Studies on the Total Synthesis of Hainanolide(Ⅳ)-Revising the Stereochemistry of C_(2α)-H and Introducing the Two Hydroxy Groups at C_(3β),C_(4α) Positions

Tricyclic compound 6 was synthesized form compound 1 through sis steps, thus preblem of the stereochemistry of C2α-H being solved. The stereochemistry for introducing hydroxy groups at C3β and C4α positions in compound 1 was also described.

Erratum to:Influence law of modified glutinous rice-based materials on gravel soil reinforcement and water erosion process

The original online version of this article was revised.The first author is“ZHANG Weng-xiang”in the original article.The first author’s name has been corrected to“ZHANG Wen-xiang”.

Guidelines for Authors

We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the revision stage,will you be requested to put your paper into a’correct format’for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.Please write your text in good English (American or British usage is accepted,but not a mixture of these).

Guidelines for Authors

We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the revision stage,will you be requested to put your paper into a'correct format'for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.Please write your text in good English(American or British usage is accepted,but not a mixture of these).

Correction: MicroRNA-329-3p inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by targeting transcription factor 7-like 1

In the article‘MicroRNA-329-3p inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and proliferation of osteosarcoma cells by targeting transcription factor 7-like 1’(Oncology Research,2024,Vol.32,No.3,pp.463−476.doi:10.32604/or.2023.044085),there was an error in the compilation of Fig.8D.We have revised Fig.8D to correct this error.A corrected version of Fig.8 is provided.This correction does not change any results or conclusions of the article.We apologize for any inconvenience caused.

COMMENTS AND CORRECTIONS

Correction Note:Due to Errors in the Footnotes of the Following Articles,the Following Corrections Have Been Made:1.htps://doi.org/10.30941/CESTEMS.2023.00007 Error:Manuscript received July 04,2022;revised July 24,2022;accepted 01,2022.Date of publication March 25,2023;Date of curent version Jamuany 11,2023.Correction:Manuscript received July 04,2022;revised July 24,2022;accepted August 01,2022.Date of publication March 25,2023;Date of curent version Jamuary 11,2023.

Insights into complications after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Zhao's study,offers a comprehensive analysis of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)revision indications.The study provides a detailed,case-by-case analysis of the factors leading to knee revision surgery in 13 patients.Not only elucidates the complexities of UKA revisions but also underscores the importance of continuous improvement in surgical techniques and the adoption of innovative technologies.

Analysis of the causes of primary revision after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: A case series

BACKGROUND Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty(UKA)has great advantages in the treatment of unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis,but its revision rate is higher than that of total knee arthroplasty.AIM To summarize and analyse the causes of revision after UKA.METHODS This is a retrospective case series study in which the reasons for the first revision after UKA are summarized.We analysed the clinical symptoms,medical histories,laboratory test results,imaging examination results and treatment processes of the patients who underwent revision and summarized the reasons for primary revision after UKA.RESULTS A total of 13 patients,including 3 males and 10 females,underwent revision surgery after UKA.The average age of the included patients was 67.62 years.The prosthesis was used for 3 d to 72 months.The main reasons for revision after UKA were improper suturing of the surgical opening(1 patient),osteophytes(2 patients),intra-articular loose bodies(2 patients),tibial prosthesis loosening(2 patients),rheumatoid arthritis(1 patient),gasket dislocation(3 patients),anterior cruciate ligament injury(1 patient),and medial collateral ligament injury with residual bone cement(1 patient).CONCLUSION The causes of primary revision after UKA were gasket dislocation,osteophytes,intra-articular loose bodies and tibial prosthesis loosening.Avoidance of these factors may greatly reduce the rate of revision after UKA,improve patient satisfaction and reduce medical burden.

Influence of varied drought types on soil conservation service within the framework of climate change:insights from the Jinghe River Basin,China

Severe soil erosion and drought are the two main factors affecting the ecological security of the Loess Plateau,China.Investigating the influence of drought on soil conservation service is of great importance to regional environmental protection and sustainable development.However,there is little research on the coupling relationship between them.In this study,focusing on the Jinghe River Basin,China as a case study,we conducted a quantitative evaluation on meteorological,hydrological,and agricultural droughts(represented by the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI),Standardized Runoff Index(SRI),and Standardized Soil Moisture Index(SSMI),respectively)using the Variable Infiltration Capacity(VIC)model,and quantified the soil conservation service using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)in the historical period(2000-2019)and future period(2026-2060)under two Representative Concentration Pathways(RCPs)(RCP4.5 and RCP8.5).We further examined the influence of the three types of drought on soil conservation service at annual and seasonal scales.The NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections(NEX-GDDP)dataset was used to predict and model the hydrometeorological elements in the future period under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.The results showed that in the historical period,annual-scale meteorological drought exhibited the highest intensity,while seasonal-scale drought was generally weakest in autumn and most severe in summer.Drought intensity of all three types of drought will increase over the next 40 years,with a greater increase under the RCP4.5 scenario than under the RCP8.5 scenario.Furthermore,the intra-annual variation in the drought intensity of the three types of drought becomes smaller under the two future scenarios relative to the historical period(2000-2019).Soil conservation service exhibits a distribution pattern characterized by high levels in the southwest and southeast and lower levels in the north,and this pattern has remained consistent both in the historical and future periods.Over the past 20 years,the intra-annual variation indicated peak soil conservation service in summer and lowest level in winter;the total soil conservation of the Jinghe River Basin displayed an upward trend,with the total soil conservation in 2019 being 1.14 times higher than that in 2000.The most substantial impact on soil conservation service arises from annual-scale meteorological drought,which remains consistent both in the historical and future periods.Additionally,at the seasonal scale,meteorological drought exerts the highest influence on soil conservation service in winter and autumn,particularly under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.Compared to the historical period,the soil conservation service in the Jinghe River Basin will be significantly more affected by drought in the future period in terms of both the affected area and the magnitude of impact.This study conducted beneficial attempts to evaluate and predict the dynamic characteristics of watershed drought and soil conservation service,as well as the response of soil conservation service to different types of drought.Clarifying the interrelationship between the two is the foundation for achieving sustainable development in a relatively arid and severely eroded area such as the Jinghe River Basin.

Editor-in-Chief articles of choice and comments at the year-end of 2023

As the Editor-in-Chief of World Journal of Gastroenterology,every week prior to a new issue’s online publication,I perform a careful review of all encompassed articles,including the title,clinical and/or research importance,originality,novelty,and ratings by the peer reviewers.Based on this review,I select the papers of choice and suggest pertinent changes(e.g.,in the title)to the Company Editors responsible for publication.This process,while time-consuming,is very important for assuring the quality of publications and highlighting important articles that Readers may revisit.

Mid-term survival of the Optimys short stem: A prospective case series of 500 patients

BACKGROUND In recent years,there has been an increase in the number of total hip arthroplasty procedures in the younger patient population.This active group has higher expectations of their prosthesis in comparison to the older population,and there is a greater physical demand for the prosthesis.Short femoral stems were in-troduced to retain proximal bone stock and joint biomechanics and became more common to implant in this specific population.Currently,the long-term survival and functional outcomes of various short stems are still being investigated in different clinics.AIM To determine the 5-year survival of the Optimys hip stem.METHODS This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of 500 patients conducted in two hospitals in the Netherlands.All patients received the Optimys short stem(Mathys Ltd,Bettlach,Switzerland).The primary outcome measure was survival of the hip stem,with revision as the endpoint.The secondary outcome measurements included patient-reported outcome measures(PROMs).Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate the 5-year survival rate.Log-minus-log transformation was performed to calculate the 95%confidence interval(95%CI).Mixed model analyses were performed to assess the course of the PROMs during the 1st 2 years after surgery.Analyses were modeled separately for the 1st and 2nd years to calculate the yearly change in PROMs during both follow-up periods with accompanying 95%CIs.RESULTS The mean age of the total 500 patients was 62.3 years(standard deviation:10.6)and 202 were male(40%).At a median follow-up of 5.5 years(interquartile range:4.5-6.7),7 patients were deceased and 6 revisions were registered,for infection(n=3),subsidence(n=2)and malposition(n=1).This resulted in an overall 5-year survival of 98.8%(95%CI:97.3-99.5).If infection was left out as reason for revision,a stem survival of 99.4%(95%CI:98.1-99.8)was seen.Baseline questionnaires were completed by 471 patients(94%),317 patients(63%)completed the 1-year follow-up questionnaires and 233 patients(47%)completed the 2-year follow-up.Both outcome measures significantly improved across all domains in the 1st year after the operation(P<0.03 for all domains).In the 2nd year after surgery,no significant changes were observed in any domain in comparison to the 1-year follow-up.CONCLUSION The Optimys stem has a 5-year survival of 98.8%.Patient-reported outcome measures increased significantly in the 1st postoperative year with stabilization at the 2-year follow-up.

Dislocation of primary total hip arthroplasty:Analysis of risk factors and preventive options

Total hip arthroplasty(THA)is one of the most successful elective operations in orthopedic surgery for improving pain and functional disability in patients with end-stage joint disease.However,dislocation continues to be a troublesome complication after THA,as it is a leading cause of revision and is associated with substantial social,health,and economic costs.It is a relatively rare,usually early occurrence that depends on both the patients’characteristics and the surgical aspects.The most recent and important finding is the special attention to be given preoperatively to spinopelvic mobility,which is closely related to the incidence of dislocation.Consequently,clinical and radiographic assessment of the lumbar spine is mandatory to identify an altered pelvic tilt that could suggest a different positioning of the cup.Lumbar spinal fusion is currently considered a risk factor for dislocation and revision regardless of whether it is performed prior to or after THA.Surgical options for its treatment and prevention include the use of prostheses with large diameter of femoral head size,dual mobility constructs,constrained liners,and modular neck stems.

Mid-term clinical outcomes of the uncemented Robert Mathys pressfit cup

BACKGROUND The use of uncemented cups during total hip arthroplasty(THA)has gained popularity in recent years.The Robert Mathys(RM)pressfit cup,an uncemented monoblock implant is expected to preserve bone density due to its composition and external surface,while reducing backside wear with its monoblock construction.These factors should lead to a high survival rate of the implant.AIM To evaluate the mid-term survival and functional outcome of the RM Pressfit cup in a large study population.METHODS Between 2011 and 2020,we included 1324 patients receiving a primary THA using the RM pressfit cup.Final clinical follow-up was performed at 2 years postoperatively with the Dutch arthroplasty register used to assess implant status thereafter.Revision for acetabular failure and reason for revision were reported to evaluate implant survival,while the hip disability and osteoarthritis outcome score(HOOS)scores were used to assess functional outcome.RESULTS The mean age at surgery was 64.9 years.The mean follow-up was 4.6 years.Of the 1324 THAs performed,13 needed cup revisions within 5 years after index THA:5 due to aseptic loosening,6 due to infection,2 due to dislocation and 2 due to other causes.This resulted in a 5-year cup survival of 98.8%(95%CI:98.1-99.5).Nine of the cup revisions occurred within the first year after index THA.HOOS scores increased significantly in all domains during the first year and levelled out during the second year.CONCLUSION In the present study,the RM pressfit cup demonstrated excellent clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up;however,future studies are needed to assess the long-term outcomes of this acetabular implant.

Gouty destruction of a patellar tendon reconstruction and novel revision reconstruction technique: A case report

BACKGROUND Gout is a disease characterized by hyperuricemia,and resultant deposition of uric acid crystals in tissues.While typically manifested as intraarticular crystals or tophi,gout can also cause pathology at entheses.Gouty deposition within ten-dinous structures put them at risk for traumatic and degenerative rupture.Furth-ermore,allografts can also be at risk of rupture in the setting of severe gout.We present the case of a 56-year-old female with severe gouty disease who sustained a re-rupture of a patellar tendon allograft reconstruction.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old female presented to clinic after feeling her left knee pop and coll-apse beneath her while descending stairs.She had a history of tophaceous gout and left patellar tendon rupture with reconstruction and multiple revisions over the course of 19 years.This patient presented with pain and extensor lag.A magnetic resonance image demonstrated a ruptured patellar tendon allograft re-construction and avulsion fracture at the tibial tubercle.The patient was treated with a novel intervention of Achilles allograft with bone block in a unique config-uration with a dermal allograft incorporated into the reconstruction.She was made non-weight bearing in the operative extremity in extension for the first four weeks postoperatively and was then progressed to active flexion over the course of eight weeks.At twelve weeks,she was able to fully extend her operative knee and at five months she was resuming her normal activities and exercises.CONCLUSION Failed patellar tendon reconstruction due to gouty infiltration is treated with dermal allograft augmented Achilles tendon reconstruction with bone block.Core Tip:We present a case of a 56-year-old female with severe systemic tophaceous gout who presented with a rupture of her revision patellar tendon reconstruction due to severe gouty infiltration.The major takeaway from this case is that with multiple failed reconstructions of the patellar tendon,both structural and biologic reinforcement were sought to provide this patient the best chance for recovery and a substantial reconstruction.We provided a robust structural construct as well as biologic reinforcement with the use of an Achilles tendon allograft with a wedge-shaped bone block and a dermal allograft incorporated into the reconstruction.INTRODUCTION Patellar tendon rupture is a relatively rare phenomenon.These injuries are often secondary to trauma,however,chronic inflammatory states,such as gout,have been shown to increase risk of patellar tendon rupture[1-4].Gout is a disease characterized by hyperuricemia,and resultant deposition of uric acid crystals in tissues.While typically manifested as intraarticular crystals or tophi,gout can also cause pathology at entheses[5,6].Gouty deposition within tendinous structures put them at risk for traumatic and degenerative rupture.Furthermore,allografts can also be at risk of rupture in the setting of severe gout,as described following Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction[7].We present the case of a 56-year-old female with severe gouty disease who sustained a re-rupture of a patellar tendon allo-graft reconstruction.The literature review was performed using PubMed with the search items:“Patellar tendon reconstruction;gout tendinopathy;biologics in tendon reconstruction”.Descriptive literature from the years 1995-2023 were reviewed in-cluding case reports,case series,clinical studies,and book chapters were selected.Eighty-seven articles were initially reviewed with criteria to exclude articles regarding veterinary research,articles not published in English,articles reg-arding arthroplasty,and basic science research.

Bone graft incorporation failure with inappropriate limb load transfer can lead to aseptic acetabular loosening of metal-on-metal prosthesis: A case report

BACKGROUND Aseptic acetabular loosening can result from various factors that can be categorized into groups:patient-related,surgeon-related and implant-related.We present a case of a 63-year-old patient who at first underwent a total hip arthro-plasty(THA)using a metal-on-metal bearing due to hip arthrosis.Follow-up visits revealed no complications after the procedure.Two years after the THA,acetabular component loosening occurred due to subsequent trauma of the opposite hip,necessitating a revision THA using a ceramic-on-ceramic bearing.CASE SUMMARY We aim to illustrate a rare case where the primary reason for undergoing THA revision was not only incomplete bone graft incorporation but also improper limb load distribution.Following the revision arthroplasty,a 9-year follow-up visit revealed improvements in all evaluation measures on questionnaire compared to the state before surgery:Harris Hip Score(before surgery:15;after surgery:95),Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index(before surgery:96;after surgery:0),and Visual Analogue Scale(before surgery:10;after surgery:1).CONCLUSION Opposite-hip trauma caused a weight transfer to the limb after a THA procedure.This process led to a stress shielding effect,resulting in acetabular component loosening.

Chinese Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Belief in a Just World Scale for College Students

This study aims to revise the Belief in a Just World Scale(BJWS)for Chinese college students and test its reliability and validity(construct validity,convergent and divergent validity).Two samples of 546 and 595 college students were selected,respectively,using stratified cluster random sampling.Item analysis,exploratory factor analysis(EFA),confirmatory factor analysis(CFA),reliability analysis and convergent and divergent validity tests were carried out.The results showed that the 13 items of the BJWS have good item discrimination.The corrected item–total correlation in the general belief in a just world subscale was found to range from 0.464 to 0.655,and that in the personal belief in a just world subscale was 0.553 to 0.715.The internal consistency coefficients of the revised version of the BJWS and its subscales are good.The EFA and CFA results show that the structure and items of the revised scale are the same as those of the original scale.Belief in a just world was found to have significant positive correlations with gratitude and empathy,and has a significant negative correlation with anxiety,thereby exhibiting good convergent and divergent validity.Therefore,the Chinese revised version of the BJWS has good reliability and validity.

The Extended Hybrid Carrier-Based Multiple Access Technology for High Mobility Scenarios

The hybrid carrier(HC)system rooted in the carrier fusion concept is gradually garnering attention.In this paper,we study the extended hybrid carrier(EHC)multiple access scheme to ensure reliable wireless communication.By employing the EHC modulation,a power layered multiplexing framework is realized,which exhibits enhanced interference suppression capability owing to the more uniform energy distribution design.The implementation method and advantage mechanism are explicated respectively for the uplink and downlink,and the performance analysis under varying channel conditions is provided.In addition,considering the connectivity demand,we explore the non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method of the EHC system and develop the EHC sparse code multiple access scheme.The proposed scheme melds the energy spread superiority of EHC with the access capacity of NOMA,facilitating superior support for massive connectivity in high mobility environments.Simulation results have verified the feasibility and advantages of the proposed scheme.Compared with existing HC multiple access schemes,the proposed scheme exhibits robust bit error rate performance and can better guarantee multiple access performance in complex scenarios of nextgeneration communications.

Is there sufficient evidence to support the use of antibiotic holiday just before the second stage of an infected total hip or knee arthroplasty revision surgery?

The practice of implementing an antibiotic holiday before the second stage of hip or knee arthroplasty is currently controversial due to limited evidence for this approach,as per the International Consensus Meeting 2018 on Musculoskeletal Infection.A greater understanding of this issue could augment the quality of Alrayes and Sukeik’s mini-review(2023)on diagnosing,managing,and treating periprosthetic knee infections.However,a significant lack of literature exists concerning the optimal duration for the antibiotic holiday,calling for more research before establishing any clinical guidelines.

New Data on Coal, Gypsum, Iron and Silica Sand Deposits and Geochemical Exploration (Pakistan): Revision of 25 Years History of Dinosaur Discoveries from Pakistan

Discoveries of many coal seams at depths by drilling carried by Geological Survey of Pakistan in Sor Range and Harnai Gochina, extended the coal seams at depth which is challenge for mine owners to exploit feasibly. Bed to bed gypsum samplings (and their chemical analyses) of huge gypsum deposits from Sulaiman foldbelt is a base for industrialist and also planers to develop cement and gypsum industries to increase export and foreign exchange for the development of area and Pakistan. Low and high grade sedimentary iron deposits, silica sand and uranium host rocks and their extensions in Sulaiman and Kirthar foldbelts are presented. Anomalies of a few base metals arise as a result of geochemical exploration carried at part of Loralai District of Balochistan. Theropod dinosaurs were frequent in India, while Poripuchian titanosaurs (Sauropoda, Dinosauria) were frequent in Pakistan. Besides some ichnotaxa, many bone taxa such as 1 titanosauriform, 14 titanosaurian sauropod (including one new titanosaur), and 3 theropod dinosaurs are established from Pakistan. Among these 12 titanosaur species and 3 theropod species are named in about 10 km2 area of Vitakri dome and 2 titanosaur species are named in about a few hundred square meter area of Mari Bohri (Kachi Bohri) which is about 10 km westward from Vitakri dome. Pakistan is a unique country which discoverd 14 diversified titanosaurs in a short area and also in a short period (67 - 66 million years ago/Ma). About 400 bones found from a few meter thick upper part of upper shale horizon of latest Maastrichtian Vitakri Formation which is base for titanosaur taxa. Cranial material is in low fraction (but include significant diverse snouts), caudal vertebrae are prominent, the cervicals, dorsals and sacrals have significant numbers, forelimb and hind limb bones have balanced fraction. Humeri, femora and tibiae are most common. To know the position of Pakistani titanosaurs among titanosaurs and sauropods, there is a need to extend list of characters for phylogenetic analyses. This broad feature list should include main characters of titanosaurs from Pakistan and also from global world.

共贺中国标准化研究院建院60周年

Founded in 1963,China National Institute of Standardization(CNIS)mainly focuses on the research into the standardization development strategies,fundamental theories,principles and methods as well as standards systems.It also carries out the standardization scientific research,experimental verification,test and evaluation,standards development,revision and promotion,and transformation and application of science&technology achievements.CNIS has played an active role as a public welfare research institute,providing technical support for the work of State Administration for Market Regulation(SAMR),other ministries and local governments.