Nonlinear robust adaptive control for bidirectional stabilization system of all-electric tank with unknown actuator backlash compensation and disturbance estimation

Since backlash nonlinearity is inevitably existing in actuators for bidirectional stabilization system of allelectric tank,it behaves more drastically in high maneuvering environments.In this work,the accurate tracking control for bidirectional stabilization system of moving all-electric tank with actuator backlash and unmodeled disturbance is solved.By utilizing the smooth adaptive backlash inverse model,a nonlinear robust adaptive feedback control scheme is presented.The unknown parameters and unmodelled disturbance are addressed separately through the derived parametric adaptive function and the continuous nonlinear robust term.Because the unknown backlash parameters are updated via adaptive function and the backlash effect can be suppressed successfully by inverse operation,which ensures the system stability.Meanwhile,the system disturbance in the high maneuverable environment can be estimated with the constructed adaptive law online improving the engineering practicality.Finally,Lyapunov-based analysis proves that the developed controller can ensure the tracking error asymptotically converges to zero even with unmodeled disturbance and unknown actuator backlash.Contrast co-simulations and experiments illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach.

Adaptive Robust Servo Control for Vertical Electric Stabilization System of Tank and Experimental Validation

A tracking stability control problem for the vertical electric stabilization system of moving tank based on adaptive robust servo control is addressed.This paper mainly focuses on two types of possibly fast timevarying but bounded uncertainty within the vertical electric stabilization system:model parameter uncertainty and uncertain nonlinearity.First,the vertical electric stabilization system is constructed as an uncertain nonlinear dynamic system that can reflect the practical mechanics transfer process of the system.Second,the dynamical equation in the form of state space is established by designing the angular tracking error.Third,the comprehensive parameter of system uncertainty is designed to estimate the most conservative effects of uncertainty.Finally,an adaptive robust servo control which can effectively handle the combined effects of complex nonlinearity and uncertainty is proposed.The feasibility of the proposed control strategy under the practical physical condition is validated through the tests on the experimental platform.This paper pioneers the introduction of the internal nonlinearity and uncertainty of the vertical electric stabilization system into the settlement of the tracking stability control problem,and validates the advanced servo control strategy through experiment for the first time.

Insights into ionic association boosting water oxidation activity and dynamic stability

There have been reports about Fe ions boosting oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activity of Ni-based catalysts in alkaline conditions,while the origin and reason for the enhancement remains elusive.Herein,we attempt to identify the activity improvement and discover that Ni sites act as a host to attract Fe(Ⅲ)to form Fe(Ni)(Ⅲ)binary centres,which serve as the dynamic sites to promote OER activity and stability by cyclical formation of intermediates(Fe(Ⅲ)→Fe(Ni)(Ⅲ)→Fe(Ni)-OH→Fe(Ni)-O→Fe(Ni)OOH→Fe(Ⅲ))at the electrode/electrolyte interface to emit O_(2).Additionally,some ions(Co(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ),and Cr(Ⅲ))can also be the active sites to catalyze the OER process on a variety of electrodes.The Fe(Ⅲ)-catalyzed overall water-splitting electrolyzer comprising bare Ni foam as the anode and Pt/Ni-Mo as the cathode demonstrates robust stability for 1600 h at 1000 mA cm^(-2)@~1.75 V.The results provide insights into the ioncatalyzed effects boosting OER performance.

Robust Stability Analysis of Smith Predictor Based Interval Fractional-Order Control Systems:A Case Study in Level Control Process

The robust stability study of the classic Smith predictor-based control system for uncertain fractional-order plants with interval time delays and interval coefficients is the emphasis of this work.Interval uncertainties are a type of parametric uncertainties that cannot be avoided when modeling real-world plants.Also,in the considered Smith predictor control structure it is supposed that the controller is a fractional-order proportional integral derivative(FOPID)controller.To the best of the authors'knowledge,no method has been developed until now to analyze the robust stability of a Smith predictor based fractional-order control system in the presence of the simultaneous uncertainties in gain,time-constants,and time delay.The three primary contributions of this study are as follows:ⅰ)a set of necessary and sufficient conditions is constructed using a graphical method to examine the robust stability of a Smith predictor-based fractionalorder control system—the proposed method explicitly determines whether or not the FOPID controller can robustly stabilize the Smith predictor-based fractional-order control system;ⅱ)an auxiliary function as a robust stability testing function is presented to reduce the computational complexity of the robust stability analysis;andⅲ)two auxiliary functions are proposed to achieve the control requirements on the disturbance rejection and the noise reduction.Finally,four numerical examples and an experimental verification are presented in this study to demonstrate the efficacy and significance of the suggested technique.

Input-output approach to robust stability and stabilization for uncertain singular systems with time-varying discrete and distributed delays

Based on input-output approach, the robust stability and stabilization problems for uncertain singular systems with time-varying delays are investigated. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded and the time-varying delays include both discrete delay and distributed delay. By introducing a new input-output model, the time-delay system is embedded in a family of systems with a forward system without time delay and a dynamical feedback uncertainty. A sufficient and necessary condition, which guarantees the system regular, impulse-free and stable for all admissible uncertainties, is obtained. Based on the strict linear matrix inequality, the desired robust state feedback controller is also obtained. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.

Robust Stability and Stabilization of Discrete Singular Systems with Interval Time-varying Delay and Linear Fractional Uncertainty

The robust stability and robust stabilization problems for discrete singular systems with interval time-varying delay and linear fractional uncertainty are discussed. A new delay-dependent criterion is established for the nominal discrete singular delay systems to be regular, causal and stable by employing the linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach. It is shown that the newly proposed criterion can provide less conservative results than some existing ones. Then, with this criterion, the problems of robust stability and robust stabilization for uncertain discrete singular delay systems are solved, and the delay-dependent LMI conditions are obtained. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

An improved robust stability and robust stabilization method for linear discrete-time uncertain systems

This paper addresses the problems of the robust stability and robust stabilization of a discrete-time system with polytopic uncertainties. A new and simple method is presented to directly decouple the Lyapunov matrix and the system dynamic matrix. Combining this method with the parameter-dependent Lyapunov function approach yields new criteria that include some existing ones as special cases. A numerical example illustrates the improvement over the existing ones.

Robust stability and H-infinity control for uncertain discrete-time Markovian jump singular systems

The robust stability and stabilization, and H-infinity control problems for discrete-time Markovian jump singular systems with parameter uncertainties are discussed. Based on the restricted system equivalent （r.s.e.） transformation and by introducing new state vectors, the singular system is transformed into a discrete-time Markovian jump standard linear system, and the linear matrix inequality （LMI） conditions for the discrete-time Markovian jump singular systems to be regular, causal, stochastically stable, and stochastically stable with 7- disturbance attenuation are obtained, respectively. With these conditions, the robust state feedback stochastic stabilization problem and H-infinity control problem are solved, and the LMI conditions are obtained. A numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the method given in the oaoer.

On delay-dependent robust stability for uncertain neutral systems

The problem of delay-dependent criteria for the robust stability of neutral systems with time-varying structured uncertainties and identi-cal neutral-delay and discrete-delay is concerned. A criterion for nominal systems is presented by taking the relationship between the terms in the Leibniz-Newton formula into account, which is described by some free-weighting matrices. In addition, this criterion is extended to robust stability of the systems with time-varying structured uncertainties. All of the criteria are based on linear matrix inequality such that it is easy to calculate the upper bound of the time-delay and the free-weighting matrices. Numerical examples illustrate the effectiveness and the improvement over the existing results.

Robust stability analysis of singular linear system with delay and parameter uncertainty

This paper deals with the problem of robust stability for continuous-time singular systems with state delay and parameter uncertainty. The uncertain singular systems with delay considered in this paper are assumed to be regular and impulse free.By decomposing the systems into slow and fast subsystems,a robust delay-dependent asymptotic stability criteria based on linear matrix inequality is proposed, which is derived by using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals, neither model transformation nor bounding for cross terms is required in the derivation of our delay-dependent result. The robust delay-dependent stability criterion proposed in this paper is a sufficient condition. Finally, numerical examples and Matlab simulation are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Stability analysis and design of time-delay uncertain systems using robust reliability method

A robust reliability method for stability analysis and reliability-based stabilization of time-delay dynamic systems with uncertain but bounded parameters is presented by treating the uncertain parameters as interval variables.The performance function used for robust reliability analysis is defined by a delayindependent stability criterion.The design of robust controllers is carried out by solving a reliability-based optimization problem in which the control cost satisfying design requirements is minimized.This kind of treatment makes it possible to achieve a balance between the reliability and control cost in the design of controller when uncertainties must be taken into account.By the method,a robust reliability measure of the degree of stability of a time-delay uncertain system can be provided,and the maximum robustness bounds of uncertain parameters such that the time-delay system to be stable can be obtained.All the procedures are based on the linear matrix inequality approach and therefore can be carried out conveniently.The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method are demonstrated with two practical examples.It is shown by numerical simulations and comparison that it is meaningful to take the robust reliability into account in the control design of uncertain systems.

On delay-dependent robust stability of neutral systems

The delay-dependent robust stability of uncertain linear neutral systems with delays is investigated. Both discrete-delay-dependent/neutral-delay-independent and neutral-/discrete- delay-dependent stability criteria will be developed. The proposed stability criteria are formulated in the form of linear matrix inequalities and it is easy to check the robust stability of the considered systems. By introducing certain Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional the mathematical development of our result avoids model transformation and bounding for cross terms, which lead to conservatism. Finally, numerical example is given to indicate the improvement over some existing results.

ROBUST GLOBAL EXPONENTIAL STABILITY OF UNCERTAIN IMPULSIVE SYSTEMS

By using the quasi-Lyapunov function, some sufficient conditions of global exponential stability for impulsive systems are established, which is the basis for the following discussion. Then, by employing Riccati inequality and Hamilton-Jacobi inequality approach, some sufficient conditions of robust exponential stability for uncertain linear/nonlinear impulsive systems are derived, respectively. Finally, some examples are given to illustrate the applications of the theory.

2-D algebraic test for robust stability of time-delay systems with interval parameters

The robust stability test of time-delay systems with interval parameters can be concluded into the robust stability of the interval quasipolynomials. It has been revealed that the robust stability of the quasipolynomials depends on that of their edge polynomials. This paper transforms the interval quasipolynomials into two-dimensional （2-D） interval polynomials （2-D s-z hybrid polynomials）, proves that the robust stability of interval 2-D polynomials are sufficient for the stability of given quasipolynomials. Thus, the stability test of interval quasipolynomials can be completed in 2-D s-z domain instead of classical 1-D s domain. The 2-D s-z hybrid polynomials should have different forms under the time delay properties of given quasipolynomials. The stability test proposed by the paper constructs an edge test set from Kharitonov vertex polynomials to reduce the number of testing edge polynomials. The 2-D algebraic tests are provided for the stability test of vertex 2-D polynomials and edge 2-D polynomials family. To verify the results of the paper to be correct and valid, the simulations based on proposed results and comparison with other presented results are given.

A new result on global exponential robust stability of neural networks with time-varying delays

In this paper, the global exponential robust stability of neural networks with ume-varying delays is investigated. By using nonnegative matrix theory and the Halanay inequality, a new sufficient condition for global exponential robust stability is presented. It is shown that the obtained result is different from or improves some existing ones reported in the literatures. Finally, some numerical examples and a simulation are given to show the effectiveness of the obtained result.

A Note on Robust Stability Analysis of Fractional Order Interval Systems by Minimum Argument Vertex and Edge Polynomials

By using power mapping(s =v^m),stability analysis of fractional order polynomials was simplified to the stability analysis of expanded degree integer order polynomials in the first Riemann sheet.However,more investigation is needed for revealing properties of power mapping and demonstration of conformity of Hurwitz stability under power mapping of fractional order characteristic polynomials.Contributions of this study have two folds: Firstly,this paper demonstrates conservation of root argument and magnitude relations under power mapping of characteristic polynomials and thus substantiates validity of Hurwitz stability under power mapping of fractional order characteristic polynomials.This also ensures implications of edge theorem for fractional order interval systems.Secondly,in control engineering point of view,numerical robust stability analysis approaches based on the consideration of minimum argument roots of edge and vertex polynomials are presented.For the computer-aided design of fractional order interval control systems,the minimum argument root principle is applied for a finite set of edge and vertex polynomials,which are sampled from parametric uncertainty box.Several illustrative examples are presented to discuss effectiveness of these approaches.

Further Results on Delay-distribution-dependent Robust Stability Criteria for Delayed Systems

This paper concerns the robust stability analysis of uncertain systems with time delays as random variables drawn from some probability distribution. The delay-distribution-dependent criteria for the exponential stability of the original system in mean square sense are achieved by Lyapunov functional method and the linear matrix inequality （LMI） technique. The proposed approach involves neither free weighting matrices nor any model transformation, and it shows that the new criteria can provide less conservative results than some existing ones. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed method.

New Robust Exponential Stability Analysis for Uncertain Neural Networks with Time-varying Delay

In this paper,the global robust exponential stability is considered for a class of neural networks with parametric uncer- tainties and time-varying delay.By using Lyapunov functional method,and by resorting to the new technique for estimating the upper bound of the derivative of the Lyapunov functional,some less conservative exponential stability criteria are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).Numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Robust adaptive precision motion control of tank horizontal stabilizer based on unknown actuator backlash compensation

Backlash nonlinearity inevitably exists in the actuator of tank horizontal stabilizer and has adverse effect on the system control performance,however,how to effectively eliminate its effect remains a pending issue.To solve this problem,a robust adaptive precision motion controller is presented in this paper to address uncertainties and unknown actuator backlash of tank horizontal actuator.The controller handles the modeling uncertainties including parameter uncertainties and unmodeled disturbances by integrating adaptive feedforward compensation and continuous nonlinear robust law.Based on the backstepping method,a smooth backlash inverse model is constructed by combining the adaptive idea.Meanwhile,the unknown backlash parameters of the system can be approximated through the parameter adaptation,and the impact of the actuator backlash nonlinearity is effectively compensated via the inverse operation,which can availably improve the tracking performance.Moreover,the adaptive law can update the disturbance ranges of tank horizontal stabilizer online in real time,which enhances the feasibility in practical engineering applications.Furthermore,the stability analysis based on Lyapunov function shows that with the existence of unmodeled disturbances and unknown actuator backlash,the designed controller guarantees excellent asymptotic output tracking performance.Extensive comparative results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

Delay-dependent criteria for the robust stability of systems with time-varying delay

The problem of delay-dependent robust stability for systems with time-varying delay has been considered. By using the S-procedure and the Park's inequality in the recent issue, a delay-dependent robust stability criterion which is less conservative than the previous results has been derived for time-delay systems with time-varying structured uncertainties. The same idea has also been easily extended to the systems with nonlinear perturbations. Numerical examples illustrated the effectiveness and the improvement of the proposed approach. Keywords Delay-dependent criteria - Robust stability - Time-varying structured uncertainties - Nonlinear perturbations - Linear matrix inequality This work was supported by the Doctor Subject Foundation of China (No. 2000053303).