Discussion on pathogenesis of colorectal cancer based on the theory of rheumatic fever in traditional Chinese medicine

Rheumatic fever is a disease according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),and its main clinical manifestations include coma and confusion of eyes and head,severe limb drowsiness,fever without consciousness,sticky and greasy stool,short and blood urine,red tongue with yellow and greasy coating,and slippery rapid pulse.Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in the digestive tract.According to the theory of TCM,rheumatic fever is the main etiology and pathogenesis of colorectal cancer,which is the common syndrome of colorectal cancer.The method of antipyretic and removing dampness has been widely used in TCM treatment for colorectal cancer which is effective.From the perspective of rheumatic fever,the article summarizes the material basis of colorectal cancer from the perspectives of gene,protein,metabolism,and microorganism,discussing the potential mechanism of rheumatic fever in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer combined with the theory of TCM,summarizing the defects of the research direction at this stage,in order to better guide the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer.

Recent efforts to understand Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disese:Concepts about the Streptococcus and the Human Host

Although an association between the group A beta hemolytic streptococcus and rheumatic fever has been recognized for more than half a century, many important issues about this relationship remain incompletely defined. The initiating pharyngeal throat infection and

Concurrent Acute Rheumatic Fever and Infective Endocarditis:Case Report

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is an inflammatory disease that occurs following an infection with certain strains of group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Despite dramatic falls in the incidence, Acute Rheumatic Fever remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with acquired heart disease in developing countries. Infective endocarditis (IE) is defined as a microbial infection of the endothelial surface of the heart. IE occurs most frequently in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease. As far as we know, the simultaneous occurrence of both conditions has not been previously reported. References to our outpatient clinic with complaints of fever and joint pain, clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of infective endocarditis fits both with both the ARF and remitted entirely with appropriate treatment, as far as we know, we think that this is not a case of our similar event in the literature. Here we present a case of a fifteen-year-old girl with concurrent acute rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis.

Rheumatic fever reappraised

Rheumatic fever is a complication following an episode of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. It is an acute immunologically mediated, multisystem inflammatory disorder. Acute rheumatic heart disease during the active phase of rheumatic fever sometimes progresses to chronic rheumatic heart disease. Despite its declining importance in industrialised countries rheumatic fever remains the leading cause of death from heart disease in children and young adults in less developed regions. Fifteen to twenty million new cases emerge every year in developing countries.~1

CURRENT STATUS OF RHEUMATIC FEVER

Rheumatic fever (RF) is considered to be an autoimmune disease that is a delayed response to pharyngeal infection by Beta-hemolytic Group A streptococcus (GSA). One of the severe complications is carditis. A significant decline in the incidence of RF has been observed since the 1960s, so that in the early 80s some of the experts in developed countries declared that this disease was vanishing. Unfortunately, in the mid 1980s, resurgence

Isolated Rheumatic Pulmonary Valve Disease—Case Reports

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children and young adults worldwide and particularly developing countries continuing to experience a high incidence of this disease. The unexpected increase in the incidence of the disease in certain areas may explain the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of this disease. The key manifestation of RHD is the cardiac valvular abnormalities characterized principally by deforming the layered and avascular leaflet architecture due to inflammation and subsequent diffuse fibrosis. Mitral valve is mostly involved and pulmonary valve is rarely affected. Background of these case reports highlighted the increased incidence of rheumatic pulmonary valve disease in Thoothukudi region of India in Tamil Nadu state.

Group A streptococcal antigen exposed rat model to investigate neurobehavioral and cardiac complications associated with post-streptococcal autoimmune sequelae

Background:The neuropsychiatric disorders due to post-streptococcal autoimmune complications such as Sydenham's chorea(SC)are associated with acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease(ARF/RHD).An animal model that exhibits char-acteristics of both cardiac and neurobehavioral defects in ARF/RHD would be an important adjunct for future studies.Since age,gender,strain differences,and geno-types impact on the development of autoimmunity,we investigated the behavior of male and female Wistar and Lewis rat strains in two age cohorts(6 weeks and 12 weeks)under normal husbandry conditions and following exposure to group A streptococcus(GAS).Methods:Standard behavioral assessments were performed to determine the impair-ments in fine motor control(food manipulation test),gait and balance(beam walk-ing test),and obsessive-compulsive behavior(grooming and marble burying tests).Furthermore,electrocardiography,histology,and behavioral assessments were per-formed on male and female Lewis rats injected with GAS antigens.Results:For control Lewis rats there were no significant age and gender dependent differences in marble burying,food manipulation,beam walking and grooming be-haviors.In contrast significant age-dependent differences were observed in Wistar rats in all the behavioral tests except for food manipulation.Therefore,Lewis rats were selected for further experiments to determine the effect of GAS.After ex-posure to GAS,Lewis rats demonstrated neurobehavioral abnormalities and cardiac pathology akin to SC and ARF/RHD,respectively.Conclusion:We have characterised a new model that provides longitudinal stability of age-dependent behavior,to simultaneously investigate both neurobehavioral and cardiac abnormalities associated with post-streptococcal complications.