This study investigated the effects of dioscorea opposite waste(DOW) on the growth performance, blood parameters, rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota of weaned lambs. Sixty healthy weaned Small-Tailed Han lambs(ma...This study investigated the effects of dioscorea opposite waste(DOW) on the growth performance, blood parameters, rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota of weaned lambs. Sixty healthy weaned Small-Tailed Han lambs(male,(22.68±2.56) kg initially) were used as the experimental animals. Four levels of concentrate: 0(control, CON), 10%(DOW1), 15%(DOW2) and 20%(DOW3), were replaced with DOW in the basal diet as experimental treatments. The results showed that lambs fed the DOW2 diet had a higher(P<0.05) dry matter intake(DMI) than the other groups. There was no significant difference(P>0.05) among DOW groups in average daily weight gain(ADG), and replacing concentrate with DOW linearly or quadratically increased(P<0.05) the ADG, while lambs fed the DOW2 diet showed greater(P<0.05) ADG than the CON group. The relative plasma concentration of growth hormone(GH), insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and insulin were affected by DOW, replacing concentrate with DOW linearly or quadratically(P<0.05) enhanced the plasma concentration of GH, IGF-1 and insulin, which was significantly higher(P<0.05) in the DOW2 group than in the CON, DOW1 and DOW3 groups. In addition, the DOW treatment showed a lower(P<0.05) concentration of blood urea nitrogen(BUN) than the CON group. Replacing concentrate with DOW quadratically decreased(P<0.05) the ruminal ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) and increased(P<0.05) the total of volatile fatty acids(TVFAs) at 0 and 4 h after feeding as well as linearly decreased(P<0.05) the NH3-N at 8 h after feeding. Replacing concentrate with DOW linearly decreased(P<0.05) the propionate and increased the aceate before feeding, and linearly decreased(P<0.05) propionate and quadratically increased(P<0.05) the aceate at 4 and 8 h after feeding. Lambs fed the DOW2 diet increased the phylum Firmicutes and genera Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus_1 groups, whereas decreased(P<0.05) the relative abundance of phylum Deferribacteres and genera intestinimonas and Ruminiclostridium. In summary, replacing the concentrate with 15% DOW was beneficial for improving the rumen fermentation and ADG by increasing the DMI and modulating the rumen microbial community.展开更多
In a completely randomized block design experiment, 16 ruminally cannulated sheep （40 ±2.1 kg）fed a 50% concentrate： 50% forage diet （DM basis） were given intraruminal doses of powdered Yucca schidigera extr...In a completely randomized block design experiment, 16 ruminally cannulated sheep （40 ±2.1 kg）fed a 50% concentrate： 50% forage diet （DM basis） were given intraruminal doses of powdered Yucca schidigera extract （YSE）. Doses of 0 （control）, 100, 200, or 300 mg kg^-1 diet were given at 8 p.m. and 4 a.m. On 15, 16, and 17 d of the experimental period, ruminal contents were sampled 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after dosing, and blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment （18th and 19th d）. Acidity was not affected （P〉0.05） by the addition of YSE. Compared with the control, ruminal propionate concentration was increased by 29.4 and 29.8% （P〉 0.05） and the acetic acid concentration was decreased by 15.1 and 19.8% （P〉0.05） at 4 and 6 h after YSE （300 mg kg^-1） dosing, respectively. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the first 2 h after feeding was higher （P〈0.05） in the sheep that did not receive YSE （increased by 17.57 mg 100 mL^-1） than in those that received 200 mg kg^-1（increased by 6.77 mg 100 mL^-1） or 300 mg kg^-1 （increased by 6.50 mg 100 mL^-1） YSE. Protozoan populations in the rumen were lower （P〈0.05） in the animals that received 300 mg kg^-1 of YSE compared with the control. All serum parameters of the four groups were in the normal range and were similar among the treatment groups （P 〉 0.05）, after being fed for 19 d with different doses of YSE. The effect of YSE on ruminal ammonia concentration likely resulted from a decreased concentration of protozoan populations and, presumably, from ammonia binding by YSE.展开更多
基金supported by the Key R&D Project of Hebei Province of China (21322907D and 21322910D)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, China (C2022204174)the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-38 and CARS-39-23)。
文摘This study investigated the effects of dioscorea opposite waste(DOW) on the growth performance, blood parameters, rumen fermentation and rumen microbiota of weaned lambs. Sixty healthy weaned Small-Tailed Han lambs(male,(22.68±2.56) kg initially) were used as the experimental animals. Four levels of concentrate: 0(control, CON), 10%(DOW1), 15%(DOW2) and 20%(DOW3), were replaced with DOW in the basal diet as experimental treatments. The results showed that lambs fed the DOW2 diet had a higher(P<0.05) dry matter intake(DMI) than the other groups. There was no significant difference(P>0.05) among DOW groups in average daily weight gain(ADG), and replacing concentrate with DOW linearly or quadratically increased(P<0.05) the ADG, while lambs fed the DOW2 diet showed greater(P<0.05) ADG than the CON group. The relative plasma concentration of growth hormone(GH), insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and insulin were affected by DOW, replacing concentrate with DOW linearly or quadratically(P<0.05) enhanced the plasma concentration of GH, IGF-1 and insulin, which was significantly higher(P<0.05) in the DOW2 group than in the CON, DOW1 and DOW3 groups. In addition, the DOW treatment showed a lower(P<0.05) concentration of blood urea nitrogen(BUN) than the CON group. Replacing concentrate with DOW quadratically decreased(P<0.05) the ruminal ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N) and increased(P<0.05) the total of volatile fatty acids(TVFAs) at 0 and 4 h after feeding as well as linearly decreased(P<0.05) the NH3-N at 8 h after feeding. Replacing concentrate with DOW linearly decreased(P<0.05) the propionate and increased the aceate before feeding, and linearly decreased(P<0.05) propionate and quadratically increased(P<0.05) the aceate at 4 and 8 h after feeding. Lambs fed the DOW2 diet increased the phylum Firmicutes and genera Succiniclasticum and Ruminococcus_1 groups, whereas decreased(P<0.05) the relative abundance of phylum Deferribacteres and genera intestinimonas and Ruminiclostridium. In summary, replacing the concentrate with 15% DOW was beneficial for improving the rumen fermentation and ADG by increasing the DMI and modulating the rumen microbial community.
文摘In a completely randomized block design experiment, 16 ruminally cannulated sheep （40 ±2.1 kg）fed a 50% concentrate： 50% forage diet （DM basis） were given intraruminal doses of powdered Yucca schidigera extract （YSE）. Doses of 0 （control）, 100, 200, or 300 mg kg^-1 diet were given at 8 p.m. and 4 a.m. On 15, 16, and 17 d of the experimental period, ruminal contents were sampled 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after dosing, and blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment （18th and 19th d）. Acidity was not affected （P〉0.05） by the addition of YSE. Compared with the control, ruminal propionate concentration was increased by 29.4 and 29.8% （P〉 0.05） and the acetic acid concentration was decreased by 15.1 and 19.8% （P〉0.05） at 4 and 6 h after YSE （300 mg kg^-1） dosing, respectively. Ruminal ammonia concentration in the first 2 h after feeding was higher （P〈0.05） in the sheep that did not receive YSE （increased by 17.57 mg 100 mL^-1） than in those that received 200 mg kg^-1（increased by 6.77 mg 100 mL^-1） or 300 mg kg^-1 （increased by 6.50 mg 100 mL^-1） YSE. Protozoan populations in the rumen were lower （P〈0.05） in the animals that received 300 mg kg^-1 of YSE compared with the control. All serum parameters of the four groups were in the normal range and were similar among the treatment groups （P 〉 0.05）, after being fed for 19 d with different doses of YSE. The effect of YSE on ruminal ammonia concentration likely resulted from a decreased concentration of protozoan populations and, presumably, from ammonia binding by YSE.
