A study on the influencing factors of rural tourism promoting households'shared prosperity in Yinan County of Shandong Province

This study examines the influencing factors of rural tourism in promoting shared prosperity among households,using the case study of Yinan County in Shandong province,China.The research aims to provide insights into the economic benefits experienced by low-income households in the context of rural tourism development.Based on field research conducted from April 8,2023,to May 17,2023,including interviews and site visits,the study constructs an evaluation index system to assess the influencing factors.Through expert scoring and the application of a weighted set-valued mathematical statistical model,the importance and quantification of each factor are determined.The results indicate that the current stage of promoting shared prosperity through rural tourism in Yinan County is primarily influenced by the scale of tourist consumption of external visitors.This factor outweighs others such as the participation capacity and willingness of low-income households,the capacity of investment enterprises,and the policies and financial allocation of the local government.The findings emphasize the significance of external visitor spending and highlight the need to address the obstacles faced by low-income households in accessing economic benefits.The evaluation index system and measurement model presented in this study offer a scientific basis for assessing and improving the income situation of low-income households in rural tourism development initiatives.However,it is crucial to note that the importance of these influencing factors may evolve with the lifecycle of the tourism destination.Future research should include long-term tracking and consider a broader range of indicators to deepen our understanding of their mechanisms and significance.Furthermore,alternative approaches and theories may provide valuable perspectives for further exploration in this field.

Financial decision‑making behaviors of Ethnic Tibetan Households based on mental accounting

Ethnic Tibetans(ETs)typically reside in the remote plateaus of China and possess strong cultural and spiritual values.Their financial decision-making is influenced by economic and physical factors,unique culture,social norms,and psychological motivators.We conducted an in-person survey of 480 randomly selected ET households across four provinces in rural China.The survey data was analyzed using three different econometric models—probit,ordered probit,and ranked ordered logit—to examine the choice of borrowing from formal or informal credit sources,the number of sources borrowed from,and repayment priority.Our findings indicate that mental accounting plays a significant role in the financial decision-making process of ET households.Additionally,we find that the informal credit source is strongly associated with the financial decisions of ET households.The majority of loans from formal financial institutions are used to meet daily needs,as opposed to purchasing productive inputs.Our results also suggest that strong social relationships and religious beliefs prevent households from defaulting,and that loans from formal financial sources receive repayment priority.China would benefit from promoting inclusive finance and encouraging the adoption of improved agricultural practices to support the prosperity of ET and other minority communities.

Prediction and Analysis of Chinese Rural Households' Consumption Level Based on the ARIMA Model

By using the software SAS9.2 and the relevant data of consumption level of rural residents in China from 1952 to 2008,the ARIMA model is established.The model is used to analyze and forecast the time series of the consumption level of Chinese rural residents.The results show that in the near future,the consumption level of Chinese rural residents will be further raised.In 2012,the level will break through per capita 5 000 yuan,almost 100 times more than that in the primary time period.But consumption level does not equal to living standard.To let farmers lead a good life,the government should follow the objective laws;take the overall situation into consideration;coordinate the relations among farmers' consumption level,national subsidies and farmers' production enthusiasm.Therefore,The paper suggests that the historical and objective factors should be attached more importance to.Besides,raising farmers' income and allaying farmers' fear were effective measures in developing the consumptive potential of rural market and promoting the economic sustainable development.

Differentiation of Rural Households′ Consciousness in Land Use Activities: A Case from Bailin Village, Shapingba District of Chongqing Municipality, China

What rural households think and what kind of strategies they take, the basic driving force in land use activities, contribute greatly to the increase of their own revenues, the development of agricultural yields, and even the prosperity of rural areas. Differentiation in rural household behaviors and their consciousness in land use activities is widespread in rural China nowadays. It is important to understand the changing characteristics and laws of land use behaviors of rural households driven by their consciousness, so as to regulate their land use activities. In most empirical studies of land use change at rural household level, the land use consciousness, which acts directly on land use behaviors, is often neglected. In our research, the changes of land use behaviors of rural households are analyzed, through identifying how the land use consciousness affect the land use objectives, land management scales and land inputs of all the rural households in Bailin Village of Chongqing Municipality in the western mountainous China. Also, how the land use consciousness of different rural households comes into being under external stimuli is examined and the self-adjustment process of their consciousness according to their own conditions is also discussed. Finally, broad policy instruments are suggested to promote the rationalization of rural households′ land use consciousness and the standardization of their land use behaviors.

Booming local economy a key to whetting rural consumption—Empirical study based on the decomposition of rural household income

Based on the decomposition of China’s rural household income,we made quantitative analyses of the factors affecting rural consumption by using co-integration and other econometric tools.By comparing the results with the ongoing economic stimulus package rolled out by the central government,we analyzed the effects of different policies on rural consumption.The empirical study and policy analysis show that:(1) income from household business operation, wages,and fiscal relief funds are the three main factors affecting rural household consumption;(2) the ongoing stimulus package,which includes both short-term measures like consumption subsidies and long-term policies aiming to increase rural household income and improve the rural consumption environment,are effective in promoting rural consumption;(3) in boosting rural consumption,emphasis should be put on various long-term policies.Fiscal expenditure should put more weight on consumption than on agriculture,forestry and irrigation;and(4) intra-county economies are crucial in kicking off rural consumption.Policies should be stressed for integrating rural consumption and the development of local economies.

农业社会化服务与小农户的组织化:不同服务模式的比较

本研究通过对比政府主导型、市场主导型和村集体经济组织主导型社会化服务模式,讨论了小农户如何被组织起来以及组织成本由谁承担的问题。在由政府主导的社会化服务模式中,小农户因受到政府补贴的吸引而达成了临时的合作,但这种组织化具有暂时性。在市场主导型社会化服务模式中,小农户或被整合到规模经营主体的种植模式中,或被服务组织重塑。在这两种服务模式中,小农户都是被动的参与者,其组织化程度并未提高。村集体经济组织可能通过重建与小农户的双向权责均衡关系,通过收取服务费用的方式来解决组织成本问题。这种双向的权责均衡关系使村集体经济组织与小农户之间建立起有机的利益联结,从而使该组织对小农户的组织和动员成为可能。

数字不平等对农户经济韧性的影响研究

随着数字技术不断进入乡村,农户间的数字不平等现象越来越突出。基于此从数字接入、信息获取、学习发展和娱乐互动四个维度阐述了数字不平等对农户经济韧性的影响路径,并利用2014、2016和2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,构建固定效应模型进行实证检验。研究结果表明:数字不平等显著降低了农户经济韧性,通过工具变量法检验内生性和更换阈值、缩尾处理后,结果依然稳健;分维度结果显示,数字接入不平等、信息获取不平等和娱乐互动不平等对农户经济韧性的负向影响显著,而学习发展不平等的影响微弱;异质性分析表明,东部与西部地区的数字不平等对农户经济韧性的影响更大,中部地区的影响则不显著。因此,应当加快完善农村信息基础设施,繁荣发展乡村网络文化,开展乡村数字素养教育,不断消除农户间的数字不平等,增强农户经济韧性。

农户分化对农户林地承包经营不履责行为的影响

依据2021年南方集体林区4个省400个样本农户的调查数据,分别采用Logit模型及中介效应模型研究农户分化对农户林地承包经营不履责行为的现实影响。研究表明:农户分化对农户林地承包不履责行为的发生及规模具有显著正向影响;高分化程度农户与较低分化程度农户相比,农户林地承包不履责行为受户主特征及林地特征因素影响更为显著;农户分化能够通过提高村内林业生产资本投资对农户林地承包经营不履责行为产生抑制性影响。故此,应在建立农户林地承包经营履责约束机制以及差异化激励机制以促进农户林地承包责任制落实的同时,通过强化引导和扩大林业资本投资的林业财政金融支持政策来抑制和克服农户分化对农户林地承包经营不履责行为的影响。

普惠金融对农户家庭经济韧性的影响研究

采用2013-2019年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据,基于非线性动力学理论及贫困陷阱理论测度农户家庭经济韧性,深入探讨普惠金融对农户家庭经济韧性的影响机制。研究发现:普惠金融有效提高了农户家庭经济韧性,普惠金融水平每提高1%,农户家庭经济韧性就提高0.4%,并且这一结果具有稳健性;普惠金融增强农户家庭经济韧性主要通过促进家庭资产积累和促进创业两条路径;异质性分析表明,普惠金融对男性户主、中青年家庭、较高人力资本、收入水平更低、位于中西部地区等特征的农户家庭经济韧性增强效果更好。

2019年天津市农村家庭环境卫生行为影响因素研究

目的调查天津市涉农区农村家庭的卫生行为状况,分析其影响因素。方法于2019年对天津市的三个典型涉农区采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取60个样本村和300户农村家庭后进行横断面调查,主要内容包括农村环境卫生基本情况、家庭基本情况和家庭卫生行为。采用多水平Logistic回归模型分析农村环境卫生条件、人口经济学状况对家庭卫生行为指标的影响。结果村内是否组织改厕对农户家庭是否使用卫生厕所的影响有显著性(P<0.05);提供间歇性供水的村中,喝包装水的家庭所占比例较连续性供水的村更低(P<0.05);农村家庭是否使用卫生厕所以及农村家庭的饮水习惯在行政村水平存在聚集性(P<0.05)。结论村内有组织的改厕可以促进村民使用卫生厕所;间歇式供水可能会引起居民家庭饮水方式的改变,与农民家庭卫生行为相关的环境卫生条件的保障需要引起足够关注;对具有村-户两级嵌套结构的数据分析时,更适合采用层次结构模型。

Rural Labor Migration and Households＇ Land Rental Behavior： Evidence from China

There has been growing debate about whether the changing demographic composition due to rural labor migration could potentially threaten China＇s agricultural productivity. The Chinese Government is promoting the ＂three rights separation system＂ to consolidate agricultural land through the land rental market with the explicit intention of fostering new agricultural management subjects and improving agricultural produetivity. The present paper estimates the effect of rural labor migration on households＇ participation in land renting in and renting out activities based on a unique dataset from three rounds of nationally representative surveys. Our results indicate that rural labor migration has a significant negative effect on households renting in land and has a positive effect on households renting out land in rural China. Therefore, the government should adopt targeted policies to effectively encourage farmers with higher agricultural capacity to rent in land to alleviate the negative effect of rural migration on households renting in land. Supporting policies should guarantee that rural migrants enjoy the same welfare services as urban residents.

群体规范、生态认知与农户垃圾分类行为

生态宜居是实施乡村振兴战略的关键环节。农村人居环境整治是促进生态宜居和实现美丽乡村的重要手段,调动农户参与环境整治的积极性对乡村人居环境改善至关重要。而农村生活垃圾是农村人居环境整治的重要方面和内容。因此,文章以农村生活垃圾分类为例,基于2021年CLES数据,采用Orderd Probit模型,通过中介效应,研究不同类型的群体规范对农户生活垃圾分类行为的影响。研究结果显示:(1)非正式规范中村规民约、邻里效应和名誉约束对农户垃圾分类行为有显著正向影响,正式规范中宣传教育、奖惩措施对农户生活垃圾分类行为影响显著;(2)非正式规范的影响存在家庭收入水平和性别异质性;(3)环境认知在群体规范对农户生活垃圾分类行为的影响中起到部分中介作用。据此,对不同收入水平、不同性别的农户群体实行适宜的规范措施,以提高农户的生态认知水平。

区域农村土地市场发育的农户行为响应与农业土地利用变化——以江苏省苏州市、南京市、扬州市村庄及农户调查为例

在江苏省苏州市、南京市、扬州市各自选择了2个村的基础上,运用对240个农户的抽样调查资料,建立了区域农业土地利用变化分析的数量经济模型,较为深入地分析了农村土地流转市场引导下的农户行为对于农业土地利用变化的影响。研究结果表明,在农户决策行为起主导作用的前提下,农业土地利用正在逐步由传统的大田作物向效益更高的经济作物和水产养殖等地类转化;农户家庭非农就业水平的提高有效地推进了这一转化;同时,农户受教育水平的高低以及政府行为都在一定程度上影响着农业土地利用变化。最后从区域非农产业和城镇化发展、深化农村土地产权的物权化改革、农村社会保障制度的完善、建立农村土地流转中介机制、进一步规范政府行为及积极推进农村户籍制度改革等方面提出了一些政策性建议。

湘南红壤丘陵区农户经济行为对土地退化的影响——以祁东县紫云村为例

通过在湖南省祁东县紫云村进行的土地利用及农户经济行为调查 ,从土地状况、从业选择、农具、农田设施、耕作方式和效益等方面 ,分析了湘南红壤丘陵区农户社会经济行为对土地质量的影响。结果表明 :紫云村农户重“品种”轻“土壤” ,水田土壤有机质含量减少 ,理化性状变差 ,土壤自然肥力降低 ,旱地、林地粗放经营 ,质量退化。改变农户只重“品种”而忽视“土壤”的观念、提高耕地复种指数、建立合理的轮作体系和水土保持型高效集约持续的耕作制度、加强林业管理和经营、加大农业投入、搞好农田水利建设是防止本区土地退化和保证本区农业可持续发展的对策。

水城县沙坡村农户经济行为调查研究

通过对贵州省水城县沙坡村 80家农户的抽样调查分析 ,发现农户的经济行为是农民适应周围自然、资源环境和社会经济结构的反应。重点讨论了农户的就业方式及其就业结构、农户在农业和非农业领域的就业行为特征及其形成原因。由于农民掌握的知识、技能主要集中在农业生产领域 ,限制了他们在非农领域的经常性就业。临时性的非农就业虽然能够在一定程度上增加农户的家庭收入 ,增强农民与外部世界的接触和交流 ,但对于贫困山区的资源配置、环境保护和农村社会经济结构转型的作用还不明显。作者对此提出了相关建议。

农户经济收入与经营行为研究——来自黑河流域中游地区的调查

农户是农村经济活动的行为主体,是农业生产中最基本的决策单元。因此,农户经济及其经营行为与持续农业及农村经济发展关系密切。依据黑河流域中游地区农户抽样调查的统计数据,分析了近5年来农户收入的现状和趋势,在此基础上总结了当前农户经营行为的特点,并运用经济学模型对农户经营行为及其对农户收入的影响进行了理论分析。最后根据得出的结论,对政府部门制定农业政策与农村体制提出了一些建议。

农户宅基地退出的行为与意愿悖离研究

研究目的:探寻农户退出宅基地行为与意愿的影响因素及其悖离原因。研究方法:文献资料法、比较分析法和Logistic模型分析法。研究结果:农户分化通过影响行为态度、主观规范和知觉控制,作用于理性行为人的意愿和行为;农户分化、主观规范和知觉控制是造成农户宅基地退出行为与意愿悖离的主要原因;农户意愿向行为转换的过程中,会弱化邻居的行为态度,强化村干部的组织号召作用,并且会重点考虑自身的职业特点而忽视其经济条件。研究结论:在尊重农户意愿的前提下,通过改善集中居住区建设、加强村干部培养、完善退出方案制定和促进非农就业等切实扭转农户行为与意愿悖离局面,进一步推动有宅基地退出意愿的农户退出宅基地。

耕地质量保护中农户的认知程度、行为决策响应及其影响机制研究

研究目的:深入分析耕地质量保护中农户的认知及其行为决策响应程度,揭示两者之间的影响机制,为引导农户合理利用耕地和构建耕地质量保护政策提供依据。研究方法:农户调查法、统计学分析法、计量经济模型分析法。研究结果:(1)在耕地质量保护认知方面,大城市郊区农户的认知程度较高,但对于耕地质量保护前景预期较低;(2)在行为决策响应方面,农户已经开始在耕地质量保护方面采取积极措施,但仍需要相关部门的合理引导,总体行为决策响应得分不高;(3)对耕地质量保护政策认知与意愿是影响其行为决策响应主要方面,不同区域在影响因素和程度上都存在明显差异。研究结论:对于大城市郊区的农户,政府应该从改变农户对耕地质量保护的悲观预期、引导农户合理选择保护性耕作方式和鼓励土地向以农业收入为主的农户流转等方面采取措施,实现耕地质量的保护与提升。

农村土地流转的供求意愿及其流转效率的评价研究

研究目的:研究农村土地流转的农户供求意愿,定量评价土地流转的经济效率。研究方法:通过设置的土地流转意愿度指标分析农户土地流转的供给意愿,通过农户实际土地经营规模和最适土地经营规模的比较分析农户的需求意愿,利用市场供求模型估算土地流转带来的供求双方农户经济福利。研究结果:中部6省的农户供给意愿在0.18—0.52之间,农户实际土地经营规模为0.27—0.73 hm2/户,最适土地经营规模0.61—1.08 hm2/户,以100—300元/亩流转交易价实行土地流转后,中部6省中各省供给方农户的经济福利可达到1.1—9.2亿元,需求方农户的经济福利可达到2.2—12.2亿元。研究结论:从供给角度看,当前农户的土地流转意愿低;从需求角度看,农户有土地流转的意愿。土地流转交易使土地资源和劳动力资源得到重新配置,增进了土地供给者和土地需求者的福利,提高了经济效率。

农户经营行为对农村生态环境影响研究

农户生产经营行为关系到生产资源的合理利用与配置,影响到农村生态系统保护及其可持续发展。本研究以武汉城市圈及长株潭城市群内的650个农户为有效样本,分析了农户经营行为对农村生态环境及其五种表现形式的影响。结果表明:①劳动力投入行为中收入来源、家庭人均收入对农业面源污染有显著负面影响,家庭常住人口、家庭人均年收入对生活垃圾污染分别有显著正、负面影响;②农户文化程度越高,越能认识到农村生态环境污染问题;③经营规模越大,农业面源污染越严重,而对其它四类表现形式影响不显著;④农业投资力度越大,为提高产量而会造成越严重的农业面源污染及水质污染;⑤农户经营组织行为中,有机肥施用行为会造成农业面源污染,这些未施用的有机肥又会加剧生活垃圾污染,而且有机肥使用越多,农业面源污染及水质污染也就变弱。另外,参加技术培训会降低农业面源污染和水质污染。可见,农户经营行为更多地是在影响农村生态环境中的农业面源污染、水质污染及生活垃圾污染,对空气噪音污染及工业转嫁污染的影响并不明显。