After the implementation of Energy Efficiency Law (EEL) in Turkey, Turkish engineering firms show considerable interest in energy savings projects. There is a growing sign of an energy effi- ciency implementation in T...After the implementation of Energy Efficiency Law (EEL) in Turkey, Turkish engineering firms show considerable interest in energy savings projects. There is a growing sign of an energy effi- ciency implementation in Turkey. However, energy importation costs of Turkey still present a challenge leading to huge financial burdens. This paper explores the energy financing in Turkey and the likelihood of risks after the establishment of structural reforms. The so-called structural problems on the agenda of Turkey are emphasized during the crisis. Actually, global crisis affected the lending conditions herein counterparty risk and restricted the relations of enterprises and banks. In this study, it is argued that there are strong barriers for the future energy saving industry in Turkey made up of macro-economic, micro-economic and financial risks coming through both domestic and global means.展开更多
In recent years,internet finance has garnered increasing attention from the public.Online lending,emerging within the framework of Internet finance as a pivotal component,has witnessed substantial growth.While online ...In recent years,internet finance has garnered increasing attention from the public.Online lending,emerging within the framework of Internet finance as a pivotal component,has witnessed substantial growth.While online credit,within the realm of Internet finance,presents numerous advantages over traditional lending,it concurrently exposes a plethora of credit risk issues.This study aims to facilitate the effective utilization of online credit tools by the young generation within the context of Internet finance.Additionally,it seeks to ensure the overall stability of the Internet finance environment and mitigate risks for the youth.Given the significance of understanding credit risk management for college students in the age of internet finance,this paper adopts the logistic model to evaluate credit risk in internet consumer finance and provides pertinent recommendations from the perspective of the young generation.展开更多
Credit risk is the core issue of supply chain finance. In the supply chain, problems happened in different enterprises can influent the whole to different degrees through transferring, thus statuses of all enterprises...Credit risk is the core issue of supply chain finance. In the supply chain, problems happened in different enterprises can influent the whole to different degrees through transferring, thus statuses of all enterprises and their different influences should be considered when evaluating the supply chain’s credit risk. We examine the characters of supply chain network and complex network, use the local growing complex network to simulate the real supply chain, use cluster analysis to classify the company into several levels;Introducing each level’s self-adaption weight formula according to the company’s quantity and degrees of this level and use the weight to improve the credit evaluation method. The research results indicate that complex network can be used to simulate the supply chain. The credit risk evaluation (CRE) of an enterprise level with bigger note degrees has a greater weight in the supply chain system’s CRE, thus has greater effect on the whole chain. Considering different influences of different enterprise levels can improve credit risk evaluation method’s sensitivity.展开更多
This study aims to identify risk management strategies undertaken by the commercial banks of Balochistan,Pakistan,to mitigate or eliminate credit risk.The findings of the study are significant as commercial banks will...This study aims to identify risk management strategies undertaken by the commercial banks of Balochistan,Pakistan,to mitigate or eliminate credit risk.The findings of the study are significant as commercial banks will understand the effectiveness of various risk management strategies and may apply them for minimizing credit risk.This explanatory study analyses the opinions of the employees of selected commercial banks about which strategies are useful for mitigating credit risk.Quantitative data was collected from 250 employees of commercial banks to perform multiple regression analyses,which were used for the analysis.The results identified four areas of impact on credit risk management(CRM):corporate governance exerts the greatest impact,followed by diversification,which plays a significant role,hedging and,finally,the bank’s Capital Adequacy Ratio.This study highlights these four risk management strategies,which are critical for commercial banks to resolve their credit risk.展开更多
In the last two decades,Internet technologies,such as cloud computing,mobile communications,social media,and big data analytics,have brought tremendous changes to our society and reshaped the business in various indus...In the last two decades,Internet technologies,such as cloud computing,mobile communications,social media,and big data analytics,have brought tremendous changes to our society and reshaped the business in various industries.Specifically,the mushrooming innovations in the financial area fertilized by information and communication technologies indicates the advent of the Internet finance era.Applying the exploratory research approach,we investigate major innovative Internet-based financial services and classify them into five categories,as of e-commerce,e-payment,e-money market,online loan services,and digital currencies.Then we propose a market structure of Internet finance extended from the traditional financial market.We claim that credit management is the key issue in the marketplace of Internet finance,characterized by big data analytics,in which cyber credit appears as whole-process,multi-dimensional,and holographic.We further suggest that cyber credit be represented in the form of vector to overcome the limits of traditional single-value measure in cyber credit management.Based on this framework,we raise main research issues in Internet finance from the perspectives of theory,technology,and governance.展开更多
In this paper,the concepts of probability of default,loss given default and expected loss in the internal ratings-based approach are introduced into the measurement of local government debt risk.Based on issuing inter...In this paper,the concepts of probability of default,loss given default and expected loss in the internal ratings-based approach are introduced into the measurement of local government debt risk.Based on issuing interest rate and credit spreads of provincial government bonds,the default probability models of general debt and special debt are constructed and estimated,and the general and special debt risk of 333 prefectural governments in China from 2014 to 2017 are estimated respectively,and their regional distribution and changes are analyzed.The conclusions are as follows:Both general and special debt risk are different among regions.In terms of vertical changes in 2014-2017,debt risk has increased on the whole,but this increase has been driven more by the increase in the size of the debt,with no significant change in the probability of default,and the debt risk is concentrated in a small number of prefectural governments.The general debt risk accounts for about two-thirds of the total debt risk,the special debt risk accounts for about one-third,and this proportion structure is basically unchanged in 2014-2017.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations for governance and control of local debt risk.展开更多
文摘After the implementation of Energy Efficiency Law (EEL) in Turkey, Turkish engineering firms show considerable interest in energy savings projects. There is a growing sign of an energy effi- ciency implementation in Turkey. However, energy importation costs of Turkey still present a challenge leading to huge financial burdens. This paper explores the energy financing in Turkey and the likelihood of risks after the establishment of structural reforms. The so-called structural problems on the agenda of Turkey are emphasized during the crisis. Actually, global crisis affected the lending conditions herein counterparty risk and restricted the relations of enterprises and banks. In this study, it is argued that there are strong barriers for the future energy saving industry in Turkey made up of macro-economic, micro-economic and financial risks coming through both domestic and global means.
文摘In recent years,internet finance has garnered increasing attention from the public.Online lending,emerging within the framework of Internet finance as a pivotal component,has witnessed substantial growth.While online credit,within the realm of Internet finance,presents numerous advantages over traditional lending,it concurrently exposes a plethora of credit risk issues.This study aims to facilitate the effective utilization of online credit tools by the young generation within the context of Internet finance.Additionally,it seeks to ensure the overall stability of the Internet finance environment and mitigate risks for the youth.Given the significance of understanding credit risk management for college students in the age of internet finance,this paper adopts the logistic model to evaluate credit risk in internet consumer finance and provides pertinent recommendations from the perspective of the young generation.
文摘Credit risk is the core issue of supply chain finance. In the supply chain, problems happened in different enterprises can influent the whole to different degrees through transferring, thus statuses of all enterprises and their different influences should be considered when evaluating the supply chain’s credit risk. We examine the characters of supply chain network and complex network, use the local growing complex network to simulate the real supply chain, use cluster analysis to classify the company into several levels;Introducing each level’s self-adaption weight formula according to the company’s quantity and degrees of this level and use the weight to improve the credit evaluation method. The research results indicate that complex network can be used to simulate the supply chain. The credit risk evaluation (CRE) of an enterprise level with bigger note degrees has a greater weight in the supply chain system’s CRE, thus has greater effect on the whole chain. Considering different influences of different enterprise levels can improve credit risk evaluation method’s sensitivity.
文摘This study aims to identify risk management strategies undertaken by the commercial banks of Balochistan,Pakistan,to mitigate or eliminate credit risk.The findings of the study are significant as commercial banks will understand the effectiveness of various risk management strategies and may apply them for minimizing credit risk.This explanatory study analyses the opinions of the employees of selected commercial banks about which strategies are useful for mitigating credit risk.Quantitative data was collected from 250 employees of commercial banks to perform multiple regression analyses,which were used for the analysis.The results identified four areas of impact on credit risk management(CRM):corporate governance exerts the greatest impact,followed by diversification,which plays a significant role,hedging and,finally,the bank’s Capital Adequacy Ratio.This study highlights these four risk management strategies,which are critical for commercial banks to resolve their credit risk.
文摘In the last two decades,Internet technologies,such as cloud computing,mobile communications,social media,and big data analytics,have brought tremendous changes to our society and reshaped the business in various industries.Specifically,the mushrooming innovations in the financial area fertilized by information and communication technologies indicates the advent of the Internet finance era.Applying the exploratory research approach,we investigate major innovative Internet-based financial services and classify them into five categories,as of e-commerce,e-payment,e-money market,online loan services,and digital currencies.Then we propose a market structure of Internet finance extended from the traditional financial market.We claim that credit management is the key issue in the marketplace of Internet finance,characterized by big data analytics,in which cyber credit appears as whole-process,multi-dimensional,and holographic.We further suggest that cyber credit be represented in the form of vector to overcome the limits of traditional single-value measure in cyber credit management.Based on this framework,we raise main research issues in Internet finance from the perspectives of theory,technology,and governance.
基金National Social Science Fund of China:“The Balance Coordination Mechanism of Local Government Debt Risk Prevention and Steady Growth under the Classified Limit Management”(17BJY169).
文摘In this paper,the concepts of probability of default,loss given default and expected loss in the internal ratings-based approach are introduced into the measurement of local government debt risk.Based on issuing interest rate and credit spreads of provincial government bonds,the default probability models of general debt and special debt are constructed and estimated,and the general and special debt risk of 333 prefectural governments in China from 2014 to 2017 are estimated respectively,and their regional distribution and changes are analyzed.The conclusions are as follows:Both general and special debt risk are different among regions.In terms of vertical changes in 2014-2017,debt risk has increased on the whole,but this increase has been driven more by the increase in the size of the debt,with no significant change in the probability of default,and the debt risk is concentrated in a small number of prefectural governments.The general debt risk accounts for about two-thirds of the total debt risk,the special debt risk accounts for about one-third,and this proportion structure is basically unchanged in 2014-2017.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations for governance and control of local debt risk.