This paper examines the rise in the level of the groundwater in the Quaternary aquifer at Aswan city, Upper Egypt. Since the 1960’s, the areal extent of Aswan City and the urban populations are growing at a high pace...This paper examines the rise in the level of the groundwater in the Quaternary aquifer at Aswan city, Upper Egypt. Since the 1960’s, the areal extent of Aswan City and the urban populations are growing at a high pace which introduces new sources of water that increase groundwater recharge. As a result of leakages or infiltrations from different sources, the natural groundwater balance is overturned into an unbalance where the input to water table is comparatively much more than the natural groundwater flow towards the Nile River. The present study shows a variation in the groundwater level, from 1971 up to 2014, where the water table rising ranges between 12.55 and 13.69 m. Also, it shows an abrupt increase in the water levels in 2010 continuing up till now. The groundwater rising phenomena that happened in 2010 can be directly refereed to the cessation of groundwater pumping from El-Shallal wells, and to the reduction of pumping from KIMA factory wells. Generally, the rate of water rising is much higher in the western side of the city and in Kima factory area, where they are characterized by low relief and dense population. The most troublesome groundwater mounds under urban areas are likely to develop in low-lying areas of relatively high permeability aquifer, which is not exploited for water supply. These damages will become more widespread if the rising groundwater table remains uncontrolled.?The environmental impact of the water rising includes: forming ponds in low lying areas (Kima and El Shallal ponds), flooding building’s basements, and inundating underground infrastructure.?A general deterioration in groundwater quality was identified.展开更多
Wenzhou is situated in the mid section of Chinese coast line. The Ou river dissects its northern and suburban areas. It is on the East Sea with the advantages of the western Pacific and the Chinese southeastern coast....Wenzhou is situated in the mid section of Chinese coast line. The Ou river dissects its northern and suburban areas. It is on the East Sea with the advantages of the western Pacific and the Chinese southeastern coast. It is the economic, cultural and traffic centre of the southern part of Zhejiang province, connecting the vast hinterland of Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan provinces.展开更多
China’s big spenders now far-flung by Yu Nan WIDELY recognized as one of the most beautiful cities in China,the coastal port of Dalian is a perfect example of a lowertier city becoming a growth hub for multinationals...China’s big spenders now far-flung by Yu Nan WIDELY recognized as one of the most beautiful cities in China,the coastal port of Dalian is a perfect example of a lowertier city becoming a growth hub for multinationals, owing to stronger purchasing power. That trend inspired Boston Consulting Group(BCG) to release a report,advising businessmen to look beyond the familiar mega-cities to the fast-growing smaller展开更多
Dense high-rise cities offer some advantages in terms of sustainability but have considerable downsides.Low-dense and medium-rise typologies have been shown to offer good social qualities;their potential energy and ca...Dense high-rise cities offer some advantages in terms of sustainability but have considerable downsides.Low-dense and medium-rise typologies have been shown to offer good social qualities;their potential energy and carbon advantages have received less attention.As the energy consumption,emissions of cities and heat island effects increase;we question whether dense,high-rise cities offer optimal sustainability.We discuss seven areas where medium density and lower rise typologies offer advantages in terms of energy and climate including:land use/density;microclimate/green space;energy supply;transports;operational energy/carbon;embodied energy/carbon;and resilience.The aim is to discuss the cumulative importance of these areas in the context of sustainable energy use and climate emissions.These areas are subject to ongoing research and are only discussed briefly,since the overarching synthesis perspective for urban planning is our focus.The picture that emerges when these points are seen together,suggests that medium density and lower rise options-like traditional European typologies-may offer,in addition to social qualities,very significant advantages in terms of energy,carbon and climate emissions.展开更多
Climate change and sea level rise necessitate adaptation strategies for coastal areas. This paper showcases five strategies for sea level rise adaptation: hard protection, soft protection, accommodation, retreat, and ...Climate change and sea level rise necessitate adaptation strategies for coastal areas. This paper showcases five strategies for sea level rise adaptation: hard protection, soft protection, accommodation, retreat, and attack. This study proposes adaptation measures and a phased development strategy for coastal areas of Mokpo, an old port city on the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula that has been expanded by land reclamation. Mokpo presently experiences frequent flooding during high-water and storm events;due to their low elevation and land subsidence, most of the reclaimed areas are susceptible to future inundation via sea level rise. The fundamental adaptation strategies for the impact areas are: hard protection of important infrastructures via multi-tiered terraces;the retreat of coastal developments accompanied by green buffer zones such as wetlands and parks to accommodate temporary inundation;and up-leveling the ground for new development and phased relocation of existing development. Through the case study of Mokpo, the paper emphasizes the importance of resilient planning strategies for urban development, and highlights both the challenges and opportunities for sea level rise adaptation.展开更多
文摘This paper examines the rise in the level of the groundwater in the Quaternary aquifer at Aswan city, Upper Egypt. Since the 1960’s, the areal extent of Aswan City and the urban populations are growing at a high pace which introduces new sources of water that increase groundwater recharge. As a result of leakages or infiltrations from different sources, the natural groundwater balance is overturned into an unbalance where the input to water table is comparatively much more than the natural groundwater flow towards the Nile River. The present study shows a variation in the groundwater level, from 1971 up to 2014, where the water table rising ranges between 12.55 and 13.69 m. Also, it shows an abrupt increase in the water levels in 2010 continuing up till now. The groundwater rising phenomena that happened in 2010 can be directly refereed to the cessation of groundwater pumping from El-Shallal wells, and to the reduction of pumping from KIMA factory wells. Generally, the rate of water rising is much higher in the western side of the city and in Kima factory area, where they are characterized by low relief and dense population. The most troublesome groundwater mounds under urban areas are likely to develop in low-lying areas of relatively high permeability aquifer, which is not exploited for water supply. These damages will become more widespread if the rising groundwater table remains uncontrolled.?The environmental impact of the water rising includes: forming ponds in low lying areas (Kima and El Shallal ponds), flooding building’s basements, and inundating underground infrastructure.?A general deterioration in groundwater quality was identified.
文摘Wenzhou is situated in the mid section of Chinese coast line. The Ou river dissects its northern and suburban areas. It is on the East Sea with the advantages of the western Pacific and the Chinese southeastern coast. It is the economic, cultural and traffic centre of the southern part of Zhejiang province, connecting the vast hinterland of Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan provinces.
文摘China’s big spenders now far-flung by Yu Nan WIDELY recognized as one of the most beautiful cities in China,the coastal port of Dalian is a perfect example of a lowertier city becoming a growth hub for multinationals, owing to stronger purchasing power. That trend inspired Boston Consulting Group(BCG) to release a report,advising businessmen to look beyond the familiar mega-cities to the fast-growing smaller
文摘Dense high-rise cities offer some advantages in terms of sustainability but have considerable downsides.Low-dense and medium-rise typologies have been shown to offer good social qualities;their potential energy and carbon advantages have received less attention.As the energy consumption,emissions of cities and heat island effects increase;we question whether dense,high-rise cities offer optimal sustainability.We discuss seven areas where medium density and lower rise typologies offer advantages in terms of energy and climate including:land use/density;microclimate/green space;energy supply;transports;operational energy/carbon;embodied energy/carbon;and resilience.The aim is to discuss the cumulative importance of these areas in the context of sustainable energy use and climate emissions.These areas are subject to ongoing research and are only discussed briefly,since the overarching synthesis perspective for urban planning is our focus.The picture that emerges when these points are seen together,suggests that medium density and lower rise options-like traditional European typologies-may offer,in addition to social qualities,very significant advantages in terms of energy,carbon and climate emissions.
文摘Climate change and sea level rise necessitate adaptation strategies for coastal areas. This paper showcases five strategies for sea level rise adaptation: hard protection, soft protection, accommodation, retreat, and attack. This study proposes adaptation measures and a phased development strategy for coastal areas of Mokpo, an old port city on the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula that has been expanded by land reclamation. Mokpo presently experiences frequent flooding during high-water and storm events;due to their low elevation and land subsidence, most of the reclaimed areas are susceptible to future inundation via sea level rise. The fundamental adaptation strategies for the impact areas are: hard protection of important infrastructures via multi-tiered terraces;the retreat of coastal developments accompanied by green buffer zones such as wetlands and parks to accommodate temporary inundation;and up-leveling the ground for new development and phased relocation of existing development. Through the case study of Mokpo, the paper emphasizes the importance of resilient planning strategies for urban development, and highlights both the challenges and opportunities for sea level rise adaptation.
