Ore-forming Fluid Systems and Mineralization in the Eastern Jiangnan Uplift in the Border Area of Anhui and Jiangxi Provinces, China

Obvious differences in mineralization characteristics exist between the southern and northern parts of the eastern part of the Jiangnan Uplift in northern Jiangxi Province and southern Anhui Province. The regional metallogeny is discussed, and the ore-forming fluid systems are classified in this article. It is proposed that the fluid ore-forming activities in the Jiangnan Uplift both in northern Jiangxi and southern Anhui have close relationships with the crust-mantle interaction and magmatic-tectonic activities. The types and scales of the mineralization on the both sides of the eastern Jiangnan Uplift were determined by fluid ore-forming systems and geological backgrounds.

Chemical Forms of Heavy Metals in Carbonate-Derived Laterite and Enrichment of Its Iron Oxide Minerals

In this paper the seven-step continuous extracting method was employed in the studyof chemical forms of the six heavy metals Co, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr and Mn. The result shows thatthe metals in the laterite are present in the chemical form of crystalline iron oxides andresidues, and they are transformed toward organic and exchangeable forms in the surface soil.Linear regression analysis indicates that the above heavy metals have a positive correlation withthe crystalline iron oxide minerals. The crystalline iron oxide minerals have a very importantrole to play in the enrichment of heavy metals, especially the solid components in the laterite.

Potassium forms in calcareous soils as affected by clay minerals and soil development in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province,Southwest Iran

Potassium（K） is known as one of the essential nutrients for the growth of plant species. The relationship between K and clay minerals can be used to understand the K cycling, and assess the plant uptake and potential of soil K fertility. This study was conducted to analyze the K forms（soluble, exchangeable, non-exchangeable and structural） and the relationship of K forms with clay minerals of calcareous soils in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Southwest Iran. The climate is hotter and drier in the west and south of the province than in the east and north of the province. A total of 54 pedons were dug in the study area and 32 representative pedons were selected. The studied pedons were mostly located on calcareous deposits. The soils in the study area can be classified into 5 orders including Entisols, Inceptisols, Mollisols, Alfisols and Vertisols. The main soil clay minerals in the west and south of the study area were illite, chlorite and palygorskite, whereas they were smectite, vermiculite and illite in the north and east of the province. Due to large amount of smectite and high content of organic carbon in soil surface, the exchangeable K in surface soils was higher than that in subsurface soils. It seems that organic matter plays a more important role than smectite mineral in retaining exchangeable K in the studied soils. Non-exchangeable K exhibited close relationships with clay content, illite, vermiculite and smectite. Although the amount of illite was the same in almost all pedons, amounts of structural and non-exchangeable K were higher in humid regions than in arid and semi-arid regions. This difference may be related to the poor reservoir of K~＋ minerals like palygorskite and chlorite together with illite in arid and semi-arid regions. In humid areas, illite was accompanied by vermiculite and smectite as the K~＋ reservoir. Moreover, the mean cumulative non-exchangeable K released by CaCl_2 was higher than that released by oxalic acid, which may be due to the high buffering capacity resulting from high carbonates in soils.

Mineralization and Transformation of Nitrogen Derived from Plant Materials in Soils over 10 Years

Results of a 10-year decomposition experiment indicated that the annual mineralization rate of organic N in newly-formed humus varied with the type of original plant materials and the water regimes for decomposition, ranging from 0.028 to 0.074. The mineralization rate under waterlogged conditions was higher than that under upland conditions. The proportion of α-amino acid N in humus newly-formed under waterlogged conditions was slightly higher than that under upland conditions. It decreased gradually with time, while the proportion of nonhydrolyzable N showed no consistent trend, irrespective of the water regimes for decomposition. The distribution of amino acids in humus newly- formed from different plant materials under various water regimes was quite similar with that in original plant materials, and only minor differences could be found among them. For example, in comparison to original plant materials, the newly-formed humus contained higher proportions of isoleucine, cystine, γ-amino-butync acid and ornithine, and lower proportions of phenylalanine and proline. Moreover the proportion of phenylalanine was higher in the humus newly-formed under waterlogged conditions than that under upland conditions.

Delineation of Potential Mineral Resources RegionBased on Geo-anomaly Unit

The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.

Analysis of Mineralization System and Prediction of New-Type Ore Deposits

The discovery of new-type ore deposits, an important approach to guarantee the mineral resources supply in the 21st century, often brings about a gigantic increase in the mineral resources reserves. The analysis of mineralization system is of great importance to the discovery of new type ore deposits. ① The understanding of the relationship among various ore deposit types within a mineralization system in a region can help us to locate the unknown ore deposit types from the known ore deposit types, evidence that has been proved in the mineral prospecting history of ore belts in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, China. ② The understanding of the spatial structure of a mineralization system, especially of the vertical zonation, is helpful for the discovery of the concealed ore deposit types. ③ Clarifying the temporal structure of a mineralization system, including the iteration relationship between the mineral deposit types in the mineralization, leads to the location of the missing mineralization chains from the known mineralization chains (mineral deposit type), a method often proved to be effective in the magmatic hydrothermal mineralization system.④ Clarifying the factors restraining the diversity of mineral deposit types in mineralization system leads to the discovery of the potential of new type mineral deposits in relevant region. ⑤ Studying new mineralization setting and new ore forming processes leads to discovery of new type mineral deposit. More probabilities of discovery of new type mineral deposits are present in biogenic mineralization system, deep sea mineralization system, low temperature mineralization system, tectonic mineralization system and superimposed mineralization system.

Mineral Composition of Loess-Paleosol Samplesfrom the Loess Plateau of China and Its Environmental Significance

34 samples of loess-paleosol from the Luochuan and kifeng sections in the Loess Plateau, north-ern China were separated into sand, silt and clay fractions and analyzed for their mineral composi -tions. The results indicate that there is almost no difference between loess and paleosol in mineralcomposition. Major mineral species are quartz, mica, feIdspar and chlorite, accounhng for about88-92% of the total, other minerals are kandite, smectite, vermiculite and a few heavy minerals. Thecalcite, magnetite and hematite were not taken into consideration because of their removal in the pro-cess of sample preparation. The main difference with respect to the mineral composition of samplescollected from different sections and different stratigraphic leveIs lies in the amount and grain sise ofminerals hosted. Comparisons between the Luochuan section and the kifeng section, between paleosoland loess and between the upper part and the lower part of some paleosol layers show that the for-mers contain less feldspar but more mica and vermiculite and are finer in grain sise, indicahng theco-occurrence of both biochemical weathering process responsible for mineral change and physicalweathering process leading to grain-stie change during the soiI-forming processes. This result favourssuch an explanation of the soi1-forming mechanism that loess deposition and paleosol developmentoccurred synchronously, though the rate of soil formation was greater than that of loess deposition,thus leading to soil development.

Ore-forming Conditions and Prospecting in the West Kunlun Area,Xinjiang, China

The West Kunlun ore-forming belt is located between the northwestern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and southwestern Tarim Basin. It situated between the Paleo-Asian Tectonic Domain and Tethyan Tectonic Domain. It is an important component of the giant tectonic belt in central China (the Kunlun-Qilian-Qinling Tectonic Belt or the Central Orogenic Belt). Many known ore-forming belts such as the Kunlun-Qilian Qinling ore-forming zone, Sanjiang (or Three river) ore-forming zone, Central Asian ore-forming zone, etc. pass through the West Kunlun area. Three ore-forming zones and seven ore-forming subzones were classified, and eighteen mineralization areas were marked. It is indicated that the West Kunlun area is one of the most favorable region for finding out large and superlarge ore deposits.

Thermodynamic Modelling of Ore-Forming Mechanism of the Changkeng Gold-Silver Deposits in Guangdong Province

The Changkeng gold-silver deposits consist of a sediment-hosted, disseminated gold deposit and a replacement-type silver deposit. The mineralizations of gold and silver are zoned and closely related to the silicification of carbonate and clastic rocks, so that siliceous ores dominate in the deposit. The mineralizing temperature ranges mainly from 300 to 170℃, and K+, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and Cl- are the major ions in the ore-forming fluid. Calculations of distribution of metal complexes show that gold is mainly transported by hydrosulphide complexes, but chloride complexes of silver, iron, lead, and zinc, which are transformed into hydroxyl and hydrosulphide complexes under neutral to weak-alkaline circumstances in the late stage, predominate in the ore-forming solutions. Water-rock interaction is confirmed to be the effective mechanism for the formation of silver ores by computer modelling of reaction of hydrothermal solution with carbonate rocks. The solubility analyses demonstrate that the precipitation of gold and silver-bearing minerals taking place under weak-acid conditions and near-neutral to weak-alkaline conditions, respectively, is the main or favourable factor for the ore zonation and separation between gold and silver.

Helium, lead and sulfur isotope geochemistry of the Gejiu Sn-polymetallic ore deposit and the s ources of ore-forming materials

Studies on the helium, lead and sulfur isotopic composition were performed of the Gejiu super-large Sn-polymetallic ore deposit. The results indicated that the ore-forming materials came from different sources and the deposit is a product of superimposed mineralization. The deposit is characterized by multi-source and multi-period mineralization, which experienced submarine hydrothermal deposition and Late Yanshanian magmatic hydrothermal mineralization. It is held that the Gejiu super-large Sn-polymetallic ore deposit is a multi-genesis deposit.

Rb-Sr Dating of Pyrite and Quartz Fluid Inclusions and Origin of Ore-forming Materials of the Jinshan Gold Deposit, Northeast Jiangxi Province, South China

The Jinshan gold deposit is located in the Northeast Jiangxi province,South China,which related to the ductile shear zone.It contains two ore types,i.e.the alteration-type ore and the goldbearing quartz vein ore.Rb-Sr age dating is applied to both gold-bearing pyrite in the alteration-type ore and fluid inclusion in the gold-bearing quartz vein to make clear the time of the gold mineralization of the Jinshan deposit.Analytical results of this study yielded that the age of the alteration-type ore bodies is about 838±110Ma,with an initial 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.7045±0.0020.However,the age of the gold-bearing quartz vein-type ore is about 379±49Ma,and the initial 87Sr/86Sr is 0.7138±0.0011.Based on the age data from this work and many previous studies,the authors consider that the Jinshan gold deposit is a product of multi-staged mineralization,which may include the Jinninian,Caledonian,Hercynian,and Yanshanian Periods.Among them,the Jinninian Period and the Hercynian Period might be the two most important ore-forming periods for Jinshan deposit.The Jinninian Period is the main stage for the formation of alteration-type ore bodies,while the Hercynian Period is the major time for ore bodies of gold-bearing quartz vein type.The initial values of the 87Sr/86Sr from this study,as well as the previous isotope and trace element studies,indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly derived from the metamorphic wall rocks,and the ore-forming fluids mainly originated from the deep metamorphic water.

Mineralogical characteristics of polymetallic sulfides from the Deyin-1 hydrothermal field near 15°S, southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge

A seafloor hydrothermal field, named Deyin-1 later, near 15°S southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge（SMAR） was newly found during the 22 nd cruise carried out by the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research ＆ Development Association（COMRA）. Sulfide samples were collected at three stations from the hydrothermal field during the26 th cruise in 2012. In this paper, mineralogical characteristics of the sulfides were analyzed with optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe to study the crystallization sequence of minerals and the process of hydrothermal mineralization. According to the difference of the ore-forming metal elements, the sulfide samples can be divided into three types：（1） the Ferich sulfide, which contains mainly pyrite and chalcopyrite;（2） the Fe-Cu-rich sulfide consisting predominantly of pyrite, chalcopyrite and isocubanite, with lesser amount of sphalerite, marmatite and pyrrhotine; and（3） the Fe-Zn-rich sulfide dominated by pyrite, sphalerite and marmatite, with variable amounts of chalcopyrite, isocubanite, pyrrhotine, marcasite, galena and gratonite. Mineral precipitations in these sulfides are in the sequence of chalcopyrite（isocubanite and possible coarse pyrite）, fine pyrite,sphalerite（marmatite）, galena, gratonite and then the minerals out of the dissolution. Two morphologically distinct generations（Py-I and Py-II） of pyrite are identified in each of the samples; inclusions of marmatite tend to exist in the coarse pyrite crystals（Py-I）. Sphalerite in the Fe-Zn-rich sulfide is characterized by a＂chalcopyrite disease＂ phenomenon. Mineral paragenetic relationships and a wide range of chemical compositions suggest that the environment of hydrothermal mineralization was largely changing. By comparison, the Fe-rich sulfide was formed in a relatively stable environment with a high temperature, but the conditions for the formation of the Fe-Cu-rich sulfide were variable. The Fe-Zn-rich sulfide was precipitated during the hydrothermal venting at relatively low temperature.

Mykert-Sanzheevka Field of Polycomponent Ores (Pb, Zn, Ag, Au, PGE): Geologic-Substance Characteristics and Formation Features of Ore-Forming System

The new results of geologic-structural, petrographic and mineralogic-geochemical researches of Mykert-Sanzheevka ore field—the Uda-Vitim mineragenic zone South-West ending of West Transbaikalia are given. Its main ore-controlling structure, represented by losange, consisting of rhombohedral and tetrahedral blocks-duplexes mosaic clusters, which are separated by narrow tectonic sutures, is specified. It is clarified that polycomponent ores clusters are confined with these small-block sutures, made by subvolcanic dykes of shoshonite-latite volcano-plutonic association (233 - 188 million years), apodyke dynamometamorphites (breccias, cataclasite, mylonites) and also mechanometasomatites. Four stages of the dynamometamorphites formation characterized by different species compositions of ore minerals appeared as a result of mechanochemical reactions are determined. A carbonyl model of mineral microaggregates formation with films containing noble metal nanoparticles is proposed. Ore-forming system features of Mykert-Sanzheevka field are considered.

Map layer integration model for automatic mapping of mineral resource potentials

A map layer integration model for automatic mapping of mineral resource potentials, called evidence theory model, was proposed. This model can be applied to automatically generate mineral resource potential map in GIS. According to the geological data of the district from Duolanasayi to Ashele in northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the author applied evidence theory model and combined ore-forming belief model to mineral resource target selection.

矿田构造岩相学填图理论及应用

开展成矿蚀变−构造岩相解析建相和建模预测研究已成为矿田构造与找矿预测的创新方向之一。文章对国内外8类重要的成矿蚀变−构造岩相模型和形成机制进行论述总结,南美洲智利科皮亚波地区IOCG型矿田受到主岛弧带−弧相关盆地及岩浆叠加−盆地变形样式的复合控制,而中国云南东川沉积岩型铜矿床(SSC型)+IOCG型铁铜矿田受陆缘裂谷盆地、盆地变形构造样式和岩浆叠加侵入构造系统的复合控制。中国内蒙古甲−查浅成低温热液型银铅锌矿田受火山洼地、火山穹隆构造、火山岩岩相类型和火山热液隐爆角砾岩的复合控制,而深成岩浆弧控制了蒙古国南戈壁斑岩型金铜钼−浅成低温热液金银矿田;中国秦岭热水沉积型(SEDEX)银铜铅锌−菱铁矿−重晶石矿田受到陆缘拉分盆地内三级热水沉积盆地、同生断裂带和热水沉积岩相的控制。大陆造山带内不同层次的脆韧性剪切带,控制了金矿田和金钼多金属矿田定位。在新疆塔西盆−山−原镶嵌区盆地系统内,侏罗系煤系烃矿源岩是金属矿田和天然气气田的成矿成藏物质供给源区;乌拉根砂砾岩型天青石−铅锌矿田受到山前挤压—伸展转换盆地、气成热流柱构造和山前冲断褶皱带的复合控制;萨热克铜多金属矿田赋存于旱地扇杂砾岩,受到对冲式厚皮型逆冲推覆断裂带和幔源热流柱带的复合控制。其中在矿集区−矿田尺度上,电气石热流柱构造、岩浆气囊构造、复合岩溶构造岩相等是成矿蚀变−构造岩相的3种新类型;在归纳前期对矿田构造岩相、矿田构造古地理单元和典型矿田构造岩相形成机制研究基础上,文章提出了矿田成矿蚀变−构造岩相类型的新划分方法和划分原则方案,并划分确定了12种变形构造岩相类型。研究成果为矿田构造研究和找矿预测提供了新理论和新方法支撑。

胶东大尹格庄金矿碳酸盐矿物的特征、物源及其在金成矿过程中的作用

胶东金矿的成因研究一直是矿床学研究的热点,其中金的物质来源与活化、沉淀机制是最受关注的问题之一。大尹格庄金矿位于胶西北地区的招平断裂带中段,是区内典型的超大型破碎蚀变岩型金矿,以存在大量碳酸盐脉而有别于区内其他金矿床,这些热液成因的碳酸盐脉对该矿区Au成矿具有重要作用,因而是破解胶东巨量Au物质来源和成矿机制的良好对象。本研究通过细致的岩相学观察,发现大尹格庄金矿中的碳酸盐矿物主要包括菱铁矿和方解石,以脉状、浸染状存在于黄铁绢英岩型矿石中,其中部分菱铁矿与黄铁矿等金属硫化物共生,其他菱铁矿则与石英共生,方解石则呈浸染状和脉状两种形式产出,菱铁矿和方解石均为热液型碳酸盐矿物。扫描电子显微镜研究表明,在菱铁矿和方解石中均发现有金矿物的存在。Au含量分析结果表明,菱铁矿和方解石是大尹格庄金矿的重要载金矿物,形成于成矿作用的主要阶段。碳酸盐矿物原位微区稀土元素数据也显示出热液型碳酸盐矿物的特征;同位素地球化学数据显示大尹格庄金矿中碳酸盐矿物与胶东地区前寒武纪变质基底中的大理岩明显不同。C-O同位素分析显示,大尹格庄金矿中菱铁矿的δ^(13)CPDB为-5.12‰~-4.82‰,δ^(18)OSMOW为12.13‰~12.80‰,具有明显的幔源特征;而方解石δ^(13)CPDB为-0.64‰,δ^(18)OSMOW为6.21‰,显示出幔源流体在上升过程中受到了一定程度的围岩的影响。金矿中菱铁矿显示轻稀土相对亏损,重稀土相对富集,有轻微的负Eu异常,(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.709842~0.710087,εNd(t)为-18.5~-17.1;方解石的(87Sr/86Sr)i为0.710861,εNd(t)为-12.7,指示形成碳酸盐矿物的CO_(2)流体可能来自于幔源的基性岩浆。结合胶东以及整个华北克拉通中生代地质演化,本文认为胶东巨量金可能来自于富集的岩石圈地幔,成矿物质随这些幔源基性岩浆的活动沿断层等壳内软弱面向上运移,而CO_(2)流体在这个过程中起到了促进作用,并随含金流体最终运移至地壳浅部发生金成矿作用。

碱性花岗岩型稀有稀土矿床类型及成矿作用研究进展

碱性花岗岩因富集稀有稀土元素而成为一种重要的成矿岩体。近年来碱性花岗岩型稀有稀土矿床在矿床类型分类、成矿流体和成矿物质来源及成矿机制等方面取得一些重要的研究进展。碱性花岗岩通常富集高场强元素(HFSEs)和稀土元素(REEs),根据暗色矿物与主矿种之间的关系该类型矿床可分为富Nb-Zr-REEs钠(铁)闪石碱性花岗岩型、富Nb-U-HREEs碱性杂岩型和富Nb-Sn黑云母碱性花岗岩型3种类型。碱性花岗岩型稀有稀土矿床成矿时代主要集中于古生代-新生代,与大陆、超大陆的裂解和聚合后期伸展构造背景有关。成矿流体经历了早期岩浆分异与晚期热液交代2个演化阶段。研究表明从岩浆中出溶的成矿流体具有低温、高盐度、富F等特征,可导致HFSEs和REEs等元素在碱性花岗岩中超常富集。母岩浆中不相容元素浓集到出溶流体中,并随着后期含F流体结晶或交代原岩而形成稀有稀土矿物。成矿物质通常来源于地幔岩浆或地幔与地壳的混合,但也可能来源于俯冲洋壳。岩浆结晶分异与热液交代为碱性花岗岩型稀有稀土矿床的2种主要成矿机制,但该类矿床大多为2种机制的复合形成。

西南天山陆相砂砾岩型铜铅锌矿床成矿特征与成矿作用研究进展

西南天山造山带中—新生代沉积盆地(库孜贡苏盆地、乌鲁—乌恰盆地、柯坪盆地、库车盆地)发育包括乌拉根超大型铅锌矿床和萨热克大型铜矿床在内的一系列以沉积岩容矿的铜铅锌矿床,构成我国西北地区一条重要的贱金属成矿带。已有研究表明区域上沉积岩容矿型铜铅锌矿床主要包括砾岩型铜矿床、砂岩型铅锌矿床和砂岩型铜矿床3个类型,本文在简要介绍各类型矿床主要地质特征的基础上,重点总结了其在成矿时代、成矿流体性质和来源及成矿物质(金属和硫)来源等方面的研究进展。结果表明:区域上砾岩型铜矿床形成于早白垩世末,即形成于盆地构造转换期,砂岩型铅锌矿床和铜矿床形成于中新世晚期,其形成与大型逆冲推覆构造关系密切。砾岩型铜矿床成矿流体以有机流体为主,砂岩型铅锌矿床成矿流体以盆地建造水为主,而砂岩型铜矿床成矿流体则表现为有机流体和盆地建造水混合的特征,成矿过程有大气降水的加入。造山带物质和沉积硫酸盐是区内各类型矿床金属及硫的主要来源。本文指出应加强砂岩型铜矿床成矿年代和砂岩型铅锌矿床成矿作用的研究,以及与新发现的海相砂岩型铜矿床的对比研究。

湘南铜山岭铜铅锌矿床闪锌矿矿物化学特征及其成矿指示意义

为探讨湘南铜山岭铜铅锌矿床的形成过程,本文对不同类型矿石中的闪锌矿开展了电子探针成分分析。结果表明,Fe主要通过直接置换Zn的方式进入闪锌矿,Cd可能通过与Fe耦合置换Zn的方式(Cd^(2+)+Fe^(2+)←→2Zn^(2+))进入闪锌矿,含铜矿石的闪锌矿中可能含有亚显微级黄铜矿包裹体。闪锌矿的Fe、Cd含量和Fe/Zn、Zn/Cd值的变化指示近端内矽卡岩、近端外矽卡岩和远端矽卡岩矿体依次形成,铜硫化物-石英脉、铜铅锌硫化物-石英脉和铅锌硫化物-石英脉矿体依次形成,碳酸盐交代型矿体形成较晚。结合矿床地质和闪锌矿矿物学特征,本文认为铜山岭铜铅锌矿床可能存在两期流体出溶,早期出溶温度较高的含Cu、Pb、Zn流体,引起近端内矽卡岩、近端外矽卡岩、远端矽卡岩、铜硫化物-石英脉和铜铅锌硫化物-石英脉矿化;晚期出溶温度较低的含Pb、Zn流体,导致铅锌硫化物-石英脉型和碳酸盐交代型矿化。

CO_(2)间接矿化工业固废制备多晶型碳酸钙研究进展

CO_(2)和工业固体废弃物的排放量逐年上升,威胁人类的生存和发展,世界各国迫切寻求降碳减排的解决路径。研究人员基于钙、镁元素与CO_(2)反应生成稳定的碳酸盐反应,开发出一系列CO_(2)矿化工艺,实现CO_(2)的永久封存。为实现CO_(2)的大规模封存和含钙固废的高值化利用,降低矿化成本,选取廉价易得的含钙工业固体废弃物为矿化原料,从多晶型微纳米碳酸钙的制备入手,总结了含钙工业固废浸取和CO_(2)间接矿化的最新研究进展,介绍了含钙工业固废间接矿化常用的浸取剂,并着重分析了间接矿化制备微纳米碳酸钙时反应条件和晶型控制剂对碳酸钙晶型和形貌产生的影响,对其控制原理进行了解释说明,总结了CO_(2)间接矿化含钙固废当前存在的技术难点,展望了未来的研究重点。国内外结果表明,调变温度、pH、搅拌速率以及CO_(2)通气速率等矿化反应条件或添加晶型控制剂能有效控制碳酸钙的晶型、形貌和尺寸。利用含钙工业固体废弃物间接矿化CO_(2)制备微纳米碳酸钙能够满足不同领域对碳酸钙的使用要求,能带来经济效益和环境效益,具有广阔的发展前景。