电子显微成像技术的快速发展使得对完整细胞、组织乃至整个机体进行高分辨三维结构解析研究成为可能,这些可进行大尺度生物样品三维结构研究的电子显微成像技术统称为体电子显微学技术(volume electron microscopy,vEM)。近年来,v EM在...电子显微成像技术的快速发展使得对完整细胞、组织乃至整个机体进行高分辨三维结构解析研究成为可能,这些可进行大尺度生物样品三维结构研究的电子显微成像技术统称为体电子显微学技术(volume electron microscopy,vEM)。近年来,v EM在研究尺度、分辨率、吞吐量和易用性等方面发展迅速,在整个生命科学领域的应用呈爆炸式增长,该技术因此被《自然》(Nature)评为2023年最值得关注的七项前沿技术之一。然而,vEM相关技术的发展和应用在国内起步较晚,亟待进一步推广。本综述涵盖了vEM的发展历程、技术分类、样品制备、数据收集、图像处理等全方位的内容,便于生命科学、医学等领域研究人员去了解、学习、应用和进一步发展该技术。展开更多
Summary： This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of solution form of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） on removing smear layer of root canals at different exposure time periods and to provide sc...Summary： This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of solution form of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） on removing smear layer of root canals at different exposure time periods and to provide scientific basis for EDTA as a choice of root canal irrigation in clinical practice. Twenty-five single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups： control group （group A） was given 2.5% NaOC1, and 4 experimental groups were given 2.5% NaOC1 and 17% EDTA, including groups B, C, D and E with exposure time of 1, 3, 5 and 7 min, respectively. After preparation of the root canals, the teeth were split along their longitudinal axis, and the root sections were examined under scanning elec- tron microscope for evaluation of smear layer removal and erosion on the surface of the root canal walls. The specimens in group B showed presence of smear layer on the walls of the root canal with no statistical difference from that in group A （P〉0.05）. In groups C and D, partial removal of smear layer was obtained, and there was no significant difference between the two groups （P〉0.05）, but there was significant difference in removal of smear layer between group C and group B （P〈0.05）. Root canal walls in group E specimens showed almost complete removal of smear layer, and the removal of smear layer was significantly different from that in group D （P〈0.01）. There was no significant change in the structure of the surface of root canal for each sample. It was concluded that combined irrigation with 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOC1 could remove the smear layer with no significant alteration in dentinal structure when the chelating agent was applied for 7 min. At 3 and 5 min of application, partial removal of smear layer was observed and at 1 min negligible removal of smear layer was achieved.展开更多
Cracked straight-through Brazilian disc(CSTBD) samples prepared using two rock materials were used for thermal treatment from room temperature to 700℃. Uniaxial splitting experiments were performed using an automatic...Cracked straight-through Brazilian disc(CSTBD) samples prepared using two rock materials were used for thermal treatment from room temperature to 700℃. Uniaxial splitting experiments were performed using an automatic electro-hydraulic servo press to study the evolution laws of physical and fracture properties of different deep rock materials under high-temperature geological conditions. The fracture characteristics were measured using an industrial camera and digital image correlation technology to analyze the effect of high temperature on fracture properties and failure modes of the CSTBD samples after different thermal treatments. The micro-damage properties of green sandstone and granite materials were obtained using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The following conclusions were drawn from the test results:(1) With the increasing temperature, the fracture characteristics of green sandstone and granite change from brittle fracture to plasticity fracture, the longitudinal wave velocity of granite decreases sharply at 600℃, and the damage factor reaches 0.8748 at 700℃.(2) The fracture toughness of green sandstone and granite decreases with increasing temperature;however, the decreasing range of granite is larger than that of green sandstone.(3) As the temperature increases, the fracture morphologies of green sandstone and granite materials become rougher, whereas thermal damage cracks of granite and intergranular fractures inside sandstone as well as pores of sandstone increase.(4) The crack tip opening displacement and peak strain corresponding to peak load increase with the temperature.展开更多
文摘电子显微成像技术的快速发展使得对完整细胞、组织乃至整个机体进行高分辨三维结构解析研究成为可能,这些可进行大尺度生物样品三维结构研究的电子显微成像技术统称为体电子显微学技术(volume electron microscopy,vEM)。近年来,v EM在研究尺度、分辨率、吞吐量和易用性等方面发展迅速,在整个生命科学领域的应用呈爆炸式增长,该技术因此被《自然》(Nature)评为2023年最值得关注的七项前沿技术之一。然而,vEM相关技术的发展和应用在国内起步较晚,亟待进一步推广。本综述涵盖了vEM的发展历程、技术分类、样品制备、数据收集、图像处理等全方位的内容,便于生命科学、医学等领域研究人员去了解、学习、应用和进一步发展该技术。
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2010JC030)
文摘Summary： This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of solution form of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid （EDTA） on removing smear layer of root canals at different exposure time periods and to provide scientific basis for EDTA as a choice of root canal irrigation in clinical practice. Twenty-five single-rooted teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups： control group （group A） was given 2.5% NaOC1, and 4 experimental groups were given 2.5% NaOC1 and 17% EDTA, including groups B, C, D and E with exposure time of 1, 3, 5 and 7 min, respectively. After preparation of the root canals, the teeth were split along their longitudinal axis, and the root sections were examined under scanning elec- tron microscope for evaluation of smear layer removal and erosion on the surface of the root canal walls. The specimens in group B showed presence of smear layer on the walls of the root canal with no statistical difference from that in group A （P〉0.05）. In groups C and D, partial removal of smear layer was obtained, and there was no significant difference between the two groups （P〉0.05）, but there was significant difference in removal of smear layer between group C and group B （P〈0.05）. Root canal walls in group E specimens showed almost complete removal of smear layer, and the removal of smear layer was significantly different from that in group D （P〈0.01）. There was no significant change in the structure of the surface of root canal for each sample. It was concluded that combined irrigation with 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOC1 could remove the smear layer with no significant alteration in dentinal structure when the chelating agent was applied for 7 min. At 3 and 5 min of application, partial removal of smear layer was observed and at 1 min negligible removal of smear layer was achieved.
基金funding support from the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant No. 2021YJ0511)the State Key Laboratory for Geo-Mechanics and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining&Technology (Grant No.SKLGDUEK2111)the Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province (Grant No. ZJRMG-2020-01)。
文摘Cracked straight-through Brazilian disc(CSTBD) samples prepared using two rock materials were used for thermal treatment from room temperature to 700℃. Uniaxial splitting experiments were performed using an automatic electro-hydraulic servo press to study the evolution laws of physical and fracture properties of different deep rock materials under high-temperature geological conditions. The fracture characteristics were measured using an industrial camera and digital image correlation technology to analyze the effect of high temperature on fracture properties and failure modes of the CSTBD samples after different thermal treatments. The micro-damage properties of green sandstone and granite materials were obtained using a scanning electron microscope(SEM). The following conclusions were drawn from the test results:(1) With the increasing temperature, the fracture characteristics of green sandstone and granite change from brittle fracture to plasticity fracture, the longitudinal wave velocity of granite decreases sharply at 600℃, and the damage factor reaches 0.8748 at 700℃.(2) The fracture toughness of green sandstone and granite decreases with increasing temperature;however, the decreasing range of granite is larger than that of green sandstone.(3) As the temperature increases, the fracture morphologies of green sandstone and granite materials become rougher, whereas thermal damage cracks of granite and intergranular fractures inside sandstone as well as pores of sandstone increase.(4) The crack tip opening displacement and peak strain corresponding to peak load increase with the temperature.
