The Yangtze River Delta or Yangtze Delta.also called Chang Jiang Delta,or the Golden Triangle of the Yangtze,genelallv comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Wu-speaking Shanghai,southern Jiangsu province and no...The Yangtze River Delta or Yangtze Delta.also called Chang Jiang Delta,or the Golden Triangle of the Yangtze,genelallv comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Wu-speaking Shanghai,southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province of China.The area lies at the heart of the region traditionally called Jiangnan.The Yangtze River drains into the East China Sea.展开更多
One of the most vulnerable parts to natural hazards in Serbia is Kolubara river basin. In the past, during the period from 1929 to 2013, 121 torrential flood events in the Kolubara river basin were recorded which show...One of the most vulnerable parts to natural hazards in Serbia is Kolubara river basin. In the past, during the period from 1929 to 2013, 121 torrential flood events in the Kolubara river basin were recorded which show that this territory is extremely vulnerable to the torrential floods. The extreme event which occurred in May 2014 causing the catastrophic material damages and casualties was the latest and historical flood. The analysis of natural conditions in the Kolubara basin uniformly showed that this area is predisposed to a greater number of torrential floods due to its geomorphological, hydrological and land use properties. Torrential floods are closely related to the intensity and spatial distribution of erosive processes in the upper part of the Kolubara basin. The estimation of soil erosion potential is generally achieved by Erosion Potential Model(EPM). For the purposes of determining the degree of torrential properties in various water streams in the Kolubara basin, the calculation ofsusceptibility to torrential floods was assessed by Flash Flood Potential Index(FFPI). More than half of the basin area(57.2%) is located within the category of very weak and weak erosion(Z_(sr) = 0.35), but the category of medium erosion is geospatially very common. Such a distribution of medium erosion category provides conditions for generating, i.e. production of sediment which would boost torrential properties of water streams. After the classification of the obtained FFPI values it was determined that 25% of the Kolubara basin is very susceptible to torrents and this data should be seriously taken into consideration. Based on the analyses, the best and most successful manner of defence is prevention which consists of the integrated river basin management system(integrated torrent control system) so that technical works in hydrographic networks of torrents and biological and biotechnical works on the slope of the basin would be the best solution. Permanent control of erosive and torrential processes in the river basin will be not only important for flood control but it can also protect the existing and future water reservoirs and retentions fromsiltation with erosion sediment which is of great significance to the water management, agriculture, energy sector, and the entire society.展开更多
River cutoff works have been implemented on Lower Jingjiang section for 30 years. Engineering practices have shown that channel straightening has been the river regulation measure for the permanent control of the mean...River cutoff works have been implemented on Lower Jingjiang section for 30 years. Engineering practices have shown that channel straightening has been the river regulation measure for the permanent control of the meandering Lower Jingjiang section. River cutoff have been carried out in accordance with the evolution property of meandering rivers and these works have brought about expected benefits. It has also been noted that certain aspects in river cutoff had not been fully understood. River cutoff is a dynamic engineering. River channel evolution properties shall be fully understood so as to adroitly guide actions according to circumstances in cutoff works. In addition, river channel evolution observation and engineering effectiveness monitoring should be strengthened with a view to update the designs. The diversion canals for channel shortening are of great importance that will account for the success or failure of river cutoff works. The newly formed river channels and the river regime control works on the adjacent upper and lower reaches are guarantees for river cutoff works to be brought into play in the long run.展开更多
文摘The Yangtze River Delta or Yangtze Delta.also called Chang Jiang Delta,or the Golden Triangle of the Yangtze,genelallv comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Wu-speaking Shanghai,southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province of China.The area lies at the heart of the region traditionally called Jiangnan.The Yangtze River drains into the East China Sea.
基金part of the project "The Research on Climate Change Influences on Environment: Influence Monitoring, Adaptation and Mitigation" (43007), subproject No. 9: "Torrential Floods Frequency, Soil and Water Degradation as the Consequence of Global Changes"financed by Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia as part of the Integrated and Interdisciplinary Researches programme for the period from 2011 to 2017
文摘One of the most vulnerable parts to natural hazards in Serbia is Kolubara river basin. In the past, during the period from 1929 to 2013, 121 torrential flood events in the Kolubara river basin were recorded which show that this territory is extremely vulnerable to the torrential floods. The extreme event which occurred in May 2014 causing the catastrophic material damages and casualties was the latest and historical flood. The analysis of natural conditions in the Kolubara basin uniformly showed that this area is predisposed to a greater number of torrential floods due to its geomorphological, hydrological and land use properties. Torrential floods are closely related to the intensity and spatial distribution of erosive processes in the upper part of the Kolubara basin. The estimation of soil erosion potential is generally achieved by Erosion Potential Model(EPM). For the purposes of determining the degree of torrential properties in various water streams in the Kolubara basin, the calculation ofsusceptibility to torrential floods was assessed by Flash Flood Potential Index(FFPI). More than half of the basin area(57.2%) is located within the category of very weak and weak erosion(Z_(sr) = 0.35), but the category of medium erosion is geospatially very common. Such a distribution of medium erosion category provides conditions for generating, i.e. production of sediment which would boost torrential properties of water streams. After the classification of the obtained FFPI values it was determined that 25% of the Kolubara basin is very susceptible to torrents and this data should be seriously taken into consideration. Based on the analyses, the best and most successful manner of defence is prevention which consists of the integrated river basin management system(integrated torrent control system) so that technical works in hydrographic networks of torrents and biological and biotechnical works on the slope of the basin would be the best solution. Permanent control of erosive and torrential processes in the river basin will be not only important for flood control but it can also protect the existing and future water reservoirs and retentions fromsiltation with erosion sediment which is of great significance to the water management, agriculture, energy sector, and the entire society.
文摘River cutoff works have been implemented on Lower Jingjiang section for 30 years. Engineering practices have shown that channel straightening has been the river regulation measure for the permanent control of the meandering Lower Jingjiang section. River cutoff have been carried out in accordance with the evolution property of meandering rivers and these works have brought about expected benefits. It has also been noted that certain aspects in river cutoff had not been fully understood. River cutoff is a dynamic engineering. River channel evolution properties shall be fully understood so as to adroitly guide actions according to circumstances in cutoff works. In addition, river channel evolution observation and engineering effectiveness monitoring should be strengthened with a view to update the designs. The diversion canals for channel shortening are of great importance that will account for the success or failure of river cutoff works. The newly formed river channels and the river regime control works on the adjacent upper and lower reaches are guarantees for river cutoff works to be brought into play in the long run.
