Robotics in total knee replacement:Current use and future implications

Robotic total knee replacement(TKR)surgery has evolved over the years with the aim of improving the overall 80% satisfaction rate associated with TKR surgery.Proponents claim higher precision in executing the pre-operative plan which results in improved alignment and possibly better clinical outcomes.Opponents suggest longer operative times with potentially higher complications and no superiority in clinical outcomes alongside increased costs.This editorial will summarize where we currently stand and the future implications of using robotics in knee replacement surgery.

How Does Robotics Process Automation (RPA) Affect Project Management Practices

The main purpose of this literature review is to understand the effectiveness and impacts of Robotics Process Automation (RPA) on the practices of Project Management (PM). For attaining the purposes of the research study, an extensive literature review was conducted, which helped in gaining a theoretical understanding. These findings were then justified with the help of current and relevant secondary sources in the analysis section. The findings suggested that RPA is quite advantageous for implementing in varied aspects of a business, especially in the field of project management. However, it can pose several challenges, which need to be taken into due consideration by the organizations during execution such as the capabilities of the employees and the abilities of the existing systems to incorporate automation, among others. It was ultimately concluded that RPA is highly advantageous for project management teams but its effective implementation is the key to success.

A new hybrid method with data‑characteristic‑driven analysis for artificial intelligence and robotics index return forecasting

Forecasting returns for the Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Index is of great significance for financial market stability,and the development of the artificial intelligence industry.To provide investors with a more reliable reference in terms of artificial intelligence index investment,this paper selects the NASDAQ CTA Artificial Intelligence and Robotics(AIRO)Index as the research target,and proposes innovative hybrid methods to forecast returns by considering its multiple structural characteristics.Specifically,this paper uses the ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD)method and the modified iterative cumulative sum of squares(ICSS)algorithm to decompose the index returns and identify the structural breakpoints.Furthermore,it combines the least-square support vector machine approach with the particle swarm optimization method(PSO-LSSVM)and the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity(GARCH)type models to construct innovative hybrid forecasting methods.On the one hand,the empirical results indicate that the AIRO index returns have complex structural characteristics,and present time-varying and nonlinear characteristics with high complexity and mutability;on the other hand,the newly proposed hybrid forecasting method(i.e.,the EEMD-PSO-LSSVM-ICSS-GARCH models)which considers these complex structural characteristics,can yield the optimal forecasting performance for the AIRO index returns.

Edge robotics:are we ready?an experimental evaluation of current vision and future directions

Cloud-based robotics systems leverage a wide range of Information Technologies(IT)to offer tangible benefits like cost reduction,powerful computational capabilities,data offloading,etc.However,the centralized nature of cloud computing is not well-suited for a multitude of Operational Technologies(OT)nowadays used in robotics systems that require strict real-time guarantees and security.Edge computing and fog computing are complementary approaches that aim at mitigating some of these challenges by providing computing capabilities closer to the users.The goal of this work is hence threefold:i)to analyze the current edge computing and fog computing landscape in the context of robotics systems,ii)to experimentally evaluate an end-to-end robotics system based on solutions proposed in the literature,and iii)to experimentally identify current benefits and open challenges of edge computing and fog computing.Results show that,in the case of an exemplary delivery application comprising two mobile robots,the robot coordination and range can be improved by consuming real-time radio information available at the edge.However,our evaluation highlights that the existing software,wireless and virtualization technologies still require substantial evolution to fully support edge-based robotics systems.

Importance of Photo-Realistic and Dedicated Simulator in Agricultural Robotics

Agricultural robotics is a comparatively new field. Recently, it has gotten special attention because of agricultural labor shortages and rising labor costs. With the increasing operational use of agricultural robots, the need for a dedicated robotic simulator for such activity has been noted here. The need of a dedicated and specialty simulator for agricultural robotics research is the main focus area of this paper. Moreover, limitations have been pointed out when conventional robot simulators are used directly in agricultural settings. In a nutshell, it has been tried to emphasize that a dedicated simulator for agricultural robotics would be a timely advance and would accelerate the growth of agricultural robots.

基于Delfoi Robotics的智能产线制造过程监控

大量数字化车间、智能产线投入运营,数字孪生技术作为智能制造理念的使能技术和手段,已有多家企业进行了探索研究。在城轨及标动牵引电机智能装配线建设过程中也产生了智能产线制造过程监控的需求,以Delfoi Robotics仿真平台为基础搭建的智能产线制造过程监控系统应运而生。Delfoi Robotics提供了完整的以虚控实功能并能在一定程度上进行以虚预实,但在实际生产制造过程中难以对以虚控实的功能进行安全管控。本文研究了如何通过Delfoi Robotics软件实现智能产线PLC、机器人及AGV等设备的数据采集进而实现制造过程的监控,包括对工作站运动仿真模型进行优化、智能产线设备信号采集、对信号与仿真模型运动关系进行匹配映射,从而实现使用物理对象的信息驱动仿真模型对生产制造过程进行监控。

基于MATLAB Robotics Toolbox的机器人学仿真实验教学

简要介绍MATLAB Robotics Toolbox在机器人学仿真实验教学中的基本应用,具体内容包括齐次坐标变换、机器人对象构建、机器人运动学求解以及轨迹规划等。该工具箱可以对机器人进行图形仿真,并能分析真实机器人控制时的实验数据结果,因此非常适宜于机器人学的教学和研究。

基于MATLAB Robotics Toolbox的ABB IRB1660机器人运动仿真研究

为验证ABB IRB1660机器人改装为空间点焊机器人后的运动性能,根据ABB IRB1660机器人空间结构图,使用D-H参数法对其进行参数设计,在MATLAB中建立仿真模型,调用Robotics Toolbox中的功能函数对该机器人的正、逆运动学进行仿真计算,验证了仿真模型的正确性。最后调用jtraj函数对该机器人进行PTP轨迹规划仿真分析,仿真结果表明:改装后机器人各关节运动性能良好,运动曲线平稳无振动。该研究为ABB IRB1660工业机器人改装试验提供了可靠的理论指导。

基于MATLAB-Robotics工具箱的工业机器人轨迹规划及仿真研究

对Cincinnati T3-746工业机器人的运动学轨迹规划进行了分析与仿真。通过实验对该工业机器人的三关节的关节轨迹进行了三次多项式插值运算。利用MATLAB-Robotics工具箱对该工业机器人进行了建模,实现了对工作空间内任意直线、圆弧轨迹拟合插值运算。通过运动学正反解的计算,得到了实时的关节空间坐标的数值解。为该工业机器人进一步的研究和应用提供了理论分析依据。

基于Robotics Toolbox的6R型机械臂运动学仿真及分析

针对6R型机械臂运动学进行了研究。首先采用D-H法建立机械臂关节坐标系并确定其连杆参数,应用MATLAB软件中的Robotics Toolbox仿真工具箱建立该机械臂模型,其次对机械臂进行轨迹规划研究和运动学仿真,最后,基于机械臂运动学模型应用可操作度指标分析机械臂的灵巧性能,本文阐述了机械臂运动学仿真的一般规律,由仿真得出的结果可知,本文的研究对于关节型机械臂的运动学仿真具有重要意义。

基于DELMIA/Robotics的白车身焊接机器人路径仿真研究

针对汽车焊接机器人工位缺乏精确可靠的焊接过程分析,本文应用DELMIA/Robotics软件实现汽车侧围的机器人焊接工位运动仿真。结果表明,运用DELMIA/Robotics可以有效降低运行成本和机器人编程时间。

基于Robotics Toolbox挖掘机工作装置的运动仿真

运用Danevit-Hartenberg方法,建立挖掘机工作装置运动坐标系,推导出其正、逆运动学数学模型。然后以某挖掘机为例,在MATLAB 2009b仿真环境下,用Robotics Toolbox建立该挖掘机工作装置运动学仿真模型,测定其作业空间,并进行运动学、轨迹规划仿真;同时可直观地观察所建运动学仿真模型各关节的变化,末端的位姿也作相应的变化,检验各部件关键运动参数的合理性,为挖掘机运动学分析与仿真提供了一个简便的方法。

工业机器人在MATLAB-Robotics中的运动学分析

本文设计了一种基于工业机器人的自动化处理系统,能够将工人从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来,避免了工人长时间在恶劣的环境中工作,首先需要在MATLAB Robotics环境下,建立机器人运动模型,对6R机器人的正运动学方程进行仿真验证。对机器人运动轨迹进行插补运算,运用MATLAB Robotics Toolbox工具箱编写了简单的命令程序,对工作空间内机器人进行关节轨迹规划与笛卡尔空间内的轨迹规划仿真,为6R工业机器人的运动学分析及轨迹仿真提供了参考依据。

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisciplinary interface that contributes to advancing the field of system autonomy,and pushes the engineering boundaries beyond the existing techniques.The present research adopts the experimental aspects of quantum entanglement and quantum cryptography,and integrates these established quantum capabilities into distributed robotic platforms,to explore the possibility of achieving increased autonomy for the control of multi-agent robotic systems engaged in cooperative tasks.Experimental quantum capabilities are realized by producing single photons(using spontaneous parametric down-conversion process),polarization of photons,detecting vertical and horizontal polarizations,and single photon detecting/counting.Specifically,such quantum aspects are implemented on network of classical agents,i.e.,classical aerial and ground robots/unmanned systems.With respect to classical systems for robotic applications,leveraging quantum technology is expected to lead to guaranteed security,very fast control and communication,and unparalleled quantum capabilities such as entanglement and quantum superposition that will enable novel applications.

基于MATLAB/Robotics Toolbox的六自由度机械臂仿真

设计了一种六自由度的机械臂,用D-H法建立数学模型,并运用MATLAB中的simulink模块对机械臂的运动学和路径规划问题进行了仿真。给出关节变量值,求解机械臂末端姿态;已知空间姿态,求解关节变量;采用改进点到点的路径规划,得到了仿真时间为2s,间隔为0.025s的机械臂末端运行轨迹图,进而得到机械臂末端在坐标空间的姿态和速度、加速度的关联图形。仿真结果作为机械臂控制系统设计的依据。

Research Advance in Swarm Robotics

The research progress of swarm robotics is reviewed in details. The swarm robotics inspired from nature is a combination of swarm intelligence and robotics, which shows a great potential in several aspects. First of all, the cooperation of nature swarm and swarm intelligence are briefly introduced, and the special features of the swarm robotics are summarized compared to a single robot and other multi-individual systems. Then the modeling methods for swarm robotics are described by a list of several widely used swarm robotics entity projects and simulation platforms. Finally, as a main part of this paper, the current research on the swarm robotic algorithms are presented in detail, including cooperative control mechanisms in swarm robotics for flocking, navigating and searching applications.

Human Interaction Dynamics for Its Use in Mobile Robotics:Impedance Control for Leader-follower Formation

A complete characterization of the behavior in human-robot interactions(HRI) includes both: the behavioral dynamics and the control laws that characterize how the behavior is regulated with the perception data. In this way, this work proposes a leader-follower coordinate control based on an impedance control that allows to establish a dynamic relation between social forces and motion error. For this, a scheme is presented to identify the impedance based on fictitious social forces, which are described by distance-based potential fields.As part of the validation procedure, we present an experimental comparison to select the better of two different fictitious force structures. The criteria are determined by two qualities: least impedance errors during the validation procedure and least parameter variance during the recursive estimation procedure.Finally, with the best fictitious force and its identified impedance,an impedance control is designed for a mobile robot Pioneer 3AT,which is programmed to follow a human in a structured scenario.According to results, and under the hypothesis that moving like humans will be acceptable by humans, it is believed that the proposed control improves the social acceptance of the robot for this kind of interaction.

Application of robotics in gastrointestinal endoscopy:Areview

Multiple robotic flexible endoscope platforms have been developed based on cross specialty collaboration between engineers and medical doctors. However, significant number of these platforms have been developed for the natural orifice transluminal endo-scopic surgery paradigm. Increasing amount of evidence suggest the focus of development should be placed on advanced endolumenal procedures such as endoscopic submucosal dissection instead. A thorough literature analysis was performed to assess the current status of robotic flexible endoscopic platforms designed for advanced endolumenal procedures. Current efforts are mainly focused on robotic locomotion and robotic instrument control. In the future, advances in actuation and servoing technology, optical analysis, augmented reality and wireless power transmission technology will no doubt further advance the field of robotic endoscopy. Globally, health systems have become increasingly budget conscious; widespread acceptance of robotic endoscopy will depend on careful design to ensure its delivery of a cost effective service.

Towards Collaborative Robotics in Top View Surveillance:A Framework for Multiple Object Tracking by Detection Using Deep Learning

Collaborative Robotics is one of the high-interest research topics in the area of academia and industry.It has been progressively utilized in numerous applications,particularly in intelligent surveillance systems.It allows the deployment of smart cameras or optical sensors with computer vision techniques,which may serve in several object detection and tracking tasks.These tasks have been considered challenging and high-level perceptual problems,frequently dominated by relative information about the environment,where main concerns such as occlusion,illumination,background,object deformation,and object class variations are commonplace.In order to show the importance of top view surveillance,a collaborative robotics framework has been presented.It can assist in the detection and tracking of multiple objects in top view surveillance.The framework consists of a smart robotic camera embedded with the visual processing unit.The existing pre-trained deep learning models named SSD and YOLO has been adopted for object detection and localization.The detection models are further combined with different tracking algorithms,including GOTURN,MEDIANFLOW,TLD,KCF,MIL,and BOOSTING.These algorithms,along with detection models,help to track and predict the trajectories of detected objects.The pre-trained models are employed;therefore,the generalization performance is also investigated through testing the models on various sequences of top view data set.The detection models achieved maximum True Detection Rate 93%to 90%with a maximum 0.6%False Detection Rate.The tracking results of different algorithms are nearly identical,with tracking accuracy ranging from 90%to 94%.Furthermore,a discussion has been carried out on output results along with future guidelines.

Soft Robotics:Morphology and Morphology-inspired Motion Strategy

Robotics has aroused huge attention since the 1950s.Irrespective of the uniqueness that industrial applications exhibit,conventional rigid robots have displayed noticeable limitations,particularly in safe cooperation as well as with environmental adaption.Accordingly,scientists have shifted their focus on soft robotics to apply this type of robots more effectively in unstructured environments.For decades,they have been committed to exploring sub-fields of soft robotics(e.g.,cutting-edge techniques in design and fabrication,accurate modeling,as well as advanced control algorithms).Although scientists have made many different efforts,they share the common goal of enhancing applicability.The presented paper aims to brief the progress of soft robotic research for readers interested in this field,and clarify how an appropriate control algorithm can be produced for soft robots with specific morphologies.This paper,instead of enumerating existing modeling or control methods of a certain soft robot prototype,interprets for the relationship between morphology and morphology-dependent motion strategy,attempts to delve into the common issues in a particular class of soft robots,and elucidates a generic solution to enhance their performance.