Research of Protected Cultivation Techniques of Toona sinensis on Mountain Slopes

In order to prolong the supply period and increase the economic value of Toona sinensis,the protected cultivation of T. sinensis was carried out on mountainous slope to achieve stagger-season planting and the year round supply. The results showed that in late October to midNovember,the temperature was moderate( 1-10℃) and suitable for the lifting of seedlings and temporary planting dormancy. The line spacing of rooted seedlings in greenhouse was( 22-24) cm ×( 4-5) cm and planting density was 900 000-1 200 000 seedlings/ha. The line spacing of seedlings was( 14-13) cm ×( 3-4) cm and planting density was 1 950 000-2 100 000 seedlings/ha. T. sinensis began to sprout at 8-10℃ and stretch at 10-12℃. When the temperature was stable at 14℃ or above,T. sinensis started bolting and emerging leaves. The terminal buds sprouted in 40-50 d for the T. sinensis planted in greenhouse with the day temperature of 15-22℃ and night temperature over 10℃; the terminal buds sprouted in about 15 d for those planted in the greenhouse with day temperature of 20-25℃ and night temperature over 10℃. T. sinensis could be picked 3 times when planted in greenhouse,and the yield was about 24 720 kg/ha.

Wave Loads and Protective Techniques of An On-Shore Wave Power Device

In this paper, the extreme wave loads on an on-shore wave power device are investigated. First, boundary element method is applied to solve the three dimensional potential problem based on the small amplitude wave assumption. Then the motion of the Oscillating Water Column (OWC) inside the device and its laods on the device are calculated in time domain. Several protective techniques often applied are simulated by changing the constraint of the upper end of the chamber of the device. Numerical results are used to judge the effectiveness of these techniques. The investigation shows that damping can not effectively restrain the motion of OWC when the period of incident wave is long, which may cause dangerous loads on the structure. The shut chamber can effectively restrain the motion of OWC, but alternatively cause high pressure in the chamber. A Contracting opening with a Taper (CT) can exhaust a great amount of kinetic energy of OWC, and significantly decrease the loads. It is a promising protective technique.

Numerical simulation of protection range in exploiting the upper protective layer with a bow pseudo-incline technique

The developing processes of stress and deformation fields of a protected layer after mining an upper-protective layer with a bow pseudo-incline technique were simulated to locate the protection region. The pressure relief of the protected layer was analyzed after mining the upper-protective layer. The pressure relief angle along the strike and incline were located according to the roles of protection of the deformation and stress pressure-relief of the protective layer after mining. This results show that the upper-protective layer with the bow pseudo-incline technique have an upper and downside pressure relief angle of 85 and 68 degrees respectively; the distribution of strike pressure relief angles along the pseudo-incline working face is uneven and their values range from 38.3 to 51 degrees. The pressure relief angle of the inclined middle location was the largest. The distribution of the protection region of the upper-protective layer with the bow pseudo-incline teelmique located by practical tests and numerical simulation is essentially consistent, compared with the results obtained by these methods.

Study on the Bioengineering Protection Technique for Rock Slopes in Railway

Ecological protection technique of rock slope is a new slope protection technique,and it is used widely in some supporting engineering of rock slope at railway and highway.But it is always an important research in the field of geotechnical engineering, because the study is related to many subjects and is not systemic and idiographic enough.The paper takes the rock slope of Luozhan(from Luoyang to Zhanjiang)

Cartographic-Environmental Analysis of the Landscape in Natural Protected Parks for His Management Using GIS.Application to the Natural Parks of the“Las Batuecas-Sierra de Francia”and“Quilamas”(Central System,Spain)

In this work we report a methodological procedure with an integrated physical-perceptual approach that allows units of landscape in protected natural areas to be differentiated. First, indirect methods were applied by means of a mapping procedure, which identified the physical components of major relevance. We then generated maps of natural units, anlyzing the “printed” landscape of a territory. Secondly, we developed direct methods to identify and describe the reresentative elements of the landscape, analyzing the “perceived” landscape. The identification and delimitation of these landscape units with geographical information systems provide detailed maps facilitate the tasks of planning and management. The procedure was validated by means of its application in two protected natural spaces. The treatment used here considers landscape not only as an aesthetic element but also as something “live” elaborating maps that should be of use in land planning and management of natural areas.

The ancient Chinese casting techniques

In the course of Chinese civilization,which lasted more than 5,000 years,casting production has made a huge contribution.In this paper,some representative metal castings were presented.According to their forming techniques,they can be grouped into stone mould casting,clay mould casting,ablation casting,lost wax casting,stack casting,permanent mould casting,sand casting,etc.According to their materials,they can be categorized into tin bronze,bimetallic bronze,malleable cast iron,ductile cast iron,brass,cupronickel alloy (Packtong),etc.According to their surface decorative techniques they can be devided into gem inlay,gilding,gold and silver inlay,copper inlay,engraved decoration,surface tin-enrichment,mother-of-pearl inlay,burnished works with gold or silver inlay,surface coloring and cloisonné enamel,etc.

Geographical Indications and Unique Production Techniques of Tangya Tribute Rice

Tangya Tribute Rice is a famous and special product in Shandong Province,and it was awarded the National Geographical Indication Certificate trademark in 2011.This paper elaborated the specific production area,unique production environment,rich cultural history and unique product quality of Tangya Tribute Rice.In addition,from the aspects of choice of origin,variety selection,production management,timely harvesting and processing,it summarized the unique production methods of Tangya Tribute Rice.Besides,it discussed its development prospects,in order to maintain the brand quality of Tangya Tribute Rice to the greatest extent,and further improve the brand awareness and market competitiveness of Tangya Tribute Rice in the domestic and international markets.

Experimental and Numerical Study of the Effect of Surround Protection Technique on the Strain Measurement for Offshore Jacket Platform

For strain measurement on offshore jacket platform in deep water, waterproof of strain foil is always an important issue, especially, due to the high pressure in deep water. The waterproof is difficult in two places, one is between the matrix structure and the protection structure, and another is between the lead wires and the protection structure. The surround protection technique discussed in this paper is conventional and ideal, and can be operative for a long time, up to five years. In this method, a metal case and tube is added on the local position, which increases the local rigidity, but the effect on the measurement of strain is not well studied. In this paper, the effect of the surround protection technique on the strain measurement is studied by using numerical and experimental methods, and the results show that the measurement error is well in the range permitted by engineering practice.

Research on Monitoring and Early-warning Standards of Ancient and Famous Trees Protection in the Humble Administrator's Garden

Based on the current situation and symptoms of the trees' growth in the Humble Administrator's Garden,this paper put forward corresponding monitoring and early-warning standards and technical measures of the ancient and famous trees protection in the Humble Administrator's Garden specifically.The aim of doing this is to establish a scientific basis for the protection of the ancient and famous trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden by setting up systematic fundamental data,dynamic protection standard grades and technique measures of protecting the trees.The main symptom of trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden is the erosion and decay of the tree trunks.Fifteen tree trunks need technical protection,which holds 65.22% of the total sum of trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden.Therefore,much more emphasis should be paid in strengthening technical protection procedures of monitoring and early warning of the tree trunks in the future protection of the ancient and famous trees in the garden.Besides,the rejuvenation technique of rooting zone and rooting system,tree pruning technique as well as tree supporting measures according to the specific condition and symptom of the trees should be concerned with in order to protect the ancient and famous trees in the Humble Administrator's Garden in a more scientific and effective way.

Study on Present Situation of Ancient and Famous Trees in the Lingering Garden and Its Protective Measures

The field investigation of the present situation of ancient and famous tress in Lingering Garden was conducted, the results showed that there were 18 trees, belonging to 13 species, 12 genera and 10 families. The trees’ ages were between 100 years old and 330 years old; 14 trees (accounting for 77.78% of the total trees) required regular management, 2 trees (accounting for 11.11%) required bole antiseptic protection, 1 tree (accounting for 5.56% of the total plants) required protection for its trunk, and 1 tree (accounting for 5.56%) required bole antiseptic protection and rejuvenation. According to the survey results, the monitoring and early warning standard grades were divided, its reasons were analyzed, and finally, the relative protection and restoration countermeasures were put forward.

Green coal mining technique integrating mining-dressing-gas draining-backfilling-mining

Aiming to address the following major engineering issues faced by the Pingdingshan No. 12 mine:(1) difficulty in implementing auxiliary lifting because of its depth(i.e., beyond 1000 m);(2) highly gassy main coal seam with low permeability;(3) unstable overlying coal seam without suitable conditions for implementing conventional mining techniques for protective coal seam; and(4) predominant reliance on ‘‘under three" coal resources to ensure production output. This study proposes an integrated, closed-cycle mining-dressing-gas draining-backfilling-mining(MDGBM) technique. The proposed approach involves the mining of protective coal seam, underground dressing of coal and gangue(UDCG), pressure relief and gas drainage before extraction, and backfilling and mining of the protected coal seam. A system for draining gas and mining the protective seam in the rock stratum is designed and implemented based on the geological conditions. This system helps in realizing pressure relief and gas drainage from the protective seam before extraction. Accordingly, another system, which is connected to the existing production system, is established for the UDCG based on the dense medium-shallow trough process. The mixed mining workface is designed to accommodate both solid backfill and conventional fully mechanized coal mining, thereby facilitating coal mining, USCG, and backfilling. The results show that: The mixed mining workface length for the Ji15-31010 protected seam was 220 m with coal production capacity 1.2 million tons per year, while the backfill capacity of gangue was 0.5 million tons per year. The gas pressure decreased from 1.78 to 0.35 MPa, and the total amount of safely mined coal was 1.34 million tons. The process of simultaneously exploiting coal and draining gas was found to be safe, efficient, and green.This process also yielded significant economic benefits.

A bull-heading water control technique of thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent

Aimed at the disadvantages of secondary damage to oil layers caused by the conventional bull-heading water control technique, a thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent for water control was synthesized by water solution polymerization and applied in the field with a new secondary temporary plugging technique. The optimization and performance evaluation of thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent were carried out through laboratory experiments. The optimized formula is as follows:(6%-8%) acrylamide +(0.08%-0.12%) ammonium persulfate +(1.5%-2.0%) sepiolite +(0.5%-0.8%) polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The thermo-sensitive temporary plugging agent is suitable for formation temperatures of 70-90 ?C, it has high temporary plugging strength(5-40 k Pa), controllable degradation time(1-15 d), the apparent viscosity after degradation of less than 100 m Pa?S and the permeability recovery value of simulated cores of more than 95%. Based on the research results, secondary temporary plugging technique was used in a horizontal well in the Jidong Oilfield. After treatment, the well saw a drop of water cut to 27%, and now it has a water cut of 67%, its daily increased oil production was 4.8 t, and the cumulative oil increment was 750 t, demonstrating that the technique worked well in controlling water production and increasing oil production.

Anti-Corrosion and Reconstruction of Surface Crystal Plane for Zn Anodes by an Advanced Metal Passivation Technique

For the aqueous Zn-ion battery,dendrite formation,corrosion,and interfacial parasitic reactions are major issues,which greatly inhibits their practical application.How to develop a method of Zn construction or treatment to solve these issues for Zn anodes are still great challenges.Herein,a simple and cheap metal passivation technique is proposed for Zn anodes from a corrosion science perspective.Similar to the metal anticorrosion engineering,the formed interfacial protective layer in a chemical way can sufficiently solve the corrosion issues.Furthermore,the proposed passivity approach can reconstruct Zn surface-preferred crystal planes,exposing more(002)planes and improving surface hydrophilicity,which inhibits the formation of Zn dendrites and hydrogen evolution effectively.As expected,the passivated Zn achieves outstanding cycling life(1914 h)with low voltage polarization(<40 mV).Even at 6 mA cm^(−2) and 3 mA h cm^(−2),it can achieve stable Zn deposition over 460 h.The treated Zn anode coupled with MnO_(2) cathode shows prominently reinforced full batteries service life,making it a potential Zn anode candidate for excellent performance aqueous Zn-ion batteries.The proposed passivation approach provides a guideline for other metal electrodes preparation in various batteries and establishes the connections between corrosion science and batteries.

Coating Protection for Production Facilities of Offshore Oil Fields

This paper describes coating protection of production facilities of offshore oil fields based on the practice of development of Bohai Offshore Oil Field, with focus laid on the selection of coating systems, surface preparation, coating application, as well as coating inspection for four types of major production facilities.

Fault Waveform Regenerator and Its Digital Closed-Loop Modification Technique

In order to provide a novel and more effective alternative to the commonly used relay protection testing device that outputs only the sinusoidal testing signals, the concept of fault waveform regenerator is proposed in this paper, together with its hardware structure and software flow chart. Fault waveform regenerator mainly depends on its power amplifiers (PAs) to regenerate the fault waveforms recorded by digital fault recorder (DFR). To counteract the PA’s inherent nonlinear distortions, a digital closed-loop modification technique that is different from the predistortion technique is conceived. And the experimental results verify the effectiveness of the fault waveform regenerator based on the digital closed-loop modification technique.

Protection of Bamboo in Service

Bamboo culms are an excellent mateial for countless applications.Their wider use for construction is encouraged by the growing scarcity of timber.Since bamboo has a low natural resistance,protection against biological degradation is of vital importance forlong term service.Protective measures without chemicals are preferable,but often limited in their effectiveness.When using preservatives,the restricted permeability of culm tissue,choice of preservative and treatment method and environmental effects as well as economical aspects have to be considered.

Analysis of Construction Technology for River Regulation and Bank Protection in Water Conservancy Projects

There are many problems and deficiencies in traditional bank protection methods,which cause certain damage to the ecological environment of river channels.Recently,the issues of river management,improving bank protection technology,formulating reasonable construction measures,and ensuring the smooth and efficient implementation of construction have been receiving increasing attention.

过瘤胃氨基酸在反刍动物中的应用进展

反刍动物的瘤胃微生物消化具有特殊性,在饲粮中直接添加未经处理的氨基酸,大部分会被瘤胃微生物降解,这不仅会造成氨基酸浪费,还会增加氮排放造成的环境污染,因此需要对氨基酸进行过瘤胃保护。目前过瘤胃保护技术主要包括包被技术、化学技术和生物技术。蛋氨酸和赖氨酸是反刍动物的主要限制性氨基酸,在饲粮中添加过瘤胃赖氨酸(RPL)和过瘤胃蛋氨酸(RPM)能够提高反刍动物生长性能,促进饲料养分消化吸收,改善反刍动物产品品质。文章就反刍动物氨基酸营养、过瘤胃氨基酸加工技术以及过瘤胃氨基酸在反刍动物生产中的应用进行综述,以期为反刍动物的氨基酸营养研究提供参考。

从非物质文化遗产保护工作方针谈文化遗产的保护传承

非物质文化遗产具有的多元性、多样性、共享性,使非遗的保护传承获得广泛的响应。非遗保护的核心任务是对人而非物的保护,传承人是非遗的载体,负有非遗传承和发展的责任。本文对非遗传承人制度、传承机制等核心问题进行了探讨,强调了传统传承方式与现代教学手段结合的重要性,通过提高传承人地位、加强教育培训、促进跨界合作等措施,破解当前非遗传承所面临的瓶颈,确保其可持续性发展。同时还讨论了培育传承环境和鼓励社会参与非遗保护的重要性。我国的文化遗产资源丰富,保护和传承工作任重道远,需要全社会共同努力。法律法规建设是非遗保护的重要环节,需不断完善相关法律制度,以保障非遗保护传承工作的行稳致远。