Assume that the Tonglu Canal would be widened and deepened in which a water lock is constructed atthe river side, and made open to the sea side. The canal's planned control dimensions are determined, and the erosi...Assume that the Tonglu Canal would be widened and deepened in which a water lock is constructed atthe river side, and made open to the sea side. The canal's planned control dimensions are determined, and the erosionand siltation characteristics along the river (totally 81. 8 km) are analyzed by the numerical calculation of one-dimen-sional unsteady flow and the relative standards. According to the data of the evolution, hydrology and sediment inthe Xiaomiaohong Waterway, it is found reasonable to select the channel near the Xingang Gate as the second sea-entering approach. This paper is helpful in planning and designing the approach.展开更多
The initial state of the Oued Beht watershed (430,728 ha) is characterized by a socio-ecological vulnerability associated to the water erosion risk. Especially, the consequences are chained and the soil loss alters it...The initial state of the Oued Beht watershed (430,728 ha) is characterized by a socio-ecological vulnerability associated to the water erosion risk. Especially, the consequences are chained and the soil loss alters its hydrological behavior and its ability to protect functional and structural challenges (good land, El Kansra dam, agricultural activities). In this perspective, this study suggests a methodology, reproducible and generalizable, to assess the natural water erosion risk (R). The approach used is based on spatial processing technology of information to develop a spatial database and geographic information system (GIS) concerning biophysical and?topoclimatic parameters in the Oued Beht watershed. Thus, the risk analysis is obtained by combining thematic maps of Susceptibility (S) and potential Consequences (C). Although, the spatial analysis of maps obtained reveals the extent of susceptibility involving land degradation, with the potential risks, which generated a decrease in the storage capacity of El Kansra dam (?3.03 Mm3/year). The results show that erosion is active on more than three quarters (3/4) of the watershed, and a considerable loss of land with 8.36 Million tonnes per year. In this way, flood analysis and study of?hydrometeorological events identified the vulnerability of flood sites (hot-spot) contributing at 77%?of El Kansra siltation dam. Therefore, the consequence assessment is obtained by identifying risk elements and estimating potential damage coefficient, which represents the financial gap flow affecting the socio-economic context due to the erosion impacts.展开更多
Meghadrigedda, a non-perennial drainage system is one of the major water resources of Vishakhapatnam city located in the northern coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India. It traverses through the hilly terrain of East...Meghadrigedda, a non-perennial drainage system is one of the major water resources of Vishakhapatnam city located in the northern coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India. It traverses through the hilly terrain of Eastern GhatMobile Belt (EGMB) characterized by khondalitic rock formations. Excessive siltation scenario aggravated due to soil erosion in its catchment is threatening the very existence of Meghadrigedda reservoir. In order to assess the intensity of soil erosion as well as silt deposition in the reservoir, an integrated study has been undertaken which takes into consideration various topographic, morphological, soil, and land use/land cover characteristics of the basin. The study aims at identification and mapping of erosion prone zones with respect to silt deposition using remote sensing and GIS techniques.Alteration in human induced land use practices in its catchment due to rapid growth in population, urbanization and industrialization are found to be of prime reasons for various forms of erosion. The study has noticed that various forms of erosion like sheet, gully and stream erosion are responsible for the siltation at large scale which is causing reduction of its designed storage capacity by 40%. Various sub-watersheds of the basin have been prioritized on the basis of erosion intensity for suggesting various mitigation measures like check-dam construction, afforestation etc. to protect the reservoir from the silting problem.展开更多
黄河下游滩岸变形时常发生,对河床稳定、防洪安全、滩区耕地保护等方面产生诸多不利影响,因此有必要在河道水沙数学模型中考虑滩岸变形计算。以1维水沙输移及床面冲淤计算模型为基础,结合滩岸崩退与淤长计算模块,建立了能同时模拟河床...黄河下游滩岸变形时常发生,对河床稳定、防洪安全、滩区耕地保护等方面产生诸多不利影响,因此有必要在河道水沙数学模型中考虑滩岸变形计算。以1维水沙输移及床面冲淤计算模型为基础,结合滩岸崩退与淤长计算模块,建立了能同时模拟河床纵向冲淤与滩岸横向变形的耦合模型。采用该模型计算了黄河全下游(755 km长河道)的河床纵向与横向变形过程,选取2018年及2020年作为率定及验证年份对该模型进行测试。计算结果表明:该模型可以很好地模拟黄河下游滩岸崩退及淤长过程,黄河下游游荡段、过渡段、弯曲段河段平滩宽度的计算误差在2018年分别为4、5、1 m, 2020年分别为12、14、4 m;选取典型断面进行分析,发现该模型可以精细地模拟黄河下游不同河型河段的断面形态变化过程、滩岸崩退及淤长宽度的变化过程,以及大致准确地模拟河床冲淤厚度变化过程。黄河下游3个河段滩岸变形程度差异较大,游荡段滩岸变形幅度远大于过渡段与弯曲段,过渡段与弯曲段变形幅度相差不大;3个河段滩岸崩退幅度均大于淤长幅度,体现出下游河床呈现展宽的趋势;黄河下游滩岸崩退与淤长会对河床冲淤产生重要影响,其中游荡段滩岸变形对于河床冲淤影响较大,而过渡段及弯曲段的河床变形主要表现为水沙不平衡输移引起的床面冲淤。展开更多
文摘Assume that the Tonglu Canal would be widened and deepened in which a water lock is constructed atthe river side, and made open to the sea side. The canal's planned control dimensions are determined, and the erosionand siltation characteristics along the river (totally 81. 8 km) are analyzed by the numerical calculation of one-dimen-sional unsteady flow and the relative standards. According to the data of the evolution, hydrology and sediment inthe Xiaomiaohong Waterway, it is found reasonable to select the channel near the Xingang Gate as the second sea-entering approach. This paper is helpful in planning and designing the approach.
文摘The initial state of the Oued Beht watershed (430,728 ha) is characterized by a socio-ecological vulnerability associated to the water erosion risk. Especially, the consequences are chained and the soil loss alters its hydrological behavior and its ability to protect functional and structural challenges (good land, El Kansra dam, agricultural activities). In this perspective, this study suggests a methodology, reproducible and generalizable, to assess the natural water erosion risk (R). The approach used is based on spatial processing technology of information to develop a spatial database and geographic information system (GIS) concerning biophysical and?topoclimatic parameters in the Oued Beht watershed. Thus, the risk analysis is obtained by combining thematic maps of Susceptibility (S) and potential Consequences (C). Although, the spatial analysis of maps obtained reveals the extent of susceptibility involving land degradation, with the potential risks, which generated a decrease in the storage capacity of El Kansra dam (?3.03 Mm3/year). The results show that erosion is active on more than three quarters (3/4) of the watershed, and a considerable loss of land with 8.36 Million tonnes per year. In this way, flood analysis and study of?hydrometeorological events identified the vulnerability of flood sites (hot-spot) contributing at 77%?of El Kansra siltation dam. Therefore, the consequence assessment is obtained by identifying risk elements and estimating potential damage coefficient, which represents the financial gap flow affecting the socio-economic context due to the erosion impacts.
文摘Meghadrigedda, a non-perennial drainage system is one of the major water resources of Vishakhapatnam city located in the northern coastal region of Andhra Pradesh, India. It traverses through the hilly terrain of Eastern GhatMobile Belt (EGMB) characterized by khondalitic rock formations. Excessive siltation scenario aggravated due to soil erosion in its catchment is threatening the very existence of Meghadrigedda reservoir. In order to assess the intensity of soil erosion as well as silt deposition in the reservoir, an integrated study has been undertaken which takes into consideration various topographic, morphological, soil, and land use/land cover characteristics of the basin. The study aims at identification and mapping of erosion prone zones with respect to silt deposition using remote sensing and GIS techniques.Alteration in human induced land use practices in its catchment due to rapid growth in population, urbanization and industrialization are found to be of prime reasons for various forms of erosion. The study has noticed that various forms of erosion like sheet, gully and stream erosion are responsible for the siltation at large scale which is causing reduction of its designed storage capacity by 40%. Various sub-watersheds of the basin have been prioritized on the basis of erosion intensity for suggesting various mitigation measures like check-dam construction, afforestation etc. to protect the reservoir from the silting problem.
文摘黄河下游滩岸变形时常发生,对河床稳定、防洪安全、滩区耕地保护等方面产生诸多不利影响,因此有必要在河道水沙数学模型中考虑滩岸变形计算。以1维水沙输移及床面冲淤计算模型为基础,结合滩岸崩退与淤长计算模块,建立了能同时模拟河床纵向冲淤与滩岸横向变形的耦合模型。采用该模型计算了黄河全下游(755 km长河道)的河床纵向与横向变形过程,选取2018年及2020年作为率定及验证年份对该模型进行测试。计算结果表明:该模型可以很好地模拟黄河下游滩岸崩退及淤长过程,黄河下游游荡段、过渡段、弯曲段河段平滩宽度的计算误差在2018年分别为4、5、1 m, 2020年分别为12、14、4 m;选取典型断面进行分析,发现该模型可以精细地模拟黄河下游不同河型河段的断面形态变化过程、滩岸崩退及淤长宽度的变化过程,以及大致准确地模拟河床冲淤厚度变化过程。黄河下游3个河段滩岸变形程度差异较大,游荡段滩岸变形幅度远大于过渡段与弯曲段,过渡段与弯曲段变形幅度相差不大;3个河段滩岸崩退幅度均大于淤长幅度,体现出下游河床呈现展宽的趋势;黄河下游滩岸崩退与淤长会对河床冲淤产生重要影响,其中游荡段滩岸变形对于河床冲淤影响较大,而过渡段及弯曲段的河床变形主要表现为水沙不平衡输移引起的床面冲淤。
