Objective To investigate the links between wives＇ marital happiness and premarital sex and related consequences in Shanghai during 1980s Methods About 8 000 newly married couples were followed up at the 3rd and 15th ...Objective To investigate the links between wives＇ marital happiness and premarital sex and related consequences in Shanghai during 1980s Methods About 8 000 newly married couples were followed up at the 3rd and 15th month after their marriage. Results About 12% of them reported premarital intercourse. This proportion was higher among less educated couples with blue-collar jobs. About 63% of the sexually active caused pregnant before marriage. Most pregnancies were legitimised by marriage but 1/4 ended in induced abortion. Over 3/4 （78%） of wives reported that they were happy with the marriage in general, while 72% of wives were happy with the sexual aspects of their marriage. Results showed a strong relationship between marital happiness and the occurrence of a premarital abortion. Less educated and latearring women were more likely to assess their marriage neutrally or negatively. Conclusion Unhappiness with marriage in general and with marital sexual life were significantly higher among women with premarital abortion, and among less educated and late-marrying women.展开更多
Lady Chatterley's Lover has been controversial fiercely since it first published in 1928. In the novel the author calls for a complete emancipation of sex between man and woman, which is the ideal balance of human...Lady Chatterley's Lover has been controversial fiercely since it first published in 1928. In the novel the author calls for a complete emancipation of sex between man and woman, which is the ideal balance of human being. Systematically and comprehensively, my essay will analyze the characters' marriages, including Connie's parents, her sister, Clifford and Connie, Mellors and his wife, and the ideal couple — Mellors and Connie. Through them, the essay will explore D.H. Lawrence's view of marriage and finally judge the view.展开更多
As a specific gene of fish,cytochrome P450c17-Ⅱ(CYP17-Ⅱ) gene plays a key role in the growth,development and reproduction level of fish.In this study,the single-stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique w...As a specific gene of fish,cytochrome P450c17-Ⅱ(CYP17-Ⅱ) gene plays a key role in the growth,development and reproduction level of fish.In this study,the single-stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique was used to characterize polymorphisms within the coding region of CYP17-Ⅱ gene in a population of 75 male Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were identified in CYP17-Ⅱ gene of Japanese flounder.They were c.G594A(p.G188R),c.G939A and c.G1502A(p.G490D).SNP1(c.G594A),located in exon 4 of CYP17-Ⅱ gene,was significantly associated with gonadosomatic index(GSI).Individuals with genotype GG of SNP1 had significantly lower GSI(P < 0.05) than those with geno-type AA or AG.SNP2(c.G939A) located at the CpG island of CYP17-Ⅱ gene.The mutation changed the methylation of exon 6.Indi-viduals with genotype AA of SNP2 had significantly lower serum testosterone(T) level and hepatosomatic index(HSI) compared to those with genotype GG.The results suggested that SNP2 could influence the reproductive endocrine of male Japanese flounder.How-ever,the SNP3(c.G1502A) located in exon 9 did not affect the four measured reproductive traits.This study showed that CYP17-Ⅱ gene could be a potentially useful candidate gene for the research of genetic breeding and physiological aspects of Japanese flounder.展开更多
Both Helen Huntingdon in The Tenant of Wildefell Hall and Sue Bridehead in Jude the Obscure are considered to be the characters with strong feminist touch.Through the analysis of their different attitudes towards sex,...Both Helen Huntingdon in The Tenant of Wildefell Hall and Sue Bridehead in Jude the Obscure are considered to be the characters with strong feminist touch.Through the analysis of their different attitudes towards sex,this paper designs to uncover their respective attitudes towards the conventions of the Victorian society and find their inner connections and differences in the development of Feminist movement.展开更多
Background: In the Caribbean in particular Ja-maica, no study has been done to examine married respondents in order to understand reasons for their greater health status. The ob-jectives of the current study are: 1) e...Background: In the Caribbean in particular Ja-maica, no study has been done to examine married respondents in order to understand reasons for their greater health status. The ob-jectives of the current study are: 1) examine the sociodemographic characteristics of married people in Jamaica;2) evaluate self-rated health status of married people in Jamaica;3) deter-mine factors that account for good health status of married people and 4) provide public health practitioners with empirical studies that can be used to formulate policies for men in particular non-married men in Jamaica. Materials and me- thods: Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 6,783 respondents. It was a nationally representative sample. Logistic re-gression analysis was used to ascertain the correlates of health status. Results: The mean age for women in marriage in Jamaica was 6 years lower than that of men. The correlates of good health status (including moderate health) of respondents in descending order were self- reported illness (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.01- 0.17);age (OR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.93-0.96);income (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.05-1.66) and sex of respon-dents (Or = 1.14-2.32)—χ2(df = 4) = 383.2, P < 0.05. The four variables accounted for 44.4% of the explanatory power of the model;with self-reported illness accounting for 32.5% of the explanatory power. Conclusion: Marriage pro-vides greater access to more socioeconomic resources for its participants as well as increase men’s unwillingness to visit medical care prac-titioners.展开更多
Fifteen subspecies of the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae), have been recorded in the Northern Hemisphere. An analysis of crude pheromone extracts by GC equipped with an electroan...Fifteen subspecies of the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae), have been recorded in the Northern Hemisphere. An analysis of crude pheromone extracts by GC equipped with an electroantennographic (EAG) detector showed four EAG-active components (Comps. I–IV) that were commonly involved in the pheromone glands of two subspecies inhabiting Japan and Finland. Comp. I is a major component (>75%) and the others are minor components (3% - 15%). Their mass spectra, measured by GC/MS, revealed the chemical structures of C21 unsaturated hydrocarbons as follows: 3,6,9-triene for Comp. I, 4,6,9-triene for Comp. II, 1,3,6,9-tetraene for Comp. III, and 2,4,6,9-tetraene for Comp. IV. Comps. I and III are known Type II pheromone compounds, and their retention times coincide with those of the authentic standards with all Z configurations. As a next step, the extract was analyzed by GC/FT-IR to determine the configuration of Comps. II and IV. Their IR spectra showed two characteristic C-H bending absorptions around 990 and 945 cm-1 due to the conjugated dienyl moieties;thus, Z and E configurations were assigned to the double bonds at the 2- and 4-positions, respectively. Their Z double bonds at the 6- and 9-positions are indicated by no absorptions around 970 cm-1, due to the isolated double bonds with E configurations. Finally, the structures of Comps. II and IV were confirmed by synthesis using a double Wittig reaction. The synthetic (4E,6Z,9Z)-4,6,9-triene and (2Z,4E,6Z,9Z)-2,4,6,9-tetraene showed strong EAG activity, and their chemical data coincided well with those of the natural Comps. II and IV, indicating the correctness of the structure determination by GC/FT-IR analysis and its usefulness for Type II pheromone compounds.展开更多
This study uses,primarily,the 2020 National Population Census data to comprehensively examine the phenomenon of the“male marriage squeeze”and provide a socio-demographic portrait of involuntary bachelors in rural Ch...This study uses,primarily,the 2020 National Population Census data to comprehensively examine the phenomenon of the“male marriage squeeze”and provide a socio-demographic portrait of involuntary bachelors in rural China.The descriptive findings make clear the pronounced male marriage squeeze in rural China.In 2020,China recorded its highest historical sex ratio of marriageable population,reaching 110.The age-specific proportions of never-married men surpass those of women,particularly in rural areas where a significant proportion of men remain unmarried throughout their lives.Between 2010 and 2020,men in rural areas exhibited a notable trend of delayed marriage.The likelihood of rural men getting married steadily declined during this decade,with rural men significantly less likely to get married than urban men.In China,the concentration of involuntary bachelors is mainly in rural areas,characterized by lower socioeconomic status,and inferior living conditions.While educational qualification among involuntary bachelors in rural areas has improved,it still lags behind that of currently or previously married men.Another problem is that the elderly population in rural areas faces resource scarcity,increasing the reliance on the minimum subsistence allowance.Elderly involuntary bachelors are generally in poorer health than their married peers,and the health disparity is widening.To make matters worse,a high percentage of these men live alone.展开更多
民间常有一喻:“野花”和“家花”;且认为前者“香”过后者。本文在大量调研的基础得出了一个结论:Women Enjoy Best Sex Within Marriage。或者我们可以把这个标题略作改动,即 Men and Women Enjoy Best Sex WithinMarriage。因为本文...民间常有一喻:“野花”和“家花”;且认为前者“香”过后者。本文在大量调研的基础得出了一个结论:Women Enjoy Best Sex Within Marriage。或者我们可以把这个标题略作改动,即 Men and Women Enjoy Best Sex WithinMarriage。因为本文的核心思想是:…truly great sex and deep intimacy are mostlikely to happen within the trusting,committed environment of marriage or a long-term relationship。本句写得真优美,文字优美,思想也优美。展开更多
文摘Objective To investigate the links between wives＇ marital happiness and premarital sex and related consequences in Shanghai during 1980s Methods About 8 000 newly married couples were followed up at the 3rd and 15th month after their marriage. Results About 12% of them reported premarital intercourse. This proportion was higher among less educated couples with blue-collar jobs. About 63% of the sexually active caused pregnant before marriage. Most pregnancies were legitimised by marriage but 1/4 ended in induced abortion. Over 3/4 （78%） of wives reported that they were happy with the marriage in general, while 72% of wives were happy with the sexual aspects of their marriage. Results showed a strong relationship between marital happiness and the occurrence of a premarital abortion. Less educated and latearring women were more likely to assess their marriage neutrally or negatively. Conclusion Unhappiness with marriage in general and with marital sexual life were significantly higher among women with premarital abortion, and among less educated and late-marrying women.
文摘Lady Chatterley's Lover has been controversial fiercely since it first published in 1928. In the novel the author calls for a complete emancipation of sex between man and woman, which is the ideal balance of human being. Systematically and comprehensively, my essay will analyze the characters' marriages, including Connie's parents, her sister, Clifford and Connie, Mellors and his wife, and the ideal couple — Mellors and Connie. Through them, the essay will explore D.H. Lawrence's view of marriage and finally judge the view.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foun-dation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2009DQ011)the New Teacher Special Fund of Doctor of the Ministry of Education of China(No.20090132120006)the Postdoctoral Innovative Projects of Shandong Province,China(No.200702039)
文摘As a specific gene of fish,cytochrome P450c17-Ⅱ(CYP17-Ⅱ) gene plays a key role in the growth,development and reproduction level of fish.In this study,the single-stranded conformational polymorphism(SSCP) technique was used to characterize polymorphisms within the coding region of CYP17-Ⅱ gene in a population of 75 male Japanese flounder(Paralichthys olivaceus).Three single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) were identified in CYP17-Ⅱ gene of Japanese flounder.They were c.G594A(p.G188R),c.G939A and c.G1502A(p.G490D).SNP1(c.G594A),located in exon 4 of CYP17-Ⅱ gene,was significantly associated with gonadosomatic index(GSI).Individuals with genotype GG of SNP1 had significantly lower GSI(P < 0.05) than those with geno-type AA or AG.SNP2(c.G939A) located at the CpG island of CYP17-Ⅱ gene.The mutation changed the methylation of exon 6.Indi-viduals with genotype AA of SNP2 had significantly lower serum testosterone(T) level and hepatosomatic index(HSI) compared to those with genotype GG.The results suggested that SNP2 could influence the reproductive endocrine of male Japanese flounder.How-ever,the SNP3(c.G1502A) located in exon 9 did not affect the four measured reproductive traits.This study showed that CYP17-Ⅱ gene could be a potentially useful candidate gene for the research of genetic breeding and physiological aspects of Japanese flounder.
文摘Both Helen Huntingdon in The Tenant of Wildefell Hall and Sue Bridehead in Jude the Obscure are considered to be the characters with strong feminist touch.Through the analysis of their different attitudes towards sex,this paper designs to uncover their respective attitudes towards the conventions of the Victorian society and find their inner connections and differences in the development of Feminist movement.
文摘Background: In the Caribbean in particular Ja-maica, no study has been done to examine married respondents in order to understand reasons for their greater health status. The ob-jectives of the current study are: 1) examine the sociodemographic characteristics of married people in Jamaica;2) evaluate self-rated health status of married people in Jamaica;3) deter-mine factors that account for good health status of married people and 4) provide public health practitioners with empirical studies that can be used to formulate policies for men in particular non-married men in Jamaica. Materials and me- thods: Stratified random sampling technique was used to select 6,783 respondents. It was a nationally representative sample. Logistic re-gression analysis was used to ascertain the correlates of health status. Results: The mean age for women in marriage in Jamaica was 6 years lower than that of men. The correlates of good health status (including moderate health) of respondents in descending order were self- reported illness (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.01- 0.17);age (OR = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.93-0.96);income (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 1.05-1.66) and sex of respon-dents (Or = 1.14-2.32)—χ2(df = 4) = 383.2, P < 0.05. The four variables accounted for 44.4% of the explanatory power of the model;with self-reported illness accounting for 32.5% of the explanatory power. Conclusion: Marriage pro-vides greater access to more socioeconomic resources for its participants as well as increase men’s unwillingness to visit medical care prac-titioners.
文摘Fifteen subspecies of the wood tiger moth, Arctia plantaginis (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae), have been recorded in the Northern Hemisphere. An analysis of crude pheromone extracts by GC equipped with an electroantennographic (EAG) detector showed four EAG-active components (Comps. I–IV) that were commonly involved in the pheromone glands of two subspecies inhabiting Japan and Finland. Comp. I is a major component (>75%) and the others are minor components (3% - 15%). Their mass spectra, measured by GC/MS, revealed the chemical structures of C21 unsaturated hydrocarbons as follows: 3,6,9-triene for Comp. I, 4,6,9-triene for Comp. II, 1,3,6,9-tetraene for Comp. III, and 2,4,6,9-tetraene for Comp. IV. Comps. I and III are known Type II pheromone compounds, and their retention times coincide with those of the authentic standards with all Z configurations. As a next step, the extract was analyzed by GC/FT-IR to determine the configuration of Comps. II and IV. Their IR spectra showed two characteristic C-H bending absorptions around 990 and 945 cm-1 due to the conjugated dienyl moieties;thus, Z and E configurations were assigned to the double bonds at the 2- and 4-positions, respectively. Their Z double bonds at the 6- and 9-positions are indicated by no absorptions around 970 cm-1, due to the isolated double bonds with E configurations. Finally, the structures of Comps. II and IV were confirmed by synthesis using a double Wittig reaction. The synthetic (4E,6Z,9Z)-4,6,9-triene and (2Z,4E,6Z,9Z)-2,4,6,9-tetraene showed strong EAG activity, and their chemical data coincided well with those of the natural Comps. II and IV, indicating the correctness of the structure determination by GC/FT-IR analysis and its usefulness for Type II pheromone compounds.
文摘This study uses,primarily,the 2020 National Population Census data to comprehensively examine the phenomenon of the“male marriage squeeze”and provide a socio-demographic portrait of involuntary bachelors in rural China.The descriptive findings make clear the pronounced male marriage squeeze in rural China.In 2020,China recorded its highest historical sex ratio of marriageable population,reaching 110.The age-specific proportions of never-married men surpass those of women,particularly in rural areas where a significant proportion of men remain unmarried throughout their lives.Between 2010 and 2020,men in rural areas exhibited a notable trend of delayed marriage.The likelihood of rural men getting married steadily declined during this decade,with rural men significantly less likely to get married than urban men.In China,the concentration of involuntary bachelors is mainly in rural areas,characterized by lower socioeconomic status,and inferior living conditions.While educational qualification among involuntary bachelors in rural areas has improved,it still lags behind that of currently or previously married men.Another problem is that the elderly population in rural areas faces resource scarcity,increasing the reliance on the minimum subsistence allowance.Elderly involuntary bachelors are generally in poorer health than their married peers,and the health disparity is widening.To make matters worse,a high percentage of these men live alone.
文摘民间常有一喻:“野花”和“家花”;且认为前者“香”过后者。本文在大量调研的基础得出了一个结论:Women Enjoy Best Sex Within Marriage。或者我们可以把这个标题略作改动,即 Men and Women Enjoy Best Sex WithinMarriage。因为本文的核心思想是:…truly great sex and deep intimacy are mostlikely to happen within the trusting,committed environment of marriage or a long-term relationship。本句写得真优美,文字优美,思想也优美。
