Comparison of base running in baseball players and track-and-field athletes

This study aimed to examine the relationship be-tween sprint ability and base running of baseball players and track-and- field (T&F) athletes, and to identify the association between sprint ability and running skill on base running. The subjects were 25 male university baseball players and 15 male T&F athletes without baseball experience. The straight sprint time of 54.8 m and 109.6 m (corresponding to the distance to second and home) was measured. In the home run test, the times to reach each base were measured. In the second base run test, the actual running distance and 3 m section time around the first base were measured. Base running efficiency was obtained by dividing the base running time by the straight sprint time. T&F athletes showed higher values than baseball players only in the 109.6 m straight sprint time (P < 0.05, ES=1.35). Baseball players were significantly superior to T&F athletes in terms of base running efficiency. As for 3 m section times, baseball players showed significant and higher values. The straight sprint time showed significant and high correlations (r = 0.87, 0.90) between the 109.6 m run and the run home and be-tween the 54.8 m run and the second base run in baseball players, but not in T&F athletes. It was found that superior sprint ability does not always lead to good base running. In base running, it is important to run outward to some extent. In particular, the skill acquisition of base running in 3 m sections around the base will contribute to shortening base running time.

短跑运动员力量训练方法与手段探析

力量是运动的基础,也是短跑运动员掌握技术和提高速度的关键所在。各种力量训练方法手段必须有利于力量素质向短跑运动的转移、发挥和利用,有效地提高短跑成绩。对当今力量训练方法与手段存在的一些误区进行剖析,提出力量训练方法手段的选择与设计应注意的问题。

对短跑放松跑技术的研究

对短跑放松跑技术进行研究,正确认识短跑放松跑技术的概念,技术训练应注意的问题。

短跑途中跑支撑阶段支撑腿关节肌肉生物力学特性的研究

采用测力、测角加速度和多机多分辨拍摄技术对短跑途中跑支撑阶段肌肉动力学特征进行关节内力矩的计算与分析。研究表明,运动员踝关节跖屈肌的最大力矩与跑的速度呈显著相关;膝关节的伸肌在接近一半的支撑时间内是做离心收缩,离心收缩肌力矩的峰值要高于向心收缩的肌力矩峰值,离地前20%时刻膝关节屈肌起重要作用;髋关节在支撑阶段存在关节屈伸肌群交替工作,在着地后瞬间有较大的屈肌力矩,在离地前髋关节伸肌起重要作用,支撑阶段下肢关节肌肉快速退让性的离心收缩与主动收缩起同样重要的作用。

对短跑途中跑“送髋”技术教学训练效果的探索

通过专家访谈、查阅文献等方法,针对现代短跑技术的本质特点,设计了与短跑途中跑"送髋"技术动作的结构特点和发力特点相对接的技术训练方法,通过对成都体育学院运动系二年级短跑组学生22人进行为期一年的教学训练实验,并对实验对象的专项成绩、送髋技术效果以及其它相关运动学指标进行了比较分析,结果表明:受试对象的100米成绩和途中跑"送髋"技术及相关运动学指标均有了显著提高。

民办本科高校培养目标定位与育人模式改革的研究与实践

在我国高等教育快速走向大众化发展的过程中,民办本科高校应进一步深化改革,创新人才培养模式,构建能力本位的"本科学历+职业技能"人才培育模式。通过改革课程体系、实践教学、思想道德教育、学分制、就业机制等,实现育人目标。

单片机课程实践与理论教学的深入分析与改革应用

面对不断变化的科学技术、学生群体,在深刻分析了单片机课程教学中存在的问题,对课程中教材的选择、教学手段的设计、教学课程的安排、实验设备的改进进行了详细阐述,并将改革手段从小范围试验后进行完善推广。通过调查和统计,该改革方案对学生的学习、学科竞赛开展影响广泛,有利于学生的创新、创业能力的培养。

短跑途中跑技术诊断与调控

使用M90 0型录像机 (5 0桢 /s)拍录研究对象训练前后 10 0m途中跑技术 ;对录像资料采用”爱捷录像解析仪”进行解析 ;对数字化信息进行有关统计学处理 ;对训练结果进行分析。结果表明 :1)受试者百米途中跑技术诊断的客观性 ,是选择正确训练调控系统的先决条件。 2 )在训练中 ,高校运动员思想、情绪和表现等多方面信息 ,是教练员选择对策调整计划 ,控制训练过程的依据。 3)在训练调控中 ,教练员应重视严要求的同时 ,不可忽视创造轻松的训练氛围。 4 )教练员应关注管理、控制的时机 ,既要使运动员保持适度的兴奋性 。