弯道交通事故高发,车辆超速行驶、潮湿路面抗滑性能不足及离心力作用所造成的车辆侧向滑移是其主要事故类型。明确潮湿弯道车辆最大安全行驶速度对于保证弯道安全驾驶至关重要,由于轮胎-水流-路面之间的相互作用机理复杂,涉及变量较多(...弯道交通事故高发,车辆超速行驶、潮湿路面抗滑性能不足及离心力作用所造成的车辆侧向滑移是其主要事故类型。明确潮湿弯道车辆最大安全行驶速度对于保证弯道安全驾驶至关重要,由于轮胎-水流-路面之间的相互作用机理复杂,涉及变量较多(包括弯道几何参数、路面表面特征、轮胎运动特性、水膜厚度等),目前还没有从抗滑模拟角度获取降雨工况下弯道最大安全行驶速度的工程实践。基于固体力学和流体力学,建立轮胎-水流-路面耦合的侧偏抗滑模型,并依据抗滑测试值对模型预测准确性进行验证。以侧偏抗滑模型为基础,结合侧滑机理分析,得到所验证沥青路面在不同弯道半径、超高和水膜厚度下的最大安全行驶速度,并与美国国家公路与运输协会(American Association of State Highway and Transportation, AASHTO)设计速度进行对比。结果表明:现有设计速度规范对雨天环境因素考虑不足,当降雨强度较大时,车辆以AASHTO设计速度行驶会发生侧向滑移。该结果验证了所建立侧偏抗滑模型求解最大安全车速的方法对识别具有高滑移风险的雨天环境状况和低抗滑性能路面的有效性,并可为弯道路面摩擦管理和混合料设计提供新手段。展开更多
This paper presents the results of darkness adaptationtest for drivers. It is shown that there is a significant difference ( p <0.05)in their darkness adaptation ability between the drivers in accident group and ...This paper presents the results of darkness adaptationtest for drivers. It is shown that there is a significant difference ( p <0.05)in their darkness adaptation ability between the drivers in accident group and non-accident group. It is further revealed that the accident rate of the drivers with darkness adaptation time ≤10 s is 2.6%, while that with darkness adaptation time >10 s is 7.3%, implying that the high accident rate of the drivers in accident group might be caused by their longer darkness adaptation time.展开更多
文摘弯道交通事故高发,车辆超速行驶、潮湿路面抗滑性能不足及离心力作用所造成的车辆侧向滑移是其主要事故类型。明确潮湿弯道车辆最大安全行驶速度对于保证弯道安全驾驶至关重要,由于轮胎-水流-路面之间的相互作用机理复杂,涉及变量较多(包括弯道几何参数、路面表面特征、轮胎运动特性、水膜厚度等),目前还没有从抗滑模拟角度获取降雨工况下弯道最大安全行驶速度的工程实践。基于固体力学和流体力学,建立轮胎-水流-路面耦合的侧偏抗滑模型,并依据抗滑测试值对模型预测准确性进行验证。以侧偏抗滑模型为基础,结合侧滑机理分析,得到所验证沥青路面在不同弯道半径、超高和水膜厚度下的最大安全行驶速度,并与美国国家公路与运输协会(American Association of State Highway and Transportation, AASHTO)设计速度进行对比。结果表明:现有设计速度规范对雨天环境因素考虑不足,当降雨强度较大时,车辆以AASHTO设计速度行驶会发生侧向滑移。该结果验证了所建立侧偏抗滑模型求解最大安全车速的方法对识别具有高滑移风险的雨天环境状况和低抗滑性能路面的有效性,并可为弯道路面摩擦管理和混合料设计提供新手段。
文摘This paper presents the results of darkness adaptationtest for drivers. It is shown that there is a significant difference ( p <0.05)in their darkness adaptation ability between the drivers in accident group and non-accident group. It is further revealed that the accident rate of the drivers with darkness adaptation time ≤10 s is 2.6%, while that with darkness adaptation time >10 s is 7.3%, implying that the high accident rate of the drivers in accident group might be caused by their longer darkness adaptation time.