A growing number of international studies have highlighted that ambient air pollution exposures are related to different health outcomes. To do so, researchers need to estimate exposure levels to air pollution through...A growing number of international studies have highlighted that ambient air pollution exposures are related to different health outcomes. To do so, researchers need to estimate exposure levels to air pollution throughout everyday life. In the literature, the most commonly used estimate is based on home address only or taking into account, in addition, the work address. However, several studies have shown the importance of daily mobility in the estimate of exposure to air pollutants. In this context, we developed an R procedure that estimates individual exposures combining home addresses, several important places, and itineraries of the principal mobility during a week. It supplies researchers a useful tool to calculate individual daily exposition to air pollutants weighting by the time spent at each of the most frequented locations (work, shopping, residential address, etc.) and while commuting. This task requires the efficient calculation of travel time matrices or the examination of multimodal transport routes. This procedure is freely available from the Equit’Area project website: (https://www.equitarea.org). This procedure is structured in three parts: the first part is to create a network, the second allows to estimate main itineraries of the daily mobility and the last one tries to reconstitute the level of air pollution exposure. One main advantage of the tool is that the procedure can be used with different spatial scales and for any air pollutant.展开更多
可视化方法可有效分析处理勘查设计的数据结果。传统公路勘查工作使用纸质化方式填写,存在多种问题,如测量精度不准确、时间长,导致勘查设计工作受到了影响。新信息技术的智能化发展改变了公路交通勘查方式,合理使用地理信息系统(Geogra...可视化方法可有效分析处理勘查设计的数据结果。传统公路勘查工作使用纸质化方式填写,存在多种问题,如测量精度不准确、时间长,导致勘查设计工作受到了影响。新信息技术的智能化发展改变了公路交通勘查方式,合理使用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)与全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)智能化技术,可以快速获取地形原始数据勘查相关数据,健全道路勘查设计内容,实现智能化手段对公路设计过程的支持以及对路网构建与应用。展开更多
In this paper, we discuss some fundamental properties of two idealized typical networks, namely, grid type and radial-circular type. The discussion is based on SPCP （Shortest Path Counting Problem）, which reflects t...In this paper, we discuss some fundamental properties of two idealized typical networks, namely, grid type and radial-circular type. The discussion is based on SPCP （Shortest Path Counting Problem）, which reflects the traffic density of a road segment. Furthermore, we compare their effectiveness based on the obtained results of the above two road networks, and suggest some proposals on the design of car lanes by considering the direction of a road segment in relation to these road networks.展开更多
文摘A growing number of international studies have highlighted that ambient air pollution exposures are related to different health outcomes. To do so, researchers need to estimate exposure levels to air pollution throughout everyday life. In the literature, the most commonly used estimate is based on home address only or taking into account, in addition, the work address. However, several studies have shown the importance of daily mobility in the estimate of exposure to air pollutants. In this context, we developed an R procedure that estimates individual exposures combining home addresses, several important places, and itineraries of the principal mobility during a week. It supplies researchers a useful tool to calculate individual daily exposition to air pollutants weighting by the time spent at each of the most frequented locations (work, shopping, residential address, etc.) and while commuting. This task requires the efficient calculation of travel time matrices or the examination of multimodal transport routes. This procedure is freely available from the Equit’Area project website: (https://www.equitarea.org). This procedure is structured in three parts: the first part is to create a network, the second allows to estimate main itineraries of the daily mobility and the last one tries to reconstitute the level of air pollution exposure. One main advantage of the tool is that the procedure can be used with different spatial scales and for any air pollutant.
文摘可视化方法可有效分析处理勘查设计的数据结果。传统公路勘查工作使用纸质化方式填写,存在多种问题,如测量精度不准确、时间长,导致勘查设计工作受到了影响。新信息技术的智能化发展改变了公路交通勘查方式,合理使用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)与全球定位系统(Global Positioning System,GPS)智能化技术,可以快速获取地形原始数据勘查相关数据,健全道路勘查设计内容,实现智能化手段对公路设计过程的支持以及对路网构建与应用。
文摘In this paper, we discuss some fundamental properties of two idealized typical networks, namely, grid type and radial-circular type. The discussion is based on SPCP （Shortest Path Counting Problem）, which reflects the traffic density of a road segment. Furthermore, we compare their effectiveness based on the obtained results of the above two road networks, and suggest some proposals on the design of car lanes by considering the direction of a road segment in relation to these road networks.
