Lodging Resistance Related to Root Traits for Mechanized Wet-Seeding of Two Super Rice Cultivars

Mechanical hill wet-seeded rice machine is beneficial for establishing and growing uniform rows of seedlings.However,there is limited knowledge regarding the effects of the establishment of furrows on growth,lodging and yield,and their relationships with root traits.In this study,field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 using two super rice varieties(hybrid rice Peizataifeng and inbred rice Yuxiangyouzhan)under three furrow establishment treatments(T1,both water and seed furrows were established by the machine;T2,only seed furrows were established by the machine;and T3,neither water nor seed furrows were established by the machine).Lodging index,lodging-related traits,grain yield,above-ground dry weight and root traits were measured.The results showed that the lodging index was significantly affected by the treatments with furrows(T1 and T2).The strongest lodging resistance was detected in the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice with furrow treatment(T1)in both 2012 and 2013.Lodging resistance was strongly related to the breaking resistance.No significant difference was found in grain yield or dry weight of the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice.Therefore,the mechanical hill wet-seeded rice with furrow treatment increased rice lodging resistance,which was related to root traits.

Stem flow of seed-maize under alternate furrow irrigation and double-row ridge planting in an arid region of Northwest China

Maize is widely planted throughout the world and has the highest yield of all the cereal crops. The arid region of North- west China has become the largest base for seed-maize production, but water shortage is the bottleneck for its long-term sustainability. Investigating the transpiration of seed-maize plants will offer valuable information for suitable planting and irrigation strategies in this arid area. In this study, stem flow was measured using a heat balance method under alternate furrow irrigation and double-row ridge planting. Meteorological factors, soil water content （e）, soil temperature （Ts） and leaf area （LA） were also monitored during 2012 and 2013. The diurnal stem flow and seasonal dynamics of maize plants in the zones of south side female parent （SFP）, north side female parent （NFP） and male parent （MP） were investigated. The order of stem flow rate was： SFP〉MP〉NFP. The relationships between stem flow and influential factors during three growth stages at different time scales were analyzed. On an hourly scale, solar radiation （Rs） was the main driving factor of stem flow. The influence of air temperature （Ta） during the maturity stage was significantly higher than in other periods. On a daily scale, Rs was the main driving factor of stem flow during the heading stage. During the filling growth stage, the main driving factor of NFP and MP stem flow was RH and Ts, respectively. However, during the maturity stage, the environ- mental factors had no significant influence on seed-maize stem flow. For different seed-maize plants, the main influential factors were different in each of the three growing seasons. Therefore, we identified them to accurately model the FP and MP stem flow and applied precision irrigation under alternate partial root-zone furrow irrigation to analyze major factors affecting stem flow in different scales.

Ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting with supplemental irrigation to improve seed yield and water use efficiency of winter oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)

Ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting （RFRH） planting pattern can lessen the effect of water deficits throughout all crop growth stages, but water shortage would remain unavoidable during some stages of crop growth in arid and semiarid areas. Supplemental irrigation would still be needed to achieve a higher production. Field experiments were conducted for two growing seasons （2012-2013 and 2013-2014）to determine an appropriate amount of supplemental irrigation to be applied to winter oilseed rape at the stem-elongation stage with RFRH planting pattern. Four treatments, including supplemental irrigation amount of 0 （I1）, 60 mm （I2） and 120 mm （I3） with RFRH planting pattern and a control （CK） irrigated with 120 mm with flat planting pattern, were set up to evaluate the effects of supplemental irrigation on aboveground dry matter （ADM）, nitrogen nutrition index （NNI）, radiation use efficiency （RUE）, water use efficiency （WUE）, and seed yield and oil content of the oilseed rape. Results showed that supplemental irrigation improved NNI, RUE, seed yield and oil content, and WUE. However, the NNI, RUE, seed yield and oil content, and WUE did not increase significantly or even showed a downward trend with excessive irrigation. Seed yield was the highest in 13 for both growing seasons. Seed yield and WUE in 13 averaged 3235 kg ha^-1 and 8.85 kg ha^-1 mm-1, respectively. The highest WUE was occurred in 12 for both growing seasons. Seed yield and WUE in 12 averaged 3089 kg ha^-1 and 9.63 kg ha^-1 mm^-1, respectively. Compared to 13, 12 used 60 mm less irrigation amount, had an 8.9% higher WUE, but only 4.5 and 0.4% lower seed yield and oil content, respectively. 12 saved water without substantially sacrificing yield or oil content, so it is recommended as an appropriate cultivation and irrigation schedule for winter oilseed rape at the stem-elongation stage.

Design and test of a double compression seeder for pre-sowing and seed furrow of wheat in wide-seedling belts

To solve the problem of poor sowing quality due to loose soil in wheat seedbed after land preparation in the Huang-Huaihai region of China,a double compression seeder for pre-sowing and seed furrow of wheat in wide-seedling belts was designed.The machine sowing operation was divided into two processes:pre-sowing compression and seed ditch compression,pre-sowing compression was carried out homogenization of the pre-sowing seed bed that the tractor wheel has crushed,and the seed ditch compression compresses the seeds and soil in the seed ditch,so that the seeds were embedded in the seed ditch soil.By analyzing the kinematics of the pre-planting compression device and the spiral blade in the process of soil levelling and compression,the structure of the equal-difference variable-diameter equal-pitch spiral conveying winch was designed,and the key parameters of the drum spiral blade were determined,and then the height of the spiral blades,the rutting distance and the speed of the compression roller were taken as the test factors,and the soil flatness was used as the index to carry out the discrete element simulation test.The simulation results show that when the spiral blade was 4.85 cm,the rut distance was 37.4 cm,and the rotation speed was 327.16 r/min,the optimal land flatness was 0.18.Finally,field experiments were carried out on the seeder,and the results showed that:the soil bulk density after operation was 22.7%greater than that before sowing(p<0.01),and the soil flatness was 1.9 cm,which was consistent with the simulated results.The use of pre-sowing compression and seed furrow compression methods improved the soil environment of the seed bed,increased the uniformity of the seeding depth,and promoted the root growth of wheat.This study provides equipment support and technical reference for agricultural production in wheat-corn rotation areas in the Huang-Huaihai region of China.

Design and experiment of seed furrow cleaning device based on throwing and sliding for no-till maize seeding

In order to solve the serious problems of seeds are covered by residual film and overhead by straw during no-till seeding,a seed furrow cleaning device for no-till maize seeding was developed,which adopted a collaborative cleaning method of rotating spring teeth and curved sliding shovel.The movement process and motion trajectory of throwing residual film and straw were constructed.The maximum distance of throwing to one side in horizontal and maximum height in vertical were obtained.The motion trajectory of adjacent spring teeth was analyzed by Matlab,the motion trajectories of adjacent spring teeth at different speeds of 120 r/min,150 r/min and 180 r/min were achieved,the theoretical analysis results showed that the area of omitted area decreased with the increase of rotation speed.Based on theoretical and simulation analysis of critical parameters,the forward speed of machine,rotation speed of spring teeth,and dip angle between spring teeth and rotary disc were selected as the influencing factor.Straw cleaning rate(SCR)and residual film cleaning rate(RFCR)were selected as the response values for three factors and three levels of orthogonal experiment design.The optimal combination of the selected parameters was obtained,and the field test verification was also conducted.The results showed that the rotation speed of spring teeth,forward speed and dip angle of spring teeth significantly affect SCR and RFCR were in decreasing order.The field test results indicated that when forward speed was 6 km/h,rotation speed of spring teeth was 180 r/min and dip angle of spring teeth was 40°,SCR and RFCR were 88.27%and 84.31%,respectively.This study provides a reference for the development of no-till seeder in Xinjiang and the northwestern regions of China.

基于深度学习的“一膜两年用”玉米全膜双垄沟种床特征识别方法研究

为更加准确掌握“一膜两年用”玉米全膜双垄沟覆膜种床特征,提高其智能化生产水平,采用基于深度学习的目标检测网络模型开展“一膜两年用”玉米全膜双垄沟种床特征识别方法的研究,对种床结构中的残膜、根茬和覆土带进行检测识别。结果表明:优化后的YOLOx网络模型的效果相关值(mAP)为90.76%,检测结果优于其他网络模型。为探究无人机拍摄图像对目标检测结果的影响,采用三因素三水平BOX-Behnken试验设计方法,建立无人机飞行高度、无人机飞行角度和无人机飞行速度与评价网络模型mAP值的数学模型,寻求无人机拍摄的最优参数组合并进行试验验证,当无人机飞行高度为0.9 m、飞行角度100°、飞行速度2.2 m·s^(-1)时,评价网络模型效果相关的响应值达到最优。经验证,无人机拍摄参数优化后,网络模型的mAP值为92.67%,检测效果优于其他组模型。

两垄四行花生精量播种机的设计及试验

针对南方花生播种机械化水平低、现有机型适应性差等问题,设计了一种适用于南方花生种植农艺的两垄四行花生精量播种机。在充分了解南方花生种植农艺要求的基础上,对两垄四行花生精量播种机的整体结构、播种单体、动力转动等关键部件进行设计。完成样机的制造后开展田间播种试验,根据《花生播种机作业质量》(NY/T 3660—2020)标准测得:适宜的作业速度下,穴距合格率为95.5%、空穴率为1.5%、穴粒数合格率为90.0%,符合上述标准要求。本研究设计的花生播种机基本符合南方花生种植农艺要求,可为后续研发作业效果更好的花生播种机提供一定的指导。

一种可调式免耕播种机结构设计

针对目前世界各国对农产品的需求越来越大,中国农业播种机技术还不成熟且难以普及等问题,对播种机的排种器、排肥器、开沟器、旋耕器等部件进行了研究,设计了一种可调式免耕播种机。其中开沟器可以同时破开两条具有高度差的种沟和肥沟,排种器可以通过调节孔挡板扦插进排种器外壳内的深度来实现播种速度的调节。研究结果表明,该设计能够避免种子在吸收肥料的过程中发生烧苗、烧根等现象,并且能够根据不同的播种要求调节播种速度。

基于农机与农艺相结合的水稻精量穴直播技术及机具

对水稻直播存在的农艺技术难点,基于农机与农艺相结合的理念,提出了同步开沟起垄水稻精量穴直播技术、同步开沟起垄施肥水稻精量穴直播技术和同步开沟起垄喷施水稻精量穴直播技术,研制成功2BD系列水稻精量穴直播机.生产试验结果表明,采用精量穴直播技术的水稻群体结构合理,减少了直播稻的倒伏现象,实现了水稻节水灌溉种植,产量可比人工撒播、人工抛秧和人工插秧分别增加10%、8%和6%以上;采用同步开沟起垄施肥水稻精量穴直播技术可节肥30%以上,产量提高10%以上;采用同步开沟起垄喷施水稻精量穴直播技术在直播时同步喷施液体地膜成苗率可提高18%以上,产量提高5%以上.

渭北旱塬不同施肥与覆盖栽培对冬小麦产量形成及土壤水分利用的影响

【目的】研究不同施肥和覆盖栽培模式对渭北旱塬旱地冬小麦产量和水分利用的影响。【方法】通过田间试验,研究测土推荐施氮、顶凌追肥、垄覆沟播、秸秆还田覆盖等措施对冬小麦产量、生物量、收获指数、水分利用效率及土壤水分周年变化的影响。【结果】旱地早春追肥使冬小麦增产6%—14%,水分利用效率提高7%—10%,达到12.2—13.6 kg.hm-2.mm-1;"减氮+垄覆沟播"增产达15%—41%,水分利用率提高10%—30%,达到12.2—16.5 kg.hm-2.mm-1。主要原因是,通过测土优化氮肥用量,采用基肥﹕追肥(3﹕1)方式,并与起垄覆膜栽培措施相结合可促进冬小麦利用深层土壤水分,提高冬小麦抽穗开花期植株含水量和成熟期的生物量及收获指数;虽然生育期耗水增加,但水分利用效率也提高。而单纯减少氮肥用量,不利于水分利用效率的提高;夏季垄上覆膜沟内覆盖作物秸秆可提高休闲效率,利于土壤水分恢复,实现土壤水分周年平衡和旱地小麦可持续增产。【结论】优化施氮结合垄覆沟播是黄土高原渭北旱地小麦增产增效的栽培模式。

9SB-2.4型草原松土补播机的研制与试验

为了大面积改良天然退化草场，加快畜牧业持续发展，改善草原生态环境，研制了一种多功能牧草免耕补播机，该机在不破坏原生植被的情况下，可对退化草场进行免耕补种，加快退化草场恢复产草量。该文介绍了该机的工作原理、主要工作部件结构特点，并对该机的播种性能进行了台架试验和田间试验。试验结果表明：该机可一次完成切开草皮、切断草根、开沟、播种和覆土等项作业，播量为7．5～90kg／hm^2，开沟深度10～90mm，适宜大面积天然草场机械化改良。

山旱地冬小麦地膜覆盖沟穴播技术试验研究

为了提高旱地冬小麦降水利用效率，进而达到增产，试验采用了冬小麦全生育期地膜覆盖沟穴播栽培方法。结果表明，覆膜沟穴播较覆膜穴播增产２４．２３％，较露地条播增产４６．１１％，显示了其保水抗旱增产的作用。

稻麦联合收获开沟埋草一体机播种系统设计与试验

目前免耕播种机多为收获后免耕播种作业,未有将免耕播种系统与收获、秸秆还田相结合的复式机型,为了满足此种集成作业需要,达到抢农时、提高作业效率、减少机器下地次数的目的,设计了一种免耕播种系统与稻麦联合收获开沟埋草一体机相结合的机型,该播种系统主要由排种装置、种沟开沟装置、抛土装置构成。性能试验结果表明:设计的小型免耕开沟器开沟深度为3.1 cm,开沟宽度为3.6 m,破茬率为83.4%;延伸板长度为12 cm的抛土装置单侧抛土幅宽为105 cm,覆土厚度为2.2 cm,碎土率为97.8%,抛土均匀性为91.7%。播种系统水稻旱直播田间试验表明:当播种系统播种水稻干种、湿种播量分别为112.5 kg/hm^2、135 kg/hm^2时,产量分别为6 532.4、6 510.0 kg/hm^2,满足一体机免耕旱直播的播种需求。

辽西半干旱区垄膜沟种方式对春玉米水分利用和产量的影响

【目的】春玉米是辽西地区的主要作物,其整个生育期需水量较多,但该区降水资源短缺且降水变率大,时空分布不均,有限降水难以满足春玉米高产稳产所需。垄膜沟种可有效汇集天然降水,提高降水资源化程度,开展相关研究以充分有效地利用该区有限的自然降水,提高农田水分利用效率,促进玉米稳产高产。【方法】2007—2013年在辽宁朝阳地区进行玉米垄膜沟种微集雨种植试验,研究不同种植模式对土壤水分、玉米产量和农田水分利用效率的影响。试验设垄膜沟种(沟内不覆盖,T1)、垄膜沟覆秸秆(T2)、垄膜沟覆膜(T3)和传统种植(CK)4种处理,随机区组设计,3次重复。传统种植为垄沟种植,行距50 cm,垄膜沟种方式为沟垄相间排列,沟宽80 cm,垄宽40 cm,垄高15 cm,垄上覆膜为集雨区,沟为种植区,种植2行玉米。各处理种植密度为52 500株/hm2左右,种肥为磷酸二铵(375 kg·hm-2,N 18%,P2O5 46%),拔节初期追施尿素(375 kg·hm-2,N 46%)。【结果】垄膜沟种微集雨种植可有效汇集天然降雨,2009年和2010年玉米出苗率分别提高13.0%和14.9%,出苗时间提前1—2 d。前期长时间无有效降雨的情况下,一场有效降雨过后,土壤贮水量增加幅度依次为T2>T1>CK>T3,T1和T2种植区水分入渗深度至少达到60 cm,而CK水分入渗深度只有40 cm,产流效率为61%,T1和T2蓄墒增加率分别为72%和88%。各处理生育期间土壤水分平均值从大到小依次为T2>T1>T3>CK,其值分别为140.93、135.27、127.85和118.98 mm,较对照分别增加18.45%、13.69%和7.46%。2007—2013年,T1—T3产量比对照分别增产24.31%—32.58%、9.95%—17.81%、32.12%—37.16%、16.58%—27.96%、2.50%—9.40%、10.85%—29.33%和4.14%—17.95%,T1、T2和T3较对照平均增产幅度分别为14.52%、20.01%和23.44%。2007—2012年,T1—T3水分利用效率较对照分别增加24.66%—36.07%、14.12%—23.73%、38.34%—53.89%、29.07%—35.68%、1.20%—19.60%和9.02%—32.55%,T1、T2和T3水分利用效率较对照平均增加幅度分别为20.39%、27.94%和28.02%。在相对干旱年份,产量和水分利用效率增加幅度较大。【结论】通过连续7年进行旱作农田垄膜沟种微集雨种植试验,明晰了该技术模式在辽西半干旱地区的集雨、蓄水和保墒效果,有效减轻春季干旱对春播保苗和幼苗生长造成的不利影响,丰富了辽西半干旱地区旱作集水农业的理论基础。通过该项技术的推广应用,可有效提高该区降水资源利用率和农田水分利用效率,使玉米稳产高产,从而促进该区旱作农业健康、可持续发展。该项研究对中国北方旱作集水农业的发展也具有重要的借鉴意义。

山旱地冬小麦地膜覆盖沟穴播接纳雨水试验研究初报

试验结果表明，山旱地冬小麦全生育期覆膜沟穴播技术，产量分别较对照覆膜穴播和常规露地条播增产１５．６４％和６５．９８％，且有较好的地表增温和土壤耕层保水作用，能明显提高农艺经济性状和经济效益。

吡虫啉及其复配剂不同施药方法对油菜蚜虫控制效果

2006-2009年,采用拌种和播种沟施药的方法,于河南郑州研究了新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉及吡虫啉.辛硫磷复配剂对油菜蚜虫的全程控制效果。小区试验结果表明,用吡虫啉有效成分5g/kg种子拌种仅能有效控制苗期油菜蚜虫的危害,防治效果为90.79%～100%,对中后期油菜蚜虫控制效果不明显;用吡虫啉600g/hm2及吡虫啉.辛硫磷复配剂1320g/hm2采用播种沟施药对油菜蚜虫的防治效果分别为91.82%～94.49%和90.68%～95.34%;试验示范验证防治效果在92%以上,持效期长达7个月以上,可以达到一次用药控制油菜整个生长期蚜虫为害的效果,减少了用药次数,此方法简单易行、保护环境、保护天敌,是一种简化高效的具有推广价值的油菜蚜虫可持续控制技术。

垄膜沟灌栽培对制种玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响

对制种玉米在垄膜沟灌和条膜覆盖两种栽培方式下的产量和水分利用效率进行了对比研究,结果表明:垄膜沟灌栽培具有较好的增产、节水、增温效应,与对照条膜栽培相比,5～25 cm土层地温提高0.92℃;在相同的灌溉定额下,制种玉米千粒重增加9.94～46.01 g,穗粒数增加6.10～46.78粒,增产1.63%～40.44%,水分利用效率提高4.17%～34.16%;垄膜沟灌栽培条件下制种玉米适宜灌溉定额为450 mm,与对照相比,节水1 500 m3.hm-2,与当地大田灌溉定额720 mm相比,节水2 700 m3.hm-2,节水效果显著。

隔沟交替灌溉对棉花耗水、产量和品质的调控效应

在甘肃省石羊河流域下游民勤县干旱荒漠绿洲区研究了覆膜条件下隔沟交替灌溉(AFI)和常规沟灌(CFI)对棉花耗水、产量和品质的调控效应。结果表明,现蕾期和花期,AFI处理的棉花日耗水强度小于CFI处理;铃期和吐絮期,AFI处理棉花日耗水强度大于相同灌水定额的CFI处理。相同灌水定额条件下,AFI处理有利于籽棉产量和霜前花产量的提高,灌水定额为375m3·hm-2和480m3·hm-2的AFI处理,籽棉产量和WUE显著高于相同灌水定额的CFI处理。相同灌水定额条件下,AFI和CFI处理的衣分无显著性差异。2005年AFI处理的平均纤维长度比CFI处理长2.6mm,灌水定额为225m3·hm-2处理两者差异显著;2006年不同灌水方式下的纤维长度无显著差异,可能与降雨情况有关。在干旱缺水地区覆膜隔沟交替灌溉是一种有效的节水灌溉模式,在棉花品质不降低的情况下,有利于产量和水分利用效率的提高。

垄膜沟种不同沟垄比对春玉米水分利用和产量的影响

为进一步提高半干旱区春玉米水分利用效率和产量,设计3种垄膜沟种不同沟垄比带型,分别为60cm∶60cm,60cm∶45cm和60cm∶30cm,以传统种植为对照,研究不同处理对土壤水分和玉米产量的影响。结果表明：在2008—2009年的两年试验中,垄膜沟种不同带型处理的平均土壤贮水量在玉米整个观测期基本上比对照不同程度有所增加。由于两年间降雨量不同且降雨分布不均,使2008—2009年度沟垄集雨种植玉米产量差异很大。但不同带型增产趋势基本一致,两年间不同带型垄膜沟种的产量比对照分别增加9.85%~14.52%和24.88%~27.20%,水分利用效率分别比对照增加12.57%~14.75%和7.42%~18.03%。通过回归分析得出在辽西半干旱地区玉米垄膜沟种比较适宜的沟垄比为60cm∶40.5cm,此条件下可使玉米理论产量达到最高。垄膜沟种技术是适合于半干旱地区能较好提高水分利用效率和产量的一种种植方式。

辽西地区坡耕地垄膜沟种对土壤侵蚀和作物产量的影响

【目的】为了充分有效地利用辽西地区有限的自然降雨,减少坡耕地水土流失,提高水土资源利用率,促进作物稳产高产,在辽西地区坡耕地进行了不同耕种模式研究。【方法】2012—2015年在辽宁省农业科学院阜新旱农试验区进行,试验采用径流小区定位观测的方法,研究天然降雨条件下坡耕地不同耕种模式对土壤侵蚀、土壤水分和作物产量的影响。径流小区长15 m,宽4 m。试验为双因素裂区设计,主区为坡度,设5°和10°两个坡度,副区为种植模式,分设传统种植(CK,等高土沟土垄)、等高垄膜沟秸秆种植(T1)、等高垄膜沟种(T2)3种处理,3次重复。垄膜沟种沟宽60 cm,垄宽40 cm,垄高10—12 cm。供试作物为谷子和玉米,轮作种植。【结果】垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种可有效减少和防止水土流失。4年间,5°坡对照总径流量为512.7m3·hm^(-2),总侵蚀量为4 561.3 kg·hm-2,T1处理和T2处理未发生土壤侵蚀;10°坡T1处理总径流量和总侵蚀量较10°坡对照分别减少81.71%和96.17%,T2处理较对照分别减少56.92%和95.15%,10°坡T1处理总径流量和总侵蚀量较T2处理分别减少57.54%和21.05%。垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种较对照减少侵蚀量的同时可明显减少侵蚀泥沙中的养分流失量。随着坡度的增大,径流量和侵蚀量都随之增加,同时垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种防蚀效果相对减弱。4年平均土壤水分,坡度间由5°坡到10°坡呈降低的趋势,但差异不显著;种植方式间垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种与对照差异极显著,较对照分别高出1.68和1.45个百分点。对谷子而言,无论丰水年(2012年)或干旱年(2014年),垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种较对照都表现出极显著的增墒效果;对玉米而言,平水年(2013年)垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种较对照未表现出显著的增墒效果,干旱年(2015年)增墒效果极显著。4年平均产量,坡度间由5°坡到10°坡呈降低的趋势,但差异不显著。种植方式间垄膜沟秸秆与对照及垄膜沟种差异极显著,分别增产25.59%和10.68%,同时垄膜沟种与对照产量差异极显著,比对照增产13.47%。其中2012年和2014年,谷子垄膜沟种较对照增产不显著,垄膜沟秸秆较对照增产显著,分别增产24.75%和74.58%;2013年和2015年,玉米垄膜沟秸秆和垄膜沟种较对照增产极显著,垄膜沟秸秆较对照分别增产11.29%和54.39%,垄膜沟种较对照分别增产5.05%和51.81%。干旱年份,垄膜沟秸秆(谷子,玉米)和垄膜沟种(玉米)增产效果尤为显著。【结论】通过连续4年的旱坡耕地垄膜沟种试验,明晰了该技术模式在辽西半干旱地区的防蚀、集雨、增墒、增产效果,有效减轻干旱缺水和水土流失对坡耕地作物生长所造成的不利影响,丰富了辽西半干旱地区旱作集水农业的理论基础。通过该项技术的推广应用,可有效提高该区水土资源利用率,保护坡耕地质量,提升坡耕地粮食综合生产能力,使作物高产,促进该区旱作农业健康、可持续发展。从防蚀、集水、增墒、增产等角度考虑,垄膜沟秸秆耕种模式比较适宜于辽西半干旱区坡耕地。