The structures of mature embryo sacs in 13 genetic stock lines of autotetraploid rice （Oryza sativa L.）, including indica, japonica and javanica, were studied by using the whole-mount stain-clearing laser scanning c...The structures of mature embryo sacs in 13 genetic stock lines of autotetraploid rice （Oryza sativa L.）, including indica, japonica and javanica, were studied by using the whole-mount stain-clearing laser scanning confocal microscopy （WCLSM）. Among the 13 autotetraploid rice, the majority of ovaries possess normal polygonum-type embryo sacs, while a few ovaries were characterized by abnormal embryo sacs. The abnormalities of embryo sacs could be classified into six categories, i. e. no female germ unit, abnormal polar nuclei, embryo sac degeneration, no egg apparatus, small embryo sac and ＇double set＇ of embryo sacs. The frequency of abnormal embryo sac in japonica （26.6%） was higher than that in indica （19.34%）. In addition, the major abnormalities in each autotetraploid line varied, suggesting that the abnormalities may be related to the genotypes of the varieties.展开更多
It has described structure of the pericarp of 6 Ferula species fruits in natural habitat conditions: Nuratau range and Kyzylkum Desert. Differences in the location and structure of the secretory conceptacles have been...It has described structure of the pericarp of 6 Ferula species fruits in natural habitat conditions: Nuratau range and Kyzylkum Desert. Differences in the location and structure of the secretory conceptacles have been discovered due to their biomes and habitat conditions. Secretory tubules of mature fruit pericarp (Scorodosma subgenus) F. foetida obliterated. In the pericarp (Macrorrhiza section) of F. varia fruit, there are two types of secretory structures: dorsal and commissural. In the fruit pericarp of (Xeronarthex section) F. kyzylkumica, F. helenae, F. dshizakensis and F. angreni species, there are three types: dorsal, commissural and costal, which increase their drought resistance and reflect a higher evolutionary level of taxa [1].展开更多
Observations were made on one eye from a Longman’s beaked whale Indopacetus pacificus, which was probably one of the least known extant cetaceans. The whale died shortly after swimming aground on the coast in the Nis...Observations were made on one eye from a Longman’s beaked whale Indopacetus pacificus, which was probably one of the least known extant cetaceans. The whale died shortly after swimming aground on the coast in the Nishikata Beach, Sendai-shi, Kagoshima-ken Prefecture, Japan, on July 26, 2002. It was a mature female with body length 6.45 m. This paper documented the basic structural characteristics of her visual organ of the whale in order to better understand this animal.展开更多
Structural botany, being derived from plant anatomy, has been considered as an important branch of botany, both in concept and practice. In this paper, a review concerning the evolutionary trends of development from p...Structural botany, being derived from plant anatomy, has been considered as an important branch of botany, both in concept and practice. In this paper, a review concerning the evolutionary trends of development from plant developmental anatomy to plant developmental biology, plant comparative anatomy to plant systematic biology and plant ecological anatomy to plant environmental biology during the past 50 years in China is addressed and their potential development and usefulness in the near future were largely discussed.展开更多
Human cadaver dissection remains a core and preferred method of anatomical instruction at most low- and middle-income health professional training institutions. Dissection, which is both traumatic and stressful, sets ...Human cadaver dissection remains a core and preferred method of anatomical instruction at most low- and middle-income health professional training institutions. Dissection, which is both traumatic and stressful, sets the tone of the students’ responses to later and or similar stressful learning opportunities like the post-mortems or care for terminally ill patients. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to determine the effect of the students’: personality, perception of the learning environment, learning approach, and effect of the environment on the student, on undergraduate health professional student’s activity in the human cadaver dissection room. This was a secondary analysis of previously collected data from a cross sectional survey of undergraduate health professional students. We found that personality type and perception of the environment had a positive effect on dissection room activity. Approach to learning and being affected by the dissection room experience (impact), had a negative effect on dissection room activity. All the above effects on dissection room activity were not significant. This study showed that personality, perception of the learning environment, learning approach and effect of the environment on the student, had effects on undergraduate health professional student’s activity in the human cadaver dissection room. The modelled effects are opportunities for educational interventions aimed at increasing student activity in the dissection room.展开更多
对极端生境(旱生与水生)下的8种藓类植物,旱生条件下生长的虎尾藓(H edw ig ia cilia ta(H edw.)P.B eauv.)、欧黑藓东亚变种(And reaea rup estrisH edw.var.f auriei(B esch)T akak i)、长蒴紫萼藓(G rimm ia m acrothe-ca M itt.)、...对极端生境(旱生与水生)下的8种藓类植物,旱生条件下生长的虎尾藓(H edw ig ia cilia ta(H edw.)P.B eauv.)、欧黑藓东亚变种(And reaea rup estrisH edw.var.f auriei(B esch)T akak i)、长蒴紫萼藓(G rimm ia m acrothe-ca M itt.)、日本蓑藓(M acrom itrium jap on icum D oz.et M o lk)和簇生砂藓(R acom itrium aqua ticum(Schrad.)B rid.),水生条件下生长的大叶凤尾藓(F issid ens g rand if rons B rid.)、鳞叶水藓(F ontina lis squam osa H edw.)和短尖美喙藓(E urhynch ium angustirete(B roth.)T.K op.)进行了茎的横切及离析后细胞形态学的比较研究.结果表明:(1)生长在干旱条件下的5种藓类植物的茎无中轴分化,细胞壁厚;离析后可见细胞端尾和纹孔场数目多,端尾数目增多扩大了细胞间的接触表面积,纹孔场数目最多为2.60/细胞,显示出其机械组织发达,这些是对旱生生长环境的适应.(2)生长在水生条件下的3种藓类植物茎的中轴有或无,细胞壁薄;离析后可见细胞端尾和纹孔场数目少,纹孔场数目最少为0.37/细胞,茎表皮细胞壁薄且茎内有大量薄壁细胞,表明其机械组织不发达,这些特征与水生生长环境相适应.本文还对8种藓类植物茎的结构特征在分类中的应用进行了探讨,认为茎表皮、内外皮部宽度及细胞分化的比例、中轴的有或无等在属间种内的性状是稳定的,具分类学意义.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Grant No.30270814)the Teaching and Research Award Program for 0utstanding Young Teachers in Higher Education Institutions of M0E,P.R.China.
文摘The structures of mature embryo sacs in 13 genetic stock lines of autotetraploid rice （Oryza sativa L.）, including indica, japonica and javanica, were studied by using the whole-mount stain-clearing laser scanning confocal microscopy （WCLSM）. Among the 13 autotetraploid rice, the majority of ovaries possess normal polygonum-type embryo sacs, while a few ovaries were characterized by abnormal embryo sacs. The abnormalities of embryo sacs could be classified into six categories, i. e. no female germ unit, abnormal polar nuclei, embryo sac degeneration, no egg apparatus, small embryo sac and ＇double set＇ of embryo sacs. The frequency of abnormal embryo sac in japonica （26.6%） was higher than that in indica （19.34%）. In addition, the major abnormalities in each autotetraploid line varied, suggesting that the abnormalities may be related to the genotypes of the varieties.
文摘It has described structure of the pericarp of 6 Ferula species fruits in natural habitat conditions: Nuratau range and Kyzylkum Desert. Differences in the location and structure of the secretory conceptacles have been discovered due to their biomes and habitat conditions. Secretory tubules of mature fruit pericarp (Scorodosma subgenus) F. foetida obliterated. In the pericarp (Macrorrhiza section) of F. varia fruit, there are two types of secretory structures: dorsal and commissural. In the fruit pericarp of (Xeronarthex section) F. kyzylkumica, F. helenae, F. dshizakensis and F. angreni species, there are three types: dorsal, commissural and costal, which increase their drought resistance and reflect a higher evolutionary level of taxa [1].
基金the National Science Museum,Tokyo 169-0073,JapanNNSF of China (No.40376042)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.Y2007D75)
文摘Observations were made on one eye from a Longman’s beaked whale Indopacetus pacificus, which was probably one of the least known extant cetaceans. The whale died shortly after swimming aground on the coast in the Nishikata Beach, Sendai-shi, Kagoshima-ken Prefecture, Japan, on July 26, 2002. It was a mature female with body length 6.45 m. This paper documented the basic structural characteristics of her visual organ of the whale in order to better understand this animal.
文摘Structural botany, being derived from plant anatomy, has been considered as an important branch of botany, both in concept and practice. In this paper, a review concerning the evolutionary trends of development from plant developmental anatomy to plant developmental biology, plant comparative anatomy to plant systematic biology and plant ecological anatomy to plant environmental biology during the past 50 years in China is addressed and their potential development and usefulness in the near future were largely discussed.
文摘Human cadaver dissection remains a core and preferred method of anatomical instruction at most low- and middle-income health professional training institutions. Dissection, which is both traumatic and stressful, sets the tone of the students’ responses to later and or similar stressful learning opportunities like the post-mortems or care for terminally ill patients. Partial least squares structural equation modelling was used to determine the effect of the students’: personality, perception of the learning environment, learning approach, and effect of the environment on the student, on undergraduate health professional student’s activity in the human cadaver dissection room. This was a secondary analysis of previously collected data from a cross sectional survey of undergraduate health professional students. We found that personality type and perception of the environment had a positive effect on dissection room activity. Approach to learning and being affected by the dissection room experience (impact), had a negative effect on dissection room activity. All the above effects on dissection room activity were not significant. This study showed that personality, perception of the learning environment, learning approach and effect of the environment on the student, had effects on undergraduate health professional student’s activity in the human cadaver dissection room. The modelled effects are opportunities for educational interventions aimed at increasing student activity in the dissection room.
文摘对极端生境(旱生与水生)下的8种藓类植物,旱生条件下生长的虎尾藓(H edw ig ia cilia ta(H edw.)P.B eauv.)、欧黑藓东亚变种(And reaea rup estrisH edw.var.f auriei(B esch)T akak i)、长蒴紫萼藓(G rimm ia m acrothe-ca M itt.)、日本蓑藓(M acrom itrium jap on icum D oz.et M o lk)和簇生砂藓(R acom itrium aqua ticum(Schrad.)B rid.),水生条件下生长的大叶凤尾藓(F issid ens g rand if rons B rid.)、鳞叶水藓(F ontina lis squam osa H edw.)和短尖美喙藓(E urhynch ium angustirete(B roth.)T.K op.)进行了茎的横切及离析后细胞形态学的比较研究.结果表明:(1)生长在干旱条件下的5种藓类植物的茎无中轴分化,细胞壁厚;离析后可见细胞端尾和纹孔场数目多,端尾数目增多扩大了细胞间的接触表面积,纹孔场数目最多为2.60/细胞,显示出其机械组织发达,这些是对旱生生长环境的适应.(2)生长在水生条件下的3种藓类植物茎的中轴有或无,细胞壁薄;离析后可见细胞端尾和纹孔场数目少,纹孔场数目最少为0.37/细胞,茎表皮细胞壁薄且茎内有大量薄壁细胞,表明其机械组织不发达,这些特征与水生生长环境相适应.本文还对8种藓类植物茎的结构特征在分类中的应用进行了探讨,认为茎表皮、内外皮部宽度及细胞分化的比例、中轴的有或无等在属间种内的性状是稳定的,具分类学意义.
