The protein composition of the egg development in the high royal jelly producing bees （Apis mellifera L.） was investigated. This pioneer study was to separate and quantify the proteins in the egg of the high royal j...The protein composition of the egg development in the high royal jelly producing bees （Apis mellifera L.） was investigated. This pioneer study was to separate and quantify the proteins in the egg of the high royal jelly producing worker bees （Apis mellifera L.） by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis along with their three-day development. The results showed that 160, 195, and 176 proteins, with a wide range of molecular weight （17-80 KDa） and relatively narrow scope of pI （4. 00-8.40） could be detected on day 1, day 2, and day 3, respectively, during the developmental process of the egg. Meanwhile 44 protein spots were constantly detected along with the egg development. Among them 36% were in the uptrend along with the egg development, 14% were in the downtrend, and 39% were of the largest expressed volume on day 2. In addition, the specific proteins were expressed on day 1, day 2, and day 3 （89, 77, and 80, respectively）. Besides the coexistent and specific proteins, 24 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 2, but silenced on day 3, 49 proteins were expressed on day 2 and day 3, but silenced on day 1, only 3 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 3, but silenced on day 2. The result indicates that egg development is a sequential and complex gene controlled process, where the eggs of day 2 express the most active proteins. The coexistent proteins suggest that it is conservative and indispensable for this event. These specific proteins suggest that the different developmental stage needs specific proteins to regulate it.展开更多
On 28 February 2012, under the close judiciary of and diplomatic cooperation between the United States and China for five years, a fossilized nest containing 22 dinosaur eggs, which was smuggled to America, finally ma...On 28 February 2012, under the close judiciary of and diplomatic cooperation between the United States and China for five years, a fossilized nest containing 22 dinosaur eggs, which was smuggled to America, finally made its way home.展开更多
Birds＇ selection on increase of egg＇s mass resulted in changes in the ratio of egg components. In this regard, now selection on improvement of eggs＇ quali- ty became one of the most important directions of selectio...Birds＇ selection on increase of egg＇s mass resulted in changes in the ratio of egg components. In this regard, now selection on improvement of eggs＇ quali- ty became one of the most important directions of selection work. In this work, the interrelation among various qualitative characteristics of eggs of Shanxing egg ducks breed, their variability and an individual assessment of ducks-mothers was considered. Prospects of carrying out selection on increase of yolk ratio in egg were estimated.展开更多
建立液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法测定鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,经Cleanert PEP Plus(60 mg/3 m L)固相萃取柱净化,Agilent Eclipse plu...建立液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法测定鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,经Cleanert PEP Plus(60 mg/3 m L)固相萃取柱净化,Agilent Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸水溶液(含10 mmol/L乙酸铵)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。对鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕3种基质效应进行了试验。结果表明1μg/kg～50μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2>0.99。方法的检出限为0.4μg/kg,定量限为1μg/kg。在鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中分别添加1、2、5μg/kg 3个水平进行加标回收试验,回收率为82.3%～112.5%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～4.5%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,适用于鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及残留物的测定。展开更多
文摘The protein composition of the egg development in the high royal jelly producing bees （Apis mellifera L.） was investigated. This pioneer study was to separate and quantify the proteins in the egg of the high royal jelly producing worker bees （Apis mellifera L.） by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis along with their three-day development. The results showed that 160, 195, and 176 proteins, with a wide range of molecular weight （17-80 KDa） and relatively narrow scope of pI （4. 00-8.40） could be detected on day 1, day 2, and day 3, respectively, during the developmental process of the egg. Meanwhile 44 protein spots were constantly detected along with the egg development. Among them 36% were in the uptrend along with the egg development, 14% were in the downtrend, and 39% were of the largest expressed volume on day 2. In addition, the specific proteins were expressed on day 1, day 2, and day 3 （89, 77, and 80, respectively）. Besides the coexistent and specific proteins, 24 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 2, but silenced on day 3, 49 proteins were expressed on day 2 and day 3, but silenced on day 1, only 3 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 3, but silenced on day 2. The result indicates that egg development is a sequential and complex gene controlled process, where the eggs of day 2 express the most active proteins. The coexistent proteins suggest that it is conservative and indispensable for this event. These specific proteins suggest that the different developmental stage needs specific proteins to regulate it.
文摘On 28 February 2012, under the close judiciary of and diplomatic cooperation between the United States and China for five years, a fossilized nest containing 22 dinosaur eggs, which was smuggled to America, finally made its way home.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for National Waterfowl-industry Technology Research System(CARS-43-2)National Supporting Projects for Science and Techniques(2012BAD12B10)Special Project for International Science and Technology Cooperation(2013DFA31880)
文摘Birds＇ selection on increase of egg＇s mass resulted in changes in the ratio of egg components. In this regard, now selection on improvement of eggs＇ quali- ty became one of the most important directions of selection work. In this work, the interrelation among various qualitative characteristics of eggs of Shanxing egg ducks breed, their variability and an individual assessment of ducks-mothers was considered. Prospects of carrying out selection on increase of yolk ratio in egg were estimated.
文摘建立液相色谱-串联质谱(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)法测定鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及其代谢物残留量的方法。样品经酸性乙腈提取,经Cleanert PEP Plus(60 mg/3 m L)固相萃取柱净化,Agilent Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离,以0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液和0.1%甲酸水溶液(含10 mmol/L乙酸铵)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。对鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕3种基质效应进行了试验。结果表明1μg/kg～50μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2>0.99。方法的检出限为0.4μg/kg,定量限为1μg/kg。在鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中分别添加1、2、5μg/kg 3个水平进行加标回收试验,回收率为82.3%～112.5%,相对标准偏差为1.2%～4.5%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度和准确度,适用于鸡蛋、鸡肉和蛋糕中氟虫腈及残留物的测定。
