Penile reconstruction

During the most recent years, a variety of new techniques of penile reconstruction have been described in the literature. This paper focuses on the most recent advances in male genital reconstruction after trauma, excision of benign and malignant disease, in gender reassignment surgery and aphallia with emphasis on surgical technique, cosmetic and functional outcome.

Conductivity reconstruction algorithms and numerical simulations for magneto–acousto–electrical tomography with piston transducer in scan mode

Conductivities tomography with the interactions of magnetic field, electrical field, and ultrasound field is presented in this paper. We utilize a beam of ultrasound in scanning mode instead of the traditional ultrasound field generated by point source. Many formulae for the reconstruction of conductivities are derived from the voltage signals detected by two electrodes arranged somewhere on tissue＇s surface. In a forward problem, the numerical solutions of ultrasound fields generated by the piston transducer are calculated using the angular spectrum method and its Green＇s function is designed approximately in far fields. In an inverse problems, the magneto-acousto-electrical voltage signals are proved to satisfy the wave equations if the voltage signals are extended to the whole region from the boundary locations of transducers. Thus the time-reversal method is applied to reconstructing the curl of the reciprocal current density. In addition, a least square iteration method of recovering conductivities from reciprocal current densities is discussed.

Asynchronous Secret Reconstruction and Its Application to the Threshold Cryptography

In Shamir’s(t,n) threshold of the secret sharing scheme, a secret is divided into n shares by a dealer and is shared among n shareholders in such a way that (a) the secret can be reconstructed when there are t or more than t shares;and (b) the secret cannot be obtained when there are fewer than t shares. In the secret reconstruction, participating users can be either legitimate shareholders or attackers. Shamir’s scheme only considers the situation when all participating users are legitimate shareholders. In this paper, we show that when there are more than t users participating and shares are released asynchronously in the secret reconstruction, an attacker can always release his share last. In such a way, after knowing t valid shares of legitimate shareholders, the attacker can obtain the secret and therefore, can successfully impersonate to be a legitimate shareholder without being detected. We propose a simple modification of Shamir’s scheme to fix this security problem. Threshold cryptography is a research of group-oriented applications based on the secret sharing scheme. We show that a similar security problem also exists in threshold cryptographic applications. We propose a modified scheme to fix this security problem as well.

Reconstruction of probabilistic S-N curves under fatigue life following lognormal distribution with given confidence

When the historic probabilistic S-N curves are given under special survival probability and confidence levels and there is no possible to re-test, fatigue reliability analysis at other levels can not be done except for the special levels. Therefore, the wide applied curves are expected. Monte Carlo reconstruction methods of the test data and the curves are investigated under fatigue life following lognormal distribution. To overcome the non-conservative assessment of existent man-made enlarging the sample size up to thousands, a simulation policy is employed to address the true production where the sample size is controlled less than 20 for material specimens, 10 for structural component specimens and the errors matching the statistical parameters are less than 5 percent. Availability and feasibility of the present methods have been indicated by the reconstruction practice of the test data and curves for 60Si2Mn high strength spring steel of railway industry.

On the Reconstruction of Teachers’Role of Business English Reading Classroom Teaching Based on Literature Circle

Business English reading teaching under the mode of“literature circles”focuses on cultivating students’autonomy in reading,group cooperation,and the exchange of ideas among group members.In this teaching mode,teachers are no longer the masters of the reading classroom,but the helpers,participants,and researchers in the process of students’reading.The reconstruction of teachers’role can promote the benign development of relationship not only between teachers and students,but also between students and students,inject new impetus and vitality into the classroom,and improve students’reading literacy.

Patient Satisfaction Index and Quality of Life Measurement with Breast-Q after Breast Reconstruction in a Plastic Surgery Center in Mexico

Introduction: Cancer is one of the most devastating pathologies to affect the breast. Mastectomy stigmas are associated with depression, body image dysmorphia, and decreasing quality of life. BREAST-Q is a PROM (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) that has proven useful in measuring satisfaction with breast reconstruction results from the patient’s point of view. Objectives: To measure the satisfaction index and improvement in quality of life after breast reconstruction for breast cancer sequelae in our hospital in the last 5 years. Materials and Methods: Descriptive Study that includes patients with Breast cancer diagnosis that underwent mastectomy and breast reconstruction (prosthesis or autologous tissue) in “Hospital Central Sur de Petroleos Mexicanos” (January 2015 to January 2020), whose satisfaction index was measured with BREAST-Q one year after reconstruction. Results: 153 patients were included in the analysis. Mean global satisfaction was 74 points. We observed a tendency towards higher psychosocial, sexual and appearance satisfaction in patients who underwent reconstruction with autologous tissue. The mean satisfaction with provided information was 64 points and with the medical team > 90 points. Conclusion: Breast reconstruction is associated to a high satisfaction index and quality of life improvement regardless of the technique. BREAST-Q proved to be useful in evaluating patient experience and it helped us identify areas of opportunity to improve our care.

Breast Reconstruction: Does It Worth to Start If the Patient Is Not Sure to Take All the Process Along?

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, representing a major public health problem. There is still little information comparing the satisfaction of the patients who finished their process against the ones who start it but did not finish it. The aim of our retrospective study was to analyze the results in terms of satisfaction after one year of undergoing to complete breast reconstruction (CBR) vs incomplete breast reconstruction (IBR). Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of patients that underwent breast reconstruction (BR) surgery after mastectomy for breast cancer treatment. Performed at Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad PEMEX in Mexico City, including patients from January 1, 2015 to January 01, 2020. Demographic baseline variables were included. BREAST-Q satisfaction questionnaires one year after the last reconstructive procedure were analyzed. Results: A total of 44 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these 44 patients, 11 were included in the IBR group, and 33 patients in the CBR group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age (IBR 56.09 vs CBR 53.06 years, p = 0.321);BMI (IBR 27.94 vs CBR 26.40, p = 0.253), time from mastectomy to first reconstructive procedure (IBR 22.8 vs CBR 31 months, p = 0.957), history of chemotherapy (IBR 27.3% vs CBR 33.3%, p = 0.709) and radiotherapy (IBR 54.5% vs CBR 42.4%, p = 0.484), additionally type of reconstruction, affected side or complication rate were not significantly different. Regarding postoperative satisfaction, only the second module of satisfaction with breasts displayed statistically significant differences, with a higher score in the CBR group (46.27 vs 52.27, p = 0.019). Other items explored didn’t show significant differences. Discussion: The data reported in this study suggest that regardless of whether the last stage of a BR is reached, the results in these settings can be very similar in terms of psychosocial well-being, sexual well-being, physical well-being regarding the chest area, with some degree of better perception of her breasts. Conclusion: This study suggests that the results in terms of satisfaction in BR after mastectomy for breast cancer are quite similar for patients who decide to take only the first reconstructive stage, compared with those that finished all the process along, this may be a valuable tool for decision making.

Historical Reconstruction - Reread Kenzaburo Oe＇ s Banengannen＇ s Soccer Team

The novel Banengannen’s Soccer Team published in 1967has been classified as historical"meta narration"of Kenzaburo Oe.In the novel,there are two main characters—Mitsusaburo and Takashi,both of whom represent two ways of exploring the historical truth.In the process of exploration of the two characters,Kenzaburo Oe symbolically analyzed the value presetting of the Japanese people—getting one’s own value through projecting the"Emperor",recreating a new chapter of history from personal experience.

CHINA'S RECONSTRUCTION: TODAY AND TOMORROW

An alternative concept or framework of reference is presented in this paper on the basis of Science of Human Settlements through the discussion of the relationship between the reconstruction and the development of the economy and society. Unprecedented conflicts and problems have emerged on an unprecedented scale in the urban and rural construction, which is moving forward at an unprecedented speed. In this context it appears significant to set up and develop a science which studies the "conservation and development" in the general terms of the human habitat.

Reconstructive surgery in Peyronie's disease: What's new?

Surgical treatment of Peyronie's disease(PD) is still a challenge and a gold standard approach does not exist; however the main goal is to straight penile shaft, and to restore penetrative and coital capacity. The less invasive approach aims to correct curvature without intervening directly on the fibrous plaque while the more complex "corporoplasty" applies specific geometric criteria and uses different autologous and heterologous grafts. Each approach has its pros and cons and decisionmaking should be tailored to the individual patient's expectations. Other surgical options include different use of patches to cover the tunica albuginea defect, with the choice depending on the surgeon's personal experience. Despite the wide range of autologous(buccal mucosa, vein, dermis, etc.) and heterologous grafts(bovine pericardium, swine intestinal submucosa, porcine dermis, etc.) none currently represents the real "gold standard" because the data are extremely variable and frequently not representative. Several factors seem to favor buccal mucosa grafts over inert biocompatible materials: as vital tissue, buccal mucosa tends to heal rapidly, immediately integrating with the surrounding albuginea tissue. This translates into a more rapid resumption of spontaneous erections(after 3/4 d) and sexual activity and into a reduced risk of curvature relapse and erectile dysfunction after surgery. Another advantage of the buccal mucosa graft is its low cost. In conclusion, despite the recent development of some exciting new surgical techniques we are still unable to deliver a definitive take-home message about reconstructive surgery in PD because the majority of the studies reported insufficient data. However, since it is clear that major outcomes, besides the cosmetic result, are the patient's and partner's satisfaction and the economic impact of each technique, we recommend they be included among the outcome assessment parameters in further

Dalai's Act lgnores Religious Rituals

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基于ADS-B与Mode-SEHS联合观测的民航空域风场重建方法

准确实时的风场数据对保障民航飞行安全有着重要作用,针对风场的精确重构问题,提出了一种基于飞行器监测数据的风场重建方法。旨在利用广播式自动相关监视和S模式增强型监视联合观测数据计算空域内的风观测值,并结合机器学习中的高斯过程回归模型,利用时间和空间上离散的风观测值进行模型训练,完整重建目标空域风场。实验结果表明,重建的风场风速的平均绝对误差为2.72m/s,相对误差为8.21%,风向的平均绝对误差为3.66°,证明了方法能够快速地完成准确实时的风场重建。

基于T-S模糊模型的观测器和动态输出反馈容错控制器设计

针对具有执行器故障和传感器故障的非线性系统,提出了一种基于T-S模型的观测器设计和动态输出反馈控制器设计方法。首先,将非线性系统转化为T-S模型,以此模型作为设计模型,利用扩展传感器故障为辅助状态向量的方式,将系统扩展为增维的T-S描述系统;然后,针对增维的T-S描述系统,设计模糊自适应观测器以达到对非线性系统的状态、执行器和传感器故障同时估计的目的;最后,基于观测器对传感器和执行器故障的估计,设计了一种动态输出反馈容错控制器以达到容错控制的目的,其中以线性矩阵不等式的方式给出了观测器和容错控制器存在的充分性条件。通过实例仿真验证了该文设计方法的有效性。

S变换数值计算方法比较的实验研究

为了对S变换的不同实现方法进行比较,在MatLab环境下采用数值计算实验的方法,展现了数值实现S变换的不同方法中存在的误差及滤波效果的区别,为S变换这一工具的合理应用提供了有益的参考.研究表明,频率S变换(fST)与频率反S变换(fIST)结合,时间S变换(tST)与时间反S变换(tIST)结合,是2种可在实际中使用的方法,它们各有优势与不足.

用毗邻肌、筋膜瓣预防Frey′s综合征

目的 探讨在腮腺切除手术的同时 ,用残余的腮腺咬肌筋膜和胸锁乳突肌瓣修复与重建腮腺咬肌筋膜屏障 ,是否能够有效预防味觉出汗综合征的发生。方法 通过对 2 1例在腮腺切除术中保留、重建腮腺咬肌筋膜的患者进行术后随访 ,并采用咀嚼维生素C片诱导及碘———淀粉试验检测 ,观察术后味觉出汗综合征的发病率。结果 在调查的 2 1例患者中 ,仅有 2例病人发现有潮红和出汗现象 ,较传统腮腺切除术的发病率明显降低。结论 切除腮腺时 ,用毗邻肌筋膜瓣预防Frey′s综合征不仅有显著效果 ,而且还能纠正面侧部的凹陷畸形。

近49年中国北方典型强沙尘暴事件的分形特征与R/S分析

通过对195 4～2 0 0 2年我国北方的典型强沙尘暴事件的分形研究发现:该时间序列具有明显的分形特征,其饱和关联维数为3 .3 4,说明要恰当描述其变化特征,进行动力系统建模,至少需要4个状态变量;该时间序列的Kolmogorov熵近似为0 .114 2 ,说明该混沌动力系统的平均可预测时间尺度为8～9a。R S分析表明,Hurst指数能够较好的表征我国北方典型强沙尘暴事件的发生规律,可以借此推断未来相应时间段中国北方强沙尘暴事件的变化趋势。

基于样本信息重构的小子样P-S-N曲线拟合方法

为了在小子样条件下拟合出精度较高的P-S-N曲线,本文提出基于样本信息重构并符合疲劳寿命等效原理的极大似然法和基于样本信息重构的最小二乘法。样本信息重构有效解决了在部分相邻的应力水平下样本的对数寿命标准差与对数应力水平不呈线性关系的问题,同时该方法考虑了各应力水平下样本数量效应对整体样本分布的影响,有效降低了部分应力水平下小样本与异常样本对疲劳寿命均值与标准差的影响,保证疲劳寿命的等效精度。最后通过应用疲劳试验数据对本文提出的2种方法与传统的极大似然法和最小二乘法进行对比分析,结果表明基于样本信息重构并符合疲劳寿命等效原理的极大似然法拟合的P-S-N曲线精度高且偏于安全。

选择分块SVM电容层析成像改进方法

针对SVM在处理具有样本集规模大的ECT系统数据时,存在ECT图像重建的成像精度不高和速度慢的问题,采用了选择分块支持向量机CSSVM算法。将ECT系统样本数据构成列数固定的样本矩阵,每个样本作为样本矩阵的行,66个电容值和66个敏感度值作为矩阵的列。该算法将大样本矩阵按照某一成像单元进行选择性分块,并形成多个小样本矩阵,再分别采用SVM算法进行训练和预测,将各个成像单元组合成像。数值实验证明,使用CSSVM新算法比单独使用SVM算法重建图像具有更高的分类准确率和更短的成像时间。

三吻合器法在全胃切除“双S”消化道重建中的应用

目的:总结吻合器在全胃切除,"双S"代胃术中的临床应用。方法:对48例胃癌患者行全胃切除"双S"消化道重建术,其中12例使用三吻合器。20例使用双吻合器,12例使用单吻合器,4例全部采用手工吻合。结果:使用吻合器者手术时间短,无吻合瘘及吻合口出血等并发症发生。手工吻合有1例发生食管空肠吻合口瘘。结论:使用吻合器行"双S"空肠代胃术能明显缩短手术时间,保证吻合质量,有利于患者的康复。缺点是费用昂贵。