Landscape Network Approach to Assess Ecological Impacts of Road Projects on Biological Conservation

Awareness of the adverse ecological effects of road and other large construction projects has resulted in a rapidly growing demand to quantitatively predict and evaluate the effects on gene flow among plants and animals in natural habitats.In this study,we evaluated the effects of different road construction scenarios on animal species movement by using the methods of ecological landscape connectivity in the typical regions of Yunnan Province,China.The results showed landscape connectivity levels(Probability of Connectivity(PC))decreased after road construction and species with lower dispersal abilities were more affected to the subsequent habitat fragmentation.First level roads affected landscape connectivity most significantly.At a distance of 100 m,the PC index decreased more than 50%.Further analysis suggested that the use of landscape connectivity to assess landscape processes revealed the adverse effects on the species movement more effectively compared with the traditional landscape pattern analysis.In addition,we conducted a graph theory and a least-cost modeling discussion,it is obvious that they are powerful tools to represent and analyze landscape networks with respect to related species movement.Network analysis offers a quantitative and simple but effective tool for ecological process assessment and biological conservation on large scales.

Perceived Benefits of Using Value Engineering on Road Projects in Ghana

The need for Optimum Value benefit realization on Road Projects in developing countries has become topical. While the traditional Cost Control project management process only aligns actual costs with budgeted costs, Value Engineering (VE) is a sustainable and systematic innovative methodology for establishing the best functional balance among desired features of a project. A Value Engineering (VE) study was conducted with the aim of examining the benefits associated with its use on Road Projects in Ghana. This study employed a two-stage research procedure: desk study and field research. The literature review identified the Optimum Value benefits associated with VE road project management technique as increased Confidence Level in Contract Compliance, reliable Implementation Level of Construction Delivery and enhanced Effectiveness Level of Project Sustainability. A quantitative survey research design based on a purposive sampling technique of selecting respondents was adopted. Employing closed-ended questions, 40 sets of questionnaires were issued to professionals in Road Infrastructure and Support Agencies (RISA) under the Ministry of Roads and Highways (MRH) in the Eastern Region of Ghana. At a response rate of 85%, descriptive statistical analysis (Means, Standard Deviations and Variances) and inferential statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) test were used to process the data and determine whether there was any significant difference between VE benefit parameters and the groups of respondents. The results revealed that road professionals are familiar with the VE process but solely use Cost Control project management technique. Road professionals recognized the high Optimum Value benefits of professionally ethical Contract Compliance, efficient Construction Delivery and functionally viable Project Sustainability on VE road project management process.

Cultural Aspect of Belt and Road Initiative and Project Mausam: Strategy for Engagement

The paper seeks to examine the cultural aspects of the two initiatives to justify the fact that enhancing cultural connections is a two way process and would certainly enable both civilizations to learn from each other. B&R's people-to-people bond strategy and Mausam's initiative to revive cultural linkages are not contradictory in nature but supplement each other. In the backdrop of Doklam Stand-off, the shaken mutual trust between the two neighbors can be healed by further increasing cultural and people-to-people contacts.

Evaluating Contractors’ Safety Record and Its Influence on Performance of Road Infrastructural Projects

A number of studies conducted in Kenya and internationally indicated that most of the construction firms and contractors do not seem to strictly observe safety administration in construction industry, hence compromised performance at implementation stage of projects and even later in the post implementation or post-delivery stage. The study aimed to examine the influence of contractors’ safety record on road performance. This is to create better understanding of how the safety record of contractors could either positively or negatively influence performance of roads during post-delivery stage. The study used both descriptive survey research design and correlation design based on a pragmatic mixed method approach. Through stratified sampling and proportionate sampling, a sample of 210 was drawn from a population of 460 comprising of registered contractors and Public Service Vehicles (PSV) drivers within Nairobi County in Kenya. Questionnaires were distributed using simple random sampling. The questionnaires returned were 153 in total representing 72.8% of all questionnaires distributed to the respondents. Data was descriptively analyzed using percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations for measuring central tendency and variability. Inferential analysis was done by use of correlation and regression. The descriptive analysis revealed that safety policy management system, insurance policy, and adequacy of standards in addressing safety outcome are to some extent practiced and adhered to. However, compliance behavior to safety procedures is still weak and requires improvement. The null hypothesis was tested and the results obtained from a simple linear regression indicated that, R = 0.657, R2 = 0.431, B = 0.359, t = 10.703, F (1,151) = 114.558, p = 0.000 < 0.05. This means that contractors’ safety record has a strong positive and significant relationship with road performance and that 43.1% of variation in performance is explained by safety record. This study recommends that contractors’ safety record should be part, and parcel of the evaluation criteria used in selection of a suitable road contractor to ensure road performance is achieved even after construction is completed. The study is significant in that it contributes to the body of knowledge by providing empirical data on the need for safety procedures in urban road construction and beyond.

中国对外承包工程对共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级的影响研究

对外承包工程是中国同共建“一带一路”国家开展产能合作的重要形式。文章采用2011-2021年37个共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级与中国对外承包工程的面板数据,实证检验中国对外承包工程对共建国家产业结构升级的影响及作用机制。研究发现:中国对外承包工程能够显著促进共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级,但促进作用具有异质性,作用效果因国家收入水平、是否与中国签订自由贸易协定等而存在显著差异。中国对外承包工程对共建“一带一路”国家产业结构升级的促进作用存在单门槛效应,当跨过门槛值后,促进作用将会减弱。中国对外承包工程能够通过促进共建“一带一路”国家经济增长、扩大进出口贸易、吸引外商直接投资等路径,促进共建国家产业结构升级。

市政道路工程关键技术研究

文中以新合肥西站周边市政道路工程为例,结合新合肥西站、合肥市综合交通规划等,服务于新合肥西站的地下隧道、地面道路、高架桥、市政管网及附属设施等工程建设需要,以满足城市交通快速进出新合肥西站综合交通枢纽的需求。临近、上跨、下穿运营铁路的施工,需紧密结合运营铁路临时过渡施工组织方案,并满足铁路防护相关要求。

基于AHP-模糊综合评价的市政道路工程项目风险评价研究

为了提高政府建设部门对市政道路工程项目风险管理的能力,促进市政道路工程项目建设持续健康发展,以政府建设部门的视角,通过德尔菲法对市政道路工程项目风险因素进行了筛选,构建了基于AHP-模糊综合评价法的潍坊市市政道路工程项目风险评价模型,通过运算得到各风险因素权重和风险程度,从而在工程项目建设中针对性地采取相关措施,并结合实例分析验证了模型的可操作性,对目前市政道路工程项目风险管理提出了相应的对策。

基于BIM的路桥项目管理与协调应用研究

随着信息技术的快速发展,建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)在建筑行业中的应用日益广泛。本论文针对路桥项目的特殊性,以解决实际问题为目标,探讨了BIM在路桥项目管理与协调中的应用[1]。通过对实际项目的案例研究,提出了一套基于BIM的路桥项目管理与协调的方法和工具,以优化项目的生命周期管理和提高项目的整体效率。本研究为路桥项目的实际应用提供了有益的参考和指导。

道路新建工程跨线桥的施工技术研究

结合上海沔北路新建工程跨线桥工程,深入探讨了新建道路跨越既有快速道路的跨线桥施工技术。总结了在各种条件制约下,如何充分应用技术手段,将施工面临的安全风险降到最低、将施工对交通带来的影响降到最小、将施工效率提升至最大,以期为类似工程提供参考。

超粘超薄磨耗层在广东中山城镇道路改造中的应用

目前的超薄磨耗层主要存在粘韧性不足、路用性能差等问题,本文通过沥青原材料、结构层和配合比设计、施工工艺等研究,提出了一种超粘超薄磨耗层设计与施工方法。显著提升了混合料抗车辙、降噪、耐久性、抗渗等性能及层间粘结力,实现了城镇道路品质的提升。异步施工的工艺降低了设备门槛和施工成本,对技术推广具有积极作用。

国际工程EPC项目风险识别和应对

文中以项目风险管理流程为切入点,全面分析评估国际工程EPC项目在实际执行中主要面临的政治、合同、设计、人力资源管理等风险类型,阐述在风险管理过程中如何运用科学方法进行风险识别,探讨了规避、转移、减轻和接受等风险应对策略,为相关人员提供技术参考,也为灰岩区等特定水土地形风险区的基础设施项目建设、安全运营提供借鉴。

EPC模式下市政道路工程管理研究——以三山区官河路等市政道路为例

当前,EPC模式下被广泛应用于市政项目建设。文章结合EPC模式下市政道路建设过程控制,分析了当前EPC总承包项目管理存在的问题,并提出了解决建议,旨在为更好地管理EPC模式下市政道路工程提供实践支持,也为后续工程总承包项目管理积累经验。

市政道路施工中的工程延误与监理响应策略

随着城市化的迅速发展,市政道路施工项目日益增多。然而,工程延误问题普遍存在于市政道路施工项目中,这不仅会对项目完成时间产生负面影响,还可能导致经济成本的增加。文章采用量化工具和技术分析方法,详细分析了市政道路工程工期延误原因,并提出了相应的预防性和反应性监理响应策略,以期能够更好地识别、评估和管理工程的延误,提高施工项目的效率,减少不必要的成本。

城市道路类项目环境影响评价技术要点探讨

城市道路类项目的建设与发展对环境产生广泛的影响。为了评估这些影响并确保道路建设的环境可持续性,环境影响评价技术在城市规划和道路建设中发挥着重要作用。本文探讨了城市道路类项目环境影响评价技术的要点,包括评估范围、评价方法和评估指标。通过综合分析和比较,可以更好地理解和评估城市道路建设对环境的影响,为决策者提供科学依据,以实现可持续发展的城市交通系统。

道路工程工后沉降影响因素及处理研究

道路工程是城市基础设施建设的关键组成部分,然而,工程完工后出现软土地基的沉降问题会对道路的安全性产生不利影响。以昆明地区某道路工程为例,采用钻探及原位测试手段,结合已有监测资料,旨在探讨道路工程工后沉降的影响因素以及有效的处理方法。结果发现,产生超限工后沉降的原因与填土层的密实度、硬壳层和软土层的厚度有关,采用高压旋喷桩配合长螺旋钻孔灌注桩进行加固处理,可以显著减少工程工后沉降,并延长道路的使用寿命。

掺沸石粉沥青混合料拌和与压实温度的动态关联

为探究温拌沥青混合料拌和与压实温度之间的关系,本研究以试验为手段,将沸石粉掺入沥青混合料,发现混合料能够达到目标密实度的最佳压实温度随着拌和温度的升高而逐渐降低,但降低的幅度不大。进而表明拌和温度与最佳压实温度的关系是非线性的,施工可操作的温度区间得到相应扩大,有利于低温季节的施工。

改扩建公路边坡地质灾害易发性评价

为了解决公路改扩建工程需要重新选线和边坡二次开挖的安全问题,因此,针对公路边坡地质灾害进行了易发性评价。采用AHP和粗糙集理论结合的策略,应用于山西省某地公路改扩建工程,结合GIS空间分析,得到易发性评价分区图。评价指标包括岩土类型、地形坡度、地表切割密度、降雨、地震、流域河网特征、植被覆盖度,将研究区分为高、中、低易发区。结果显示高易发区占15.3%,中等易发区占42.9%,低易发区占41.8%。建议在边坡二次开挖过程中根据评价结果采取相应监测和防护措施,新建段选线尽量绕避高易发区。该方法克服了主观和客观权重设置的不足,为科学合理的边坡地质灾害易发性评价提供了基础。

聚丙烯防裂基布在扩建道路中的应用研究

为研究聚丙烯长丝防裂基布在高速公路路面的抗反射裂缝效果,文中通过车辆荷载试验、芯样剪切强度等试验对沥青混凝土路面面层防裂效果进行研究及评价。结果表明铺设聚丙烯长丝抗裂基布的样块裂缝贯穿时经历的加载次数是无抗裂基布样块的2.65倍,铺设聚丙烯长丝抗裂基布的芯样剪切强度比没有抗裂基布的提高46%以上。在新建半刚性基层沥青混凝土路面和旧路面接缝处,加铺聚丙烯长丝抗裂基布可以延缓路面反射裂缝的产生,提高道路工程的安全可靠性。

东道国国内政治与“一带一路”基建项目推进——以柬埔寨和缅甸为例

在东南亚地区,中国“一带一路”倡议下的基建项目遭遇了民众抗议、重新谈判等波折。大部分项目在东道国成功协调反对声音后依旧保持进度,但部分项目却因无法统筹各方意见而进展缓慢。为什么同样在面临实施阻力的情况下,有些项目能顺利完工,不少项目却难有进展?本文认为“一带一路”基建项目的顺利实施取决于东道国的精英凝聚程度与社会动员能力。只有当东道国国内政商精英就基建项目的主导权达成一致,且政府能动员当地民众支持基建项目并化解其反对声音时,基建项目才能顺利实施;当精英意见一致但政府缺乏有效的基层动员手段时,政府可以安排临时性机构作为社会动员手段,保证基建项目受挫后依然能够重新启动;当精英意见难以统合时,不论政府能否动员民众支持基建项目,项目都可能停留在谈判阶段而无法推进。文章选择柬埔寨与缅甸作为案例,探究在基建项目建设进程中,东道国国内政商精英与基层民众的不同反应,分别验证文章提出的三种理论机制。