From angles of administrative law and private law, the article analyzes relations between environmental right for citizens and the right to use environmental resources owned by company and enterprise and points out th...From angles of administrative law and private law, the article analyzes relations between environmental right for citizens and the right to use environmental resources owned by company and enterprise and points out three principles to balancing two relations: A principle of equal protection, a principle that general interest is superior to special interest as well as taking an account for special interest, in specific circumstances, for example, in the circumstance that clashes between environmental and economic interests can not be avoided, policy makers can put an emphasis on more important social interest according after considering weight of each interest. Finally, the article reaches a conclusion that China should establish system of environmental right for citizens from legislative and administrative levels so that a harmonious society can be constructed with guarantee.展开更多
The leading direct cause of the loss of biodiversity is habitat alteration and disruption.If we are to address this cause directly,we need to find ways of changing the behavior of rural people.Experience has shown tha...The leading direct cause of the loss of biodiversity is habitat alteration and disruption.If we are to address this cause directly,we need to find ways of changing the behavior of rural people.Experience has shown that this is done most effectively through the use of economic instruments,ranging from taxes that discourage over-exploitation,to direct payments for conservation activities carried out by rural land-owners or those occupying the land.In many parts of the world,governments provide incentives such as tax breaks to private land-owners.Other countries recognize specific use rights on particular parts of the land,enabling the land-owners to earn appropriate benefits.Since many protected areas have resident human populations,it is especially important that they be encouraged to contribute to the objectives of the protected area,and economic incentives offer an important way of doing so;they might,for example,be given employment in the protected area or in associated tourism activities.Direct payments to farmers for conserving watersheds is becoming increasingly popular,in both developed and developing countries.Improved conservation will require both removing perverse subsidies and developing a wide range of approaches for rewarding land-owners for biodiversity conservation activities.展开更多
文摘From angles of administrative law and private law, the article analyzes relations between environmental right for citizens and the right to use environmental resources owned by company and enterprise and points out three principles to balancing two relations: A principle of equal protection, a principle that general interest is superior to special interest as well as taking an account for special interest, in specific circumstances, for example, in the circumstance that clashes between environmental and economic interests can not be avoided, policy makers can put an emphasis on more important social interest according after considering weight of each interest. Finally, the article reaches a conclusion that China should establish system of environmental right for citizens from legislative and administrative levels so that a harmonious society can be constructed with guarantee.
文摘The leading direct cause of the loss of biodiversity is habitat alteration and disruption.If we are to address this cause directly,we need to find ways of changing the behavior of rural people.Experience has shown that this is done most effectively through the use of economic instruments,ranging from taxes that discourage over-exploitation,to direct payments for conservation activities carried out by rural land-owners or those occupying the land.In many parts of the world,governments provide incentives such as tax breaks to private land-owners.Other countries recognize specific use rights on particular parts of the land,enabling the land-owners to earn appropriate benefits.Since many protected areas have resident human populations,it is especially important that they be encouraged to contribute to the objectives of the protected area,and economic incentives offer an important way of doing so;they might,for example,be given employment in the protected area or in associated tourism activities.Direct payments to farmers for conserving watersheds is becoming increasingly popular,in both developed and developing countries.Improved conservation will require both removing perverse subsidies and developing a wide range of approaches for rewarding land-owners for biodiversity conservation activities.
