Numerical Simulation on Flow Control for Drag Reduction of Revolution Body Using Dimpled Surface

Numerical simulation on the flow fields near the dimpled and the smooth revolution bodies are performed and compared by using SST k-ω turbulence model, to explain the reasons of friction and base drag reductions on the bionic dimpled surface and the control behaviors of dimpled surface to boundary layer near wall of the revolution body. The simulation results show that the dimpled surface reduces the skin friction drag through reducing the velocity gradient and turbulent intensity, and reduces the base drag through weakening the pumping action on the flow behind the revolution body caused by the external flow; the low speed rotating vortexes in the dimples segregate the external flow and the revolution body; and the low speed rotating vortexes forming in the bottom of dimples can produce negative skin friction.

Numerical simulation on drag reduction of revolution body through bionic riblet surface

Numerical simulations of flow fields on the bionic riblet and the smooth revolution bodies were performed based on the SST k-ω turbulence model in order to explain the mechanisms of the skin friction drag reduction, base drag reduction on the riblet surface, and flow control behaviors of riblet surface near the wall. The simulation results show that the riblet surface arranged on the rearward of the revolution body can reduce the skin friction drag by 8.27%, the base drag by 9.91% and the total drag by 8.59% at Ma number 0.8. The riblet surface reduces the skin friction drag by reducing the velocity gradient and turbulent intensity, and reduces the base drag by weakening the pumping action on the dead water region which behind the body of revolution caused by the external flow. The flow control behavior on boundary layer shows that the riblet surface can cut the low-speed flow near the wall effectively, and restrain the low-speed flow concentrating in span direction, thus weaken the instability of the low speed steaks produced by turbulent flow bursting.

INFLUENCE OF NOSE PERTURBATIONS ON BEHAVIORS OF ASYMMETRIC VORTICES OVER SLENDER BODY

The influence of nose perturbations on the behaviors of asymmetric vortices over a slender body with a three-caliber ogive nose is studied in this paper. The tests of a nose-disturbed slender body with surface pressure measurement were conducted at a low speed wind tunnel with subcritical Reynolds number of 1×105 at angle of attack α=50°. The experiment results show that the behaviors and structure of asymmetric vortices over the slender body are mainly controlled by manual perturbation on the nose of body as compared with geometrical minute irregularities on the test model from the machining tolerances. The effect of the perturbation axial location on asymmetric vortices is the strongest if its location is near the model apex. There are four sensitive circumferential locations of manual perturbation at which bistable vortices over the slender body are switched by the perturbation. The flowfield near the reattachment line of lee side is more sensitive to the perturbation, because the saddle point to saddle point topological structure in this reattachment flowfield is unstable. Various types of perturbation do not change the perturbation effect on the behaviors of bistable asymmetric vortices.

Efficient Solution to Electromagnetic Scattering Problems of Bodies of Revolution by Compressive Sensing

Under the theory structure of compressive sensing （CS）, an underdetermined equation is deduced for describing the discrete solution of the electromagnetic integral equation of body of revolution （BOR）, which will result in a small-scale impedance matrix. In the new linear equation system, the small-scale impedance matrix can be regarded as the measurement matrix in CS, while the excited vector is the measurement of unknown currents. Instead of solving dense full rank matrix equations by the iterative method, with suitable sparse representation, for unknown currents on the surface of BOR, the entire current can be accurately obtained by reconstructed algorithms in CS for small-scale undetermined equations. Numerical results show that the proposed method can greatly improve the computgtional efficiency and can decrease memory consumed.

AN EFFICIENT ITERATION ALGORITHM OF MIXED BOUNDARY/FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND APPLICATION TO FREE TORSIONAL VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF BODIES OF REVOLUTION

In this paper, the general formulation of anew proposed iteration algorithm of mixed BEM/FEM for eigenvalue problems of elastodynamics is described. Approximate fundamental solutions of elastodynamics are adopted in the normal mixed BEM/FEM equations. The accuracy of solutions is progressively improved by the iteration procedure. Not only could the awkwardness of non-algebraic eigenvalue equations be avoided but also the accuracy of numerical solutions is almost independent of the interior meshing. All these give many advantages in numerical calculation. The algorithm is applied to free torsional vibration analysis of bodies of revolution. A few cases are studied. All of the numerical results are very good.

Wall-modeled large eddy simulation for the flows around an axisymmetric body of revolution

The flow around an axisymmetric body of revolution(DARPA SUBOFF bare model)at Re=1.2×10^(7)is numerically investigated using the wall-modeled large eddy simulation(WMLES).To evaluate the capabilities of WMLES in such wall-bounded turbulent flows,the effects of the wall stress model and sampling distance are systematically studied.The numerical results of the non-equilibrium wall stress model with an appropriate sampling distance are in good agreement with the experiments in terms of pressure coefficient,skin-friction coefficient,and drag coefficient.On this basis,the thickening of the turbulent boundary layer and the expansion of the wake can be clearly observed through flow visualization,especially using the Liutex vortex identification method.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON A SUPERCAVITATING SLENDER BODY OF REVOLUTION WITH VENTILATION

The behavior of supercavitating and cavitatlng flow around a conical body of revolution with and without ventilation at several angles of attack was studied experimentally. The hydrodynamic forces for a range of cavitation number were measured. Comparisons of the appearance and the hydrodynamic forces in condition of cavity with and without ventilation were made over the same range of the cavitation number, and a well agreement was obtained. The changes of the drag were especially studied. The experimental results showed that the drag of the model decreased with the presence of supercavity under the ventilation condition.

Wall-modeled large-eddy simulation of noise generated by turbulence around an appended axisymmetric body of revolution

The directivity of the noise generated by turbulent flows around an underwater vehicle(the fully appended SUBOFF body)is investigated numerically,where the turbulent flows are simulated by using the large eddy simulation(LES)with a non-equilibrium wall model and the noise is calculated by using the Ffowcs Williams and Hawking formulation.The wall-modeled LES reproduces the features of turbulent flows around SUBOFF,such as the attached boundary layers around the hull,separated vortices from appendages and the wrapped vortices in wakes.The coefficients and power spectral density of the wall pressures obtained are in agreement with the previous numerical results and experimental measurements.It is found that the constructive and destructive interferences of lift and side-force dipoles lead to the deviations of the directivities of instantaneous sound pressures from the lift directions.This is different from noise generated by flows around a circular cylinder,where lift dipoles dominate the radiated noise.

Approximate CN scheme and its open region problems for metamaterial rotational symmetric simulation

In order to simulate metamaterial rotational symmetric open region problems,unconditionally stable perfectly match layer(PML)implementation is proposed in the body of revolution(BOR)finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)lattice.More precisely,the proposed algorithm is implemented by the Crank-Nicolson(CN)Douglas-Gunn(DG)procedure for BOR metamaterial simulation.The constitutive relationship of metamaterial can be expressed by the Drude model and calculated by the piecewise linear recursive convolution(PLRC)approach.The effectiveness including absorption,efficiency,and accuracy is demonstrated through the numerical example.It can be concluded that the proposed implementation is to take the advantages of the CNDG-PML procedure,PLRC approach,and BORFDTD algorithm in terms of considerable accuracy,enhanced absorption and remarkable efficiency.Meanwhile,it can be demonstrated that the proposed scheme can maintain its unconditional stability when the time step exceeds the CourantFriedrichs-Levy(CFL)condition.

Asymmetry for Convex Body of Revolution

In this paper, we study the Minkowski measure of asymmetry for n-dimensional convex bodies of revolution （ n ≥ 3 ）. We show that among all n-dimensional convex bodies of revolution, the bodies which generated by isosceles triangles are the most asymmetric ones. Also, we study the asymmetry for n-dimensional constant width bodies of revolution.

Fast Inhomogeneous Plane Wave Algorithm for Homogeneous Dielectric Body of Revolution

To solve the electromagnetic scattering problem for homogeneous dielectric bodies of revolution(BOR),a fast inhomogeneous plane wave algorithm is developed.By using the Weyl identity and designing a proper integration path,the aggregation and disaggregation factors can be derived analytically.Compared with the traditional method of moments(MoM),both the memory and CPU time requirements are reduced for large-scale homogeneous dielectric BOR problems.Numerical results are given to demonstrate the validity and the efficiency of the proposed method.