤侵蚀量估算研究

本研究以三峡库区菱角塘小流域为研究对象,在GIS技术的支持下,通过遥感技术和野外调查进行信息采集,对修正的通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）各因子进行量化分析,从而对三峡库区菱角塘小流域土壤侵蚀量进行定量评价,并对土壤侵蚀强度进行分级;在此基础上分析不同坡度和土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀空间分布特征。结果表明,菱角塘小流域年土壤侵蚀量为208.32t/a,土壤侵蚀模数为1 987.75t/（km2·a）,属于轻度侵蚀。28.62%的区域为中度、强度或极强度侵蚀,但是其侵蚀量却占总侵蚀量的82.36%,是预防和加强水土流失治理的重点区域。土壤侵蚀主要发生在坡度为15°-35°的区域,其中15°-25°的坡度土壤侵蚀属于中度侵蚀;坡耕地侵蚀最为严重,15°-25°的坡耕地侵蚀量占总侵蚀量的57.15%,表明坡耕地是该小流域水土流失的主要策源地。同时用137 Cs核素示踪技术测定的坡耕地和林地土壤侵蚀模数证实了RUSLE模型具有较高的准确性和可靠性,该模型在库区地块尺度具有一定的推广价值。

基于RS/GIS和RUSLE的福建武步溪流域土壤侵蚀研究

将地理信息系统(GIS)、遥感技术(RS)和美国修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)相结合对武步溪流域的土壤侵蚀量进行计算。运用ERDASIMAGINE8.4软件对武步溪流域2001年和2003年的遥感影像进行监督分类,结合数字高程模型(DEM)和土壤分布图在Ar-cView3.2软件平台上获取RUSLE模型中的LS、C、P、R因子,通过Ar-cView3.2软件进行数据处理和叠加分析,最终得到武步溪流域两个年份的土壤侵蚀等级的空间分布图及土壤侵蚀量。研究结果表明:2001年和2003年中度侵蚀及其以上等级的土壤侵蚀量分别占同年总侵蚀量的88.1%和59.8%,2001年的土壤侵蚀状况比2003年更为严重,其主要原因是2001年降雨侵蚀因子大于2003年的降雨侵蚀因子。改变不合理的土地利用方式将有利于改善该流域土壤流失状况。

基于GIS和RUSLE的洱海流域土壤侵蚀空间特征分析

土壤侵蚀空间分布特征是进行土壤侵蚀防治规划、实践的重要基础与依据。基于地理信息系统（GIS）和遥感技术（RS），提取了洱海流域降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、坡度坡长、地表覆盖、水土保持措施5个主要影响水土流失因子．采用修正的通用土壤流失模型（RUSLE）估算土壤侵蚀量，并运用GIS空间统计分析功能．分析了土壤侵蚀在海拔、坡度与土地利用类型等方面的空间分布特征。结果表明，洱海流域年平均土壤侵蚀模数为64．68t／（hm^2·a）．属于强度侵蚀，土壤侵蚀面积1404．279km^2，占总流域面积的61．12％．2000～2500m高程带、15°～45°坡度带，以及未利用土地区域是研究区土壤侵蚀防治的重点地区。

Evaluating estimated sediment delivery by Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)and Sediment Delivery Distributed(SEDD)in the Talar Watershed,Iran

The performance of the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)as the most widely used soil erosion model is a challenging issue.Accordingly,the objective of this study is investigating the estimated sediment delivery by the RUSLE method and Sediment Delivery Distributed(SEDD)model.To this end,the Talar watershed in Iran was selected as the study area.Further,700 paired sediment-discharge measurements at Valikbon and Shirgah-Talar hydrometric stations between the years 1991 and 2011 were collected and used in sediment rating curves.Nine procedures were investigated to produce the required RUSLE layers.The estimated soil erosion by RUSLE was evaluated using sediment rating curve data by two methods including least squares and quantile regression.The average annual suspended sediment load was calculated for each sub-watershed of the study area using the SEDD model.Afterwards,a sediment rating curve was estimated by least squares and quantile regression methods using paired discharge-sediment data.The average annual suspended sediment load values were calculated for two hydrometric stations and were further evaluated by the SEDD model.The results indicated that the first considered procedure,which utilized 15-min rainfall measurements for the rainfall factor(R),and the classification method of SENTINEL-2 MSI image for the cover management factor(C),offered the best results in producing RUSLE layers.Furthermore,the results revealed the advantages of utilizing satellite images in producing cover management layer,which is required in the RUSLE method.

基于RUSLE模型的河南省黄河流域土壤侵蚀研究

为了更好地研究黄河河南段的土壤侵蚀情况,以河南省黄河流域为研究区域,采用地理信息系统和遥感技术,融合遥感影像、DEM数据、降雨数据和土壤数据等,将RUSLE模型应用到该区域的土壤侵蚀研究中。结果表明:该区域的年均土壤侵蚀模数为861.78 t/(km^2·a),年均土壤侵蚀总量为305.44×10^5 t/a,轻度以上的土壤侵蚀多发生在河南西部的一些省辖市内。其中,土壤侵蚀等级为轻度以下的区域,其面积占研究区总面积的88.39%,该区域主要分布在0°~10°坡度范围内,主要的土地利用类型为耕地和草地;中度侵蚀和强烈侵蚀的区域,二者的总面积占比为10.71%,主要分布在15°~25°坡度范围内,土地利用类型主要为林地;极强烈侵蚀和剧烈侵蚀的区域面积所占比例较小,占比共计0.9%,该区域零星分布在坡度范围大于25°的草地和林地区域。该研究成果揭示了河南省黄河流域的土壤侵蚀情况,可为区域水土流失治理提供科学依据。

1980—2020年延河甘谷驿流域土壤侵蚀评价与驱动因子分析

采用日降雨量、DEM、土壤类型、泥沙含量及多期NDVI等数据,基于修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)和地理探测器,研究了国家生态退耕还林还草工程实施前后近41年延河甘谷驿流域土壤侵蚀动态与驱动因子。结果表明,1980—2020年研究区土壤侵蚀强度总体呈波动变化趋势,1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年平均侵蚀模数分别为6 746.30、5 740.28、6 389.56、5 450.46、5 480.56 t/(km~2·年)。1980—2000年研究区整体侵蚀强度逐渐增强,强烈及以上等级侵蚀面积占比逐渐增加,表现为“增蚀升级”的特点;2000年后研究区内土壤侵蚀强度开始降低,强烈及以上等级的侵蚀面积减少,总体表现为“减蚀降级”的特点。研究区土壤侵蚀强度随着坡度的升高而加剧,同时发现海拔1 000~1 200 m和1 200~1 400 m是研究区内侵蚀发生的主要高程带。2020年土地利用类型因子解释力最为突出,表明退耕还林还草工程实施效果显著,大面积的耕地向林草地转换是使得研究区2000年后土壤侵蚀强度降低的最主要原因。土壤侵蚀各影响因子的协同作用明显强于单一因子的影响。

甘肃省黄河流域土壤侵蚀及其驱动机制

[目的]量化甘肃省黄河流域土壤侵蚀并探究其驱动机制,旨在为该区域水土流失治理和水土资源保护提供科学依据和方法参考。[方法]基于修正的土壤流失方程(RUSLE)模型对1980—2020年甘肃省黄河流域土壤侵蚀进行量化,使用Theil-Sen斜率方法分析了土壤侵蚀的年际变化,通过空间统计方法分析了不同下垫面的土壤侵蚀强度和分布规律,采用地理探测器探究了土壤侵蚀的驱动因子。[结果](1)1980—2020年,甘肃省黄河流域土壤侵蚀模数(A)均值为37.38 t/(hm^(2)·a),中度及以下侵蚀占全域面积70%,其中甘南以微度侵蚀为主,A值呈减小趋势;陇中和陇东以轻度和中度侵蚀为主,A值呈增加趋势。(2)全域农田A值最高且侵蚀总量最大,沼泽类湿地A值最低,密林地侵蚀总量最小;受分布面积影响,甘南草地土壤侵蚀量较显著,陇中和陇东农耕区侵蚀量最大;高侵蚀模数主要发生在海拔1000 m以下和10°~20°坡度区间。(3)甘南和陇东地区坡度对A值的作用最为显著,陇中地区土壤的作用更大;域内土壤侵蚀影响因子呈多元性,因子交互的解释力强于单因子;侵蚀高风险区域主要位于丰水、陡坡和植被稀疏地区。[结论]因区域气候和下垫面条件相异,土壤侵蚀发生的原因不尽相同;甘肃省黄河流域陇中、陇东地区存在较为严峻的土壤侵蚀问题,农田和低覆草地是该区水土流失治理的重点关注区域。

Influence of varied drought types on soil conservation service within the framework of climate change:insights from the Jinghe River Basin,China

Severe soil erosion and drought are the two main factors affecting the ecological security of the Loess Plateau,China.Investigating the influence of drought on soil conservation service is of great importance to regional environmental protection and sustainable development.However,there is little research on the coupling relationship between them.In this study,focusing on the Jinghe River Basin,China as a case study,we conducted a quantitative evaluation on meteorological,hydrological,and agricultural droughts(represented by the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI),Standardized Runoff Index(SRI),and Standardized Soil Moisture Index(SSMI),respectively)using the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC)model,and quantified the soil conservation service using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)in the historical period(2000-2019)and future period(2026-2060)under two Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs)(RCP4.5 and RCP8.5).We further examined the influence of the three types of drought on soil conservation service at annual and seasonal scales.The NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP)dataset was used to predict and model the hydrometeorological elements in the future period under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.The results showed that in the historical period,annual-scale meteorological drought exhibited the highest intensity,while seasonal-scale drought was generally weakest in autumn and most severe in summer.Drought intensity of all three types of drought will increase over the next 40 years,with a greater increase under the RCP4.5 scenario than under the RCP8.5 scenario.Furthermore,the intra-annual variation in the drought intensity of the three types of drought becomes smaller under the two future scenarios relative to the historical period(2000-2019).Soil conservation service exhibits a distribution pattern characterized by high levels in the southwest and southeast and lower levels in the north,and this pattern has remained consistent both in the historical and future periods.Over the past 20 years,the intra-annual variation indicated peak soil conservation service in summer and lowest level in winter;the total soil conservation of the Jinghe River Basin displayed an upward trend,with the total soil conservation in 2019 being 1.14 times higher than that in 2000.The most substantial impact on soil conservation service arises from annual-scale meteorological drought,which remains consistent both in the historical and future periods.Additionally,at the seasonal scale,meteorological drought exerts the highest influence on soil conservation service in winter and autumn,particularly under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.Compared to the historical period,the soil conservation service in the Jinghe River Basin will be significantly more affected by drought in the future period in terms of both the affected area and the magnitude of impact.This study conducted beneficial attempts to evaluate and predict the dynamic characteristics of watershed drought and soil conservation service,as well as the response of soil conservation service to different types of drought.Clarifying the interrelationship between the two is the foundation for achieving sustainable development in a relatively arid and severely eroded area such as the Jinghe River Basin.

Soil loss estimation using rusle model to prioritize erosion control in KELANI river basin in Sri Lanka

Soil erosion contributes negatively to agricultural production,quality of source water for drinking,ecosystem health in land and aquatic environments,and aesthetic value of landscapes.Approaches to understand the spatial variability of erosion severity are important for improving landuse management.This study uses the Kelani river basin in Sri Lanka as the study area to assess erosion severity using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model supported by a GIS system.Erosion severity across the river basin was estimated using RUSLE,a Digital Elevation Model (15 × 15 m),twenty years rainfall data at 14 rain gauge stations across the basin,landuse and land cover,and soil maps and cropping factors.The estimated average annual soil loss in Kelani river basin varied from zero to 103.7 t ha-1 yr-1,with a mean annual soil loss estimated at 10.9 t ha-1 yr-1.About 70% of the river basin area was identified with low to moderate erosion severity (< 12 t ha-1 yr-1) indicating that erosion control measures are urgently needed to ensure a sustainable ecosystem in the Kelani river basin,which in turn,is connected with the quality of life of over 5 million people.Use of this severity information developed with RUSLE along with its individual parameters can help to design landuse management practices.This effort can be further refined by analyzing RUSLE results along with Kelani river sub-basins level real time erosion estimations as a monitoring measure for conservation practices.

基于GIS的岩溶槽谷区小流域土壤侵蚀量估算

在修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)中引入石漠化因子,以重庆市南川区木渡河小流域为研究对象,在GIS技术的支持下,对岩溶槽谷区小流域土壤侵蚀量的估算方法进行了探讨.研究结果表明,研究区现实土壤侵蚀量40011.51 t/a,土壤保持量835963.94 t/a.计算研究区及不同土地利用类型的现实土壤侵蚀模数时,石漠化程度越高,总面积现实土壤侵蚀模数和可流失面积现实土壤侵蚀模数的差异越大;在岩溶区,使用可流失面积现实土壤侵蚀模数更能真实的反映岩溶区土壤侵蚀的状况.研究区水田和林地土壤保持能力最大,旱地土壤保持能力最小,控制土壤侵蚀的有效措施是在裸岩山地和陡坡地植树造林,大于25°的陡坡地退耕还林还草,扩大林地面积,减小陡坡耕地面积.

基于GIS的黄土高原小流域土壤侵蚀定量评价

以小流域为单元进行土壤侵蚀量的定量评价研究,是探索土壤流失规律和评价流域治理效益的一个重要途径和内容。根据修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE),在ArcGIS软件平台下,以QuickBird遥感影像作为主要数据源,计算了黄土高原南小河沟小流域土壤侵蚀量并定量分析了土壤侵蚀量与坡度和土地利用的关系。结果表明:南小河沟小流域年土壤侵蚀量88 504.2 t/a,平均土壤侵蚀模数为2 438.98 t/(km2.a),属于轻度接近于中度侵蚀强度,土壤侵蚀得到有效控制。随着坡度的增大土壤侵蚀量明显增加,>25°区域产生全流域80%以上的土壤侵蚀量。不同植被类型的土壤侵蚀模数依次为:天然草地>未成林地>疏林地>灌木林地>人工草地>乔木林地。改善疏林地、未成林地和天然草地的结构,加强难利用地和荒坡地的治理,提高植被覆盖度,是降低土壤侵蚀量的主要途径。

修正的通用土壤流失方程中各因子单位的确定

[目的]明确和规范修正的通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)中各因子的单位,使得RUSLE在中国具体应用过程中更加科学和便捷。[方法]通过对国内外RUSLE应用实践的总结和对比研究,并分析其科学合理性,找出最为普遍应用的、准确的RUSLE各因子的单位,明确不同单位类型之间的转化系数。[结果]国内RUSLE的应用,大部分是通过各地区建立的各因子统计模型转换成国际制单位系统,最后相乘得到的是以国际制单位表示的土壤侵蚀量,另一部分则是通过相应的各因子统计模型计算得到各个因子以美制单位系统表示的计算结果,最后再乘以224.2将土壤侵蚀量转换为国际制单位。国内主流侵蚀估计中使用的单位焦耳系统,单位面积有两种即km^2和hm^2。土壤流失量A常用的国际制单位为t/hm^2或t/km^2;降雨侵蚀力因子R常用的国际制单位为(MJ·mm)/(hm^2·h·a)或(MJ·mm)/(km^2·h·a);土壤可蚀性因子K的常用国际制单位为(t·hm^2·h)/(hm^2·MJ·mm)或(t·km^2·h)/(km^2·MJ·mm)。不同地区建立的计算方法通过相应的转换系数转换成国际制单位。最后,R和K因子的单位系统的一致性是RUSLE应用的关键步骤。[结论]R和K因子通过相应的单位转换系数转换为国际制单位以及两者的单位一致性是土壤侵蚀评估的重要基础。