As a worldwide authoritative, IPCC forecasted in 1990 that the world- s sea level would most probably rise by 0. 66 m by the end of the 21 st century. Combined with the local depression caused by the sink of the earth...As a worldwide authoritative, IPCC forecasted in 1990 that the world- s sea level would most probably rise by 0. 66 m by the end of the 21 st century. Combined with the local depression caused by the sink of the earth’s crust and the human activity, the relative sea level in the Chanaiiang River mouth will rise by about 1. 0 m during the same peried. Based on this figure, the article forecasted the impacts of sea-level rise on the safety coefficient of coastal structures and civil facilities, loss of wetlands, flood hazard as well as water intrusion. The results show that: 1 ) 40% as large as the present engil1eering mass should be added to the coastal structures in order to maintain the safety coefficient; 2 ) a dynamic loss of 60 km2 of wetlands, as much as 15% of the present total area, would be caused; 3) to hinder the increase inflood hazard dy11amic capacity to drain water must increase by at least 34 times as large as the present; 4) to maintain the present navigation conditions, about 100 million yuan (RMB) is needed to reconstruct over 30(X) bridges and 30 sluices;and 5 ) the disastrous salt water intrusion caused by the sea-level rise could be encountered by the increase in water discharge from the Three Gorge Reservoir in the dry season.展开更多
本文基于1999—2021年Landsat系列卫星遥感影像数据,以黄河口湿地植被作为研究对象,对比了清8叶瓣和废弃清水沟叶瓣的植被时空变化特征,结果表明:湿地植被发育过程中呈现了显著阶段性和空间差异性变化,整个研究区域的植被覆盖面积经历...本文基于1999—2021年Landsat系列卫星遥感影像数据,以黄河口湿地植被作为研究对象,对比了清8叶瓣和废弃清水沟叶瓣的植被时空变化特征,结果表明:湿地植被发育过程中呈现了显著阶段性和空间差异性变化,整个研究区域的植被覆盖面积经历了先波动变化后快速上升的趋势,其中显著变化区域主要集中在现行河口区,而废弃河口的变化相对稳定,在空间分布上,植被主要从河道两侧扩散到现行河口潮间带区域。2012—2021年现行河口区的植被类型中互花米草的面积显著增加,其面积增加了7倍以上,碱蓬的面积变化经历了先稳定后减小的过程,在2021年其面积仅为12.2 km 2,芦苇和柽柳经历了缓慢增加和波动性减小,其总体面积略有增加,光滩的面积及其所占比例均呈现出先减小后增加的特征。黄河改道与河口摆动和调水调沙工程加快了造陆速率,给植被带来栖息空间和生长条件,而互花米草的入侵和快速扩散虽然增加了植被覆盖面积,但也改变了本地的生态系统,极大地限制了碱蓬的生长和扩散,影响了河口湿地的健康发展。展开更多
文摘As a worldwide authoritative, IPCC forecasted in 1990 that the world- s sea level would most probably rise by 0. 66 m by the end of the 21 st century. Combined with the local depression caused by the sink of the earth’s crust and the human activity, the relative sea level in the Chanaiiang River mouth will rise by about 1. 0 m during the same peried. Based on this figure, the article forecasted the impacts of sea-level rise on the safety coefficient of coastal structures and civil facilities, loss of wetlands, flood hazard as well as water intrusion. The results show that: 1 ) 40% as large as the present engil1eering mass should be added to the coastal structures in order to maintain the safety coefficient; 2 ) a dynamic loss of 60 km2 of wetlands, as much as 15% of the present total area, would be caused; 3) to hinder the increase inflood hazard dy11amic capacity to drain water must increase by at least 34 times as large as the present; 4) to maintain the present navigation conditions, about 100 million yuan (RMB) is needed to reconstruct over 30(X) bridges and 30 sluices;and 5 ) the disastrous salt water intrusion caused by the sea-level rise could be encountered by the increase in water discharge from the Three Gorge Reservoir in the dry season.
文摘本文基于1999—2021年Landsat系列卫星遥感影像数据,以黄河口湿地植被作为研究对象,对比了清8叶瓣和废弃清水沟叶瓣的植被时空变化特征,结果表明:湿地植被发育过程中呈现了显著阶段性和空间差异性变化,整个研究区域的植被覆盖面积经历了先波动变化后快速上升的趋势,其中显著变化区域主要集中在现行河口区,而废弃河口的变化相对稳定,在空间分布上,植被主要从河道两侧扩散到现行河口潮间带区域。2012—2021年现行河口区的植被类型中互花米草的面积显著增加,其面积增加了7倍以上,碱蓬的面积变化经历了先稳定后减小的过程,在2021年其面积仅为12.2 km 2,芦苇和柽柳经历了缓慢增加和波动性减小,其总体面积略有增加,光滩的面积及其所占比例均呈现出先减小后增加的特征。黄河改道与河口摆动和调水调沙工程加快了造陆速率,给植被带来栖息空间和生长条件,而互花米草的入侵和快速扩散虽然增加了植被覆盖面积,但也改变了本地的生态系统,极大地限制了碱蓬的生长和扩散,影响了河口湿地的健康发展。
