Study on the Safety and Prevention Technology of Coal Mining under the River in Xingyuan Coal Mine

Coal mining-induced surface subsidence poses significant ecological and infrastructural challenges, necessitating a comprehensive study to ensure safe mining practices, particularly in underwater conditions. This project aims to address the extensive impact of coal mining on the environment, infrastructure, and overall safety, focusing on the Shigong River area above the working face. The study employs qualitative and quantitative analyses, along with on-site engineering measurements, to gather data on crucial parameters such as coal seam characteristics, roof rock lithology, thickness, water resistance, and structural damage degree. The research encompasses a multidisciplinary approach, involving mining, geology, hydrogeology, geophysical exploration, rock mechanics, mine surveying, and computational mathematics. The importance of effective safety measures and prevention techniques is emphasized, laying the foundation for research focused on the Xingyun coal mine. The brief concludes by highlighting the potential economic and social benefits of this project and its contribution to valuable experience for future subsea coal mining.

Needs and Challenges of Nigeria Petroleum Industry in Assessing Process Safety Cumulative Risk

A cross-sectional exploratory assessment of the needs and challenges of petroleum industry in Nigeria, in assessing process safety cumulative risk for major accidents prevention was investigated. A purposive cum random sampling technique was used in this study, among selected petroleum companies operating in Nigeria. Survey questionnaires were received from 216 participants made up of asset integrity engineers/operators, process safety experts, production safety professionals in the petroleum industry in Nigeria. Data analyses were carried out to cover descriptive and inferential statistics. Overall, the study recognized that assessing process safety cumulative risk is not a simple process due largely to the changing nature of safety critical barriers degradation data. The study result showed four main challenges faced by petroleum industries in Nigeria, in assessing process safety cumulative risk: 1) the study showed that 94% of the respondents agreed that there is limited accessibility to safety critical barriers degradation data (little automation). Also 2) 94% of the respondents accounted for poor knowledge of process safety cumulative risk is and agreed it to be of low rating. The result further showed that 3) 90% of the respondents demonstrated that there are no guidance and procedures in assessing process safety cumulative risk and finally 4) 92% of the respondents reported that there is no real-time risk visualization model/ tool. Addressing these issues and challenges by the petroleum industries in the study area, will lead to successful assessment of process safety cumulative risk, thereby reducing the risk of major accidents.

Ecological Safety Evaluation of Land Use in Ji'an City Based on the Principal Component Analysis

According to the ecological safety evaluation index data of land-use change in Ji'an City from 1999 to 2008,positive treatment on selected reverse indices is conducted by Reciprocal Method.Meanwhile,Index Method is used to standardize the selected indices,and Principal Component Analysis is applied by using year as a unit.FB is obtained,which is related with the ecological safety of land-use change from 1999 to 2008.According to the scientific,integrative,hierarchical,practical and dynamic principles,ecological safety evaluation index system of land-use change in Ji'an City is established.Principal Component Analysis and evaluation model are used to calculate four parameters,including the natural resources safety index of land use,the socio-economic safety indicators of land use,the eco-environmental safety index of land use,and the ecological safety degree of land use in Ji'an City.Result indicates that the ecological safety degree of land use in Ji'an City shows a slow upward trend as a whole.At the same time,ecological safety degree of land-use change is relatively low in Ji'an City with the safety value of 0.645,which is at a weak safety zone and needs further monitoring and maintenance.

Characteristics of coal resources in China and statistical analysis and preventive measures for coal mine accidents

In the process of green and smart mine construction under the context of carbon neutrality,China's coal safety situation has been continuously improved in recent years.In order to recognize the development of coal production in China and prepare for future monitoring and prevention of safety incidents,this study mainly elaborated on the basic situation of coal resources and national mining accidents over the past five years(2017-2021),from four dimensions(accident level,type,region,and time),and then proposed the preventive measures based on accident statistical laws.The results show that the storage of coal resources has obvious geographic characteristics,mainly concentrated in the Midwest,with coal resources in Shanxi and Shaanxi accounting for about 49.4%.The proportion of coal consumption has dropped from 70.2%to 56%between 2011 and 2021,but still accounts for more than half of the all.Meanwhile,the accident-prone areas are positively correlated with the amount of coal production.Among different levels of coal mine accidents,general accidents had the highest number of accidents and deaths,with 692 accidents and 783 deaths,accounting for 87.6%and 54.64%respectively.The frequency of roof,gas,and transportation accidents is relatively high,and the number of single fatalities caused by gas accidents is the largest,about 4.18.In terms of geographical distribution of accidents,the safety situation in Shanxi Province is the most severe.From the time distribution of coal mine accidents,the accidents mainly occurred in July and August,and rarely occurred in February and December.Finally,the"4+4"safety management model is proposed,combining the statistical results with coal production in China.Based on the existing health and safety management systems,the manage-ments are divided into four sub-categories,and more specific measures are suggested.

Incident prevention tools-incident investigations and pre-job safety analyses

Careful and thorough incident investigations and pre-job safety analyses completed by knowledgeable and competent individuals can significantly reduce workplace incidents. Working parties must act together to make these safety tools effective. To get the staff units to work together in a co-ordinated manner, they must be shown the value of their work in preventing accidents. Examples of actual accidents investigated during the author's 18 years as a mine inspector in Saskatchewan are discussed within the context of pre-job safety analyses. The causes of the accidents are explored with close reference to how pre-job safety analyses could have prevented their occurrence.

Train post‑derailment behaviours and containment methods:a review

Railway accidents,particularly serious derailments,can lead to catastrophic consequences.Therefore,it is essential to prevent derailment escalation to reduce the likelihood of severe derailments.Train post-derailment behaviours and containment methods play a critical role in preventing derailment escalation and providing passive safety protection and accident prevention in the event of a derailment.However,despite the increasing attention on this field from academia and industry in recent years,there is a lack of systematic exploration and summarization of emerging applications and containment methods in train post-derailment research.For this reason,this paper presents a comprehensive review of existing studies on train post-derailment behaviours,encompassing various topics such as post-derailment contact-impact models,dynamic modelling and simulation techniques,and the primary factors influencing post-derailment behaviours.Significantly,this review introduces and elucidates substitute guidance mechanisms(SGMs),which serve as railway-specific passive safety protection and accident prevention measures.The various types of SGMs are depicted,and their ongoing developments and applications are explored in depth.The review additionally points out several unresolved challenges including the adverse effects of SGMs,and proposes future research directions to advance the theoretical understanding and practical application of train post-derailment behaviours and containment methods.This review seeks to be a valuable reference for railway industry professionals in preventing catastrophic derailment consequences through post-derailment containment methods.

Key Road Injury Prevention Interventions and Their Effectiveness in Africa: Conclusions and What Can Be Done Better

Introduction: This study aimed to identify road safety interventions implemented in Africa and to analyze their effectiveness in reducing road crashes, injuries, disabilities and deaths. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review including articles relating to the evaluation of road safety interventions implemented in Africa that were searched on electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Lissa, Google Scholar, and African Journals Online. Selection of articles and data extraction was conducted by two pairs of reviewers. Data quality was checked according to the type of study. A qualitative analysis of the data was carried out and a narrative approach was adopted to describe and synthesize the results. Results: A total of twenty-nine articles were selected including one cross-sectional study, seven time series, twenty-one quasi-experimental studies of which six randomised and fifteen non-randomised studies. The type of interventions evaluated was aimed at all types of users and was based on different interventions such as institutional strengthening, law enforcement, awareness raising, training or user education, vehicle maintenance and infrastructure improvements. For fourteen studies all the expected indicators had changed favourably and for twelve the indicators had partially changed. The studies that showed significant change were institutional strengthening, law enforcement, awareness raising, training, or user education interventions, development of Uber transport services, distribution of equipment, and a combination of interventions. Conclusion: This situation is indicative of insufficient policy investment in research but also in the field of road safety in general.

Healthier Food of Animal Origin and Prevention of Campylobacteriosis

Campylobacter species belong to the most important foodborne bacteria which cause gastroenteritis in humans in both developed and developing countries. Applied hygienic measures result only partially efficient, as demonstrated by the high number of reported cases in the human population. Alternative strategies to prevent the disease though a direct action at primary production level have been explored. Preliminary data showed that cattle and pigs fed with bamboo and olive by-products, respectively, were free from Campylobacter, suggesting potential sustainable prevention strategy. In addition, biochemical analysis showed high levels of unsaturated fatty acids in red meat and meat products, adequate for the application of health claims in line with EU food law.

Safety Risks and Preventive Measures for Construction Supervision of Construction Projects

Based on the analysis of construction project safety risk and its preventive measures, it is first necessary to clarify the safety risks and existing problems of construction project supervision and to formulate effective construction procedures. It is necessary to check the production safety of the construction unit, strengthen the company's own safety production management, and reasonably control the risk to familiarize with the construction drawings, and make a special construction plan for the work of the bottom line. Finally, an elective solution is drawn to comprehensively expound the importance of construction project construction safety risk and its preventive measures.

International law obligations for the disposal of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water under the principles of nuclear safety

The disposal of contaminated water from Japan’s Fukushima nuclear power plant is a significant international nuclear safety issue with considerable cross-border implications.This matter requires compliance not only with the law of the sea but also with the principles of nuclear safety under international law.These principles serve as the overarching tenet of international and China’s domestic nuclear laws,applicable to nuclear facilities and activities.The principle of safety in nuclear activities is fully recognized in international and domestic laws,carrying broad legal binding force.Japan’s discharge of nuclear-contaminated water into the sea violates its obligations under the principle of safety in nuclear activities,including commitments to optimum protection,as low as reasonably practicable,and prevention.The Japanese government and the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)have breached the obligation of optimum protection by restricting the scope of assessments,substituting core concepts,and shielding dissenting views.In the absence of clear radiation standards,they have acted unilaterally without fulfilling the obligation as low as reasonably practicable principle.The discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water poses an imminent and unpredictable risk to all countries worldwide,including Japanese residents.Japan and the IAEA should fulfill their obligations under international law regarding disposal,adhering to the principles of nuclear safety,including optimum protection,the obligation as low as reasonably practicable,and prevention through multilateral cooperation.Specifically,the obligation to provide optimum protection should be implemented by re-evaluating the most reliable disposal technologies and methods currently available and comprehensively assessing various options.The standard of the obligation as low as reasonably practicable requires that the minimization of negative impacts on human health,livelihoods,and the environment should not be subordinated to considerations of cutting costs and expenses.Multilateral cooperation should be promoted through the establishment of sound multilateral long-term monitoring mechanisms for the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water,notification and consultation obligations,and periodic assessments.These obligations under international law were fulfilled after the accidents at the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl nuclear power plants.The implications of the principles of nuclear safety align with the concept of building a community of shared future for nuclear safety advocated by China.In cases of violations of international law regarding the disposal of nuclear-contaminated water that jeopardize the concept of a community of a shared future for nuclear safety,China can also rely on its own strength to promote the implementation of due obligations through self-help.

Safety and tolerability of intradermal influenza vaccination in patients with cardiovascular disease

BackgroundIt 是生长得很好的然而，那流行性感冒种痘与心血管的疾病(CVD ) 在病人减少不利心血管的结果在大多数国家的疫苗的范围率仍然保持低。特别地在收到 antithrombotic 治疗的 CVD 病人，关于肌内的注射的本地不利效果的担心是重要妨碍之一。这研究被进行估计安全，在 CVD patients.MethodsThis 疫苗的 intradermal 流行性感冒的副作用和 tolerability 是在由在5月16日 th 和5月30日 th , 2012 在 Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai 医院。病历，病人的可接受程度和不利效果用立即跟随种痘的病人并且由电话调查完成的一张写的问询表被收集八天 later.ResultsAmong 169 个病人， 52.1% 是女人和平均数变老是 63 ±；12 年。冠的动脉疾病，瓣膜的心疾病和扩大心肌症在 121 是在场的(71.6%) ， 40 (23.7%) 并且 8 (4.7%) 分别地。Antithrombotics 在 89.3% 被使用。在种痘以后，疼痛分数是 0， 1 或 2 (从 10 ) 在 44.4% ， 15.1% ，和 27.6% 病人分别地。在种痘以后的八天，普通不利反应正在发痒 19 (11.9%) ，胀大 9 (5.7%) 并且疲劳(4.7%) 。没有 hematoma 或檫伤是 reported.ConclusionsThe intradermal 流行性感冒种痘是安全的并且很好在 CVD 病人与满足的高率容忍。这种技术应该在扩展流行性感冒疫苗范围是有用的。

CAV driving safety monitoring and warning via V2X-based edge computing system

Driving safety and accident prevention are attracting increasing global interest.Current safety monitoring systems often face challenges such as limited spatiotemporal coverage and accuracy,leading to delays in alerting drivers about potential hazards.This study explores the use of edge computing for monitoring vehicle motion and issuing accident warnings,such as lane departures and vehicle collisions.Unlike traditional systems that depend on data from single vehicles,the cooperative vehicle-infrastructure system collects data directly from connected and automated vehicles(CAVs)via vehicle-to-everything communication.This approach facilitates a comprehensive assessment of each vehicle’s risk.We propose algorithms and specific data structures for evaluating accident risks associated with different CAVs.Furthermore,we examine the prerequisites for data accuracy and transmission delay to enhance the safety of CAV driving.The efficacy of this framework is validated through both simulated and real-world road tests,proving its utility in diverse driving conditions.

Operation Risk of Rural Cooperative Economic Organization Based on Principal Component Analysis——A Case of Sichuan Province,China

Based on the previous research,a total of 10 risk indices are selected according to the specific situation in Sichuan Province,such as natural risk,resource constraint risk,internal management risk,capital risk,technical input and output risk,market risk,contract credit risk,property risk and policy support risk.According to the questionnaire survey by cooperative economic organization of Sichuan Province,principal component analysis is used to analyze the importance and influence degree of the operation risk of rural cooperative economic organization.Result shows that in the operation of cooperative economic organization,management risk has greater influence degree and importance degree,which should be paid special attention to.Capital,property,price fluctuation,and quality of members have great degree of risk and are paid little attention to.The technical input and output risk and the contract credit risk have relatively low impact on the operation risk of cooperative economic organization and their importance is relatively low.Therefore,we should continue to maintain its advantages.Nature,resource constraint and policy support have relatively high risk awareness and low influence degree,belonging to the factors with priority attention which are controlled to some extent.Finally,suggestions are put forward,such as enhancing the management level of cooperative economic organizations,strengthening the farmer's risk awareness,and improving the risk aversion ability of cooperative economic organization.

Optimal location and effect judgment on drainage tunnels for landslide prevention

为山崩预防的一个最佳的排水隧道地点决心方法被建议在排水隧道建设解决存在问题。在中国的排水隧道系统的当前的应用程序被考察，排水隧道的函数作为集水和拦截被分类。数字模拟被进行。结果证明集水和拦截隧道在单层模型的模拟有功能的变化，它在更低的层显示出渗透状况的减小。集水的功能能在深斜坡被观察，当拦截的功能在地下水来源附近被观察时。由使用，斜坡安全因素和分泌物水为邻近的排水隧道的构造质量作为判断在固定节点和节流动作为最佳的排水隧道地点，和毛孔水压力的目的总计，排水隧道的设计原则被介绍。K103 山崩作为一个例子被说明决定最佳的排水隧道地点。测量排水隧道效率被评估并且与那相比从数字分析基于地下水数据。结果验证现在的数字学习。

Measuring Exterior Safety of Canadian Residential Neighbourhoods

A safety audit measures the safety of 36 exterior attributes of properties and streets in a low-density residential neighbourhood in terms of four principles of modern crime prevention through environmental design, namely, territoriality, natural surveillance, activity support and access control. Eighty-three residents have walked around each of their small neighbourhoods, and audited the safeties of its area, individual private properties, and adjacent area in daylight;and the safeties of its area, properties, and exterior lighting in darkness. Findings are that older-urban neighbourhoods’ overall safety percentages and attribute safeties in daylight and darkness were consistently lower than those in newer suburban, rural or small-town ones;and frequently lower than those in newer-urban neighbourhoods, or older suburban, rural or small-town ones. Recommendations are about improving 12 less safe or unsafe attributes by means of physical planning and environmental design. Also having identified those attributes, we speculate about replicating the safety audit via online Street Views of existing Canadian neighbourhoods.

Measuring the Effectiveness of Safety Incentives in Construction Sites in Korea

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of motivation factors that actively induce construction workers participate in safety prevention activities and to investigate the effect of incentive program as motivation factor by conducting questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted for construction workers from September, 2017 to October, 2018, and the number of respondents was 256. The results of this study are that the factor of the greatest role in encouraging workers to voluntarily participate in accident prevention activities is management factors and that the introduction of new management methods such as safety incentives to reduce safety accidents is necessary. These results indicate that the accident prevention facilities and safety education and training have their limitations. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly reconsider what has already been done, and to find more innovative methods to reduce construction accidents.

Hidden Dangers and Preventive Measures in the Inventory of Articles in Operating Room

Operating Room is an important place for surgical diagnosis and treatment and rescue of patients. With the rapid development of medical technology, high, precision, sharp continuous development, operating room safety management is particularly important. The error of the counting of the surgical articles causes the foreign body left in the patient’s body, which will cause irreversible damage to the patient and even cause the medical dispute and touch the legal problem. Operation items inventory system is an important working system in the operating room. Scientific and standardized methods and systems for counting surgical instruments and dressings during operation can prevent foreign bodies from being left in the body, prevent errors and accidents in the operating room, and are very important for ensuring the safety of the operation of patients. In order to ensure the safety of patients, it is necessary to ensure the correct inventory of surgical items. The factors affecting the accuracy of item counting in the operating room and the preventive measures are summarized as follows.

Succession of nine plateau lakes and regulation of ecological safety in Yunnan Province

The Nine plateau lakes are those lakes whose areas are larger than 30km2 in Yunnan province.These lakes are Dianchi Lake,Erhai Lake,Fuxian Lake,Chenghai Lake,Lugu Lake,Qilu Lake,Xingyun Lake,Yangzonghai Lake,and Yilong Lake.The nine plateau lakes are important for economic development and for ecological security.However,all lakes are facing different environmental issues such as eutrophication and water quality degradation.Different strategies should be proposed according to the various conditions of the lakes.Three types of prevention,control and treatment strategies were proposed based on the succession process,the ecology stages,the economic and social development,the eutrophication stages,the water qualities,and the dominant ecological functions.

The Stava Valley Tailings Dams Disaster:A Reference Point for the Prevention of Severe Mine Incidents

On July 19,1985,at Stava near Tesero(Italian Alps),two reservoirs collapsed,causing the death of 268 people and the destruction of many buildings.The two adjacent basins were constructed for the decantation and storage of fine-grained waste material,which was pumped from a nearby fluorite mine.The consequence of the failure was a vast flowslide that found its way downstream along the Stava valley destroying many houses in the village of Stava,eventually reaching Tesero,where more property was wrecked or severely damaged.The Stava valley disaster was one of the most tragic of its kind.This paper aims to give a contribution on the technical aspects related to the causes of this catastrophic event.It also describes alternative technical solutions for the proper management of mining waste disposal and environmental protection proposed by the Stava 1985 Foundation for disseminating knowledge and awareness on how to make these geotechnical structures safer and more profitable and avoid other similar disasters that still keep occurring every year around the world.