Reliability analysis method for slope stability based on sample weight

The single safety factor criteria for slope stability evaluation, derived from the rigid limit equilibrium method or finite element method （FEM）, may not include some important information, especially for steep slopes with complex geological conditions. This paper presents a new reliability method that uses sample weight analysis. Based on the distribution characteristics of random variables, the minimal sample size of every random variable is extracted according to a small sample t-distribution under a certain expected value, and the weight coefficient of each extracted sample is considered to be its contribution to the random variables. Then, the weight coefficients of the random sample combinations are determined using the Bayes formula, and different sample combinations are taken as the input for slope stability analysis. According to one-to-one mapping between the input sample combination and the output safety coefficient, the reliability index of slope stability can be obtained with the multiplication principle. Slope stability analysis of the left bank of the Baihetan Project is used as an example, and the analysis results show that the present method is reasonable and practicable for the reliability analysis of steep slopes with complex geological conditions.

ADASYN与类别逆比例加权法在阿尔茨海默病不平衡数据中的应用

目的利用自适应合成抽样(adaptive synthetic sampling,ADASYN)与类别逆比例加权法处理类别不平衡数据,结合分类器构建模型对阿尔茨海默病(alzheimer′s disease,AD)患者疾病进程进行分类预测。方法数据源自阿尔茨海默病神经影像学计划(Alzheimer′s disease neuroimaging initiative,ADNI),经随机森林填补缺失值,弹性网络筛选特征子集后,利用ADASYN与类别逆比例加权法处理类别不平衡数据。分别结合随机森林(random forest,RF)、支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)构建四种模型:ADASYN-RF、ADASYN-SVM、加权随机森林(weighted random forest,WRF)、加权支持向量机(weighted support vector machine,WSVM),与RF、SVM比较分类性能。模型评价指标为宏观平均精确率(macro-average of precision,macro-P)、宏观平均召回率(macro-average of recall,macro-R)、宏观平均F1值(macro-average of F1-score,macro-F1)、准确率(accuracy,ACC)、Kappa值和AUC(area under the ROC curve)。结果ADASYN-RF的分类性能最优(Kappa值为0.938,AUC为0.980),ADASYN-SVM次之。利用ADASYN-RF预测得到的重要分类特征分别为CDRSB、LDELTOTAL、MMSE,在临床上均可得到证实。结论ADASYN与类别逆比例加权法都能辅助提升分类器性能,但ADASYN算法更优。

基于CD-BSMOTE的D-S证据融合变压器故障诊断

针对变压器油中溶解气体数据集不均衡特性对故障诊断结果的影响,提出一种基于清除临界点改进的边界合成少数类过采样算法均衡数据集和Pearson冲突距离改进D-S证据融合的变压器故障诊断模型。首先,对少数类样本进行均衡化处理,根据K-means聚类结果清除处于临界位置的样本;其次,搭建梯度提升树、随机森林、BP神经网络的故障诊断模型,实现变压器故障初步诊断;接着引入Pearson冲突距离改进D-S证据融合模型,实现诊断结果的融合决策;最后,经实际算例分析,诊断精确率达到92.65%。结果表明,所建模型能有效解决数据不平衡对诊断结果的影响,提高故障诊断精度。

基于D-S证据理论改进AHP-熵权的流域洪涝灾害评估研究

考虑致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境敏感性以及承灾体易损性,选取指标构建小清河流域洪涝灾害风险评估指标体系,提出一种基于D-S证据理论的改进AHP-熵权法计算指标权重,求取洪涝灾害风险指数,运用自然断点分级法确定洪涝灾害风险等级,分析小清河流域洪涝灾害风险空间分布情况。结果表明:小清河流域洪涝灾害风险总体上表现出南低北高的趋势,其中高风险区和较高风险区分别占流域面积的8.7%和14.3%,主要分布在小清河干流以及主要支流两岸。所得评估结果同“利奇马”台风发生期间实际洪灾风险分布情况一致,对比证明基于D-S证据理论的改进AHP-熵权法优于AHP和熵权法,可为小清河流域防洪减灾决策提供依据。

Designing Bayesian Two-Sided Group Chain Sampling Plan for Gamma Prior Distribution

Acceptance sampling is used to decide either the whole lot will be accepted or rejected,based on inspection of randomly sampled items from the same lot.As an alternative to traditional sampling plans,it is possible to use Baye-sian approaches using previous knowledge on process variation.This study pre-sents a Bayesian two-sided group chain sampling plan(BTSGChSP)by using various combinations of design parameters.In BTSGChSP,inspection is based on preceding as well as succeeding lots.Poisson function is used to derive the probability of lot acceptance based on defective and non-defective products.Gamma distribution is considered as a suitable prior for Poisson distribution.Four quality regions are found,namely:(i)quality decision region(QDR),(ii)probabil-istic quality region(PQR),(iii)limiting quality region(LQR)and(iv)indifference quality region(IQR).Producer’s risk and consumer’s risk are considered to esti-mate the quality regions,where acceptable quality level(AQL)is associated with producer’s risk and limiting quality level(LQL)is associated with consumer’s risk.Moreover,AQL and LQL are used in the selection of design parameters for BTSGChSP.The values based on all possible combinations of design parameters for BTSGChSP are presented and inflection points’values are found.Thefinding exposes that BTSGChSP is a better substitute for the existing plan for industrial practitioners.

Electrolytic Sampling from Pure Copper and Common Brasses Ⅰ: Calculation of the Mass Dissolved from the Samples according to Faraday's Law

In a procedure for electrolytic dissolving pure copper and common brasses, the approximate electrochemical mole mass(k) of the sample was determined in accordance with the brand of the sample, a stitable electrolyte was selected to make the current efficiency equal to 100%, and then the dissolved mass of samples was calculated according to Faraday's law(m=klt).Three representative samples were sampled by the electrolytic dissolution method and the calculated dissolved amounts were equal to the values by weighing the anode.The cxperimental results of zinc and copper in the anode liquor are in agreement with certified values.

Acceptance Sampling Plans with Truncated Life Tests for the Length-Biased Weighted Lomax Distribution

In this paper,we considered the Length-biased weighted Lomax distribution and constructed new acceptance sampling plans(ASPs)where the life test is assumed to be truncated at a pre-assigned time.For the new suggested ASPs,the tables of the minimum samples sizes needed to assert a specific mean life of the test units are obtained.In addition,the values of the corresponding operating characteristic function and the associated producer’s risks are calculated.Analyses of two real data sets are presented to investigate the applicability of the proposed acceptance sampling plans;one data set contains the first failure of 20 small electric carts,and the other data set contains the failure times of the air conditioning system of an airplane.Comparisons are made between the proposed acceptance sampling plans and some existing acceptance sampling plans considered in this study based on the minimum sample sizes.It is observed that the samples sizes based on the proposed acceptance sampling plans are less than their competitors considered in this study.The suggested acceptance sampling plans are recommended for practitioners in the field.

Minimum sample size estimates for trials in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review of a support resource

BACKGROUND Of 25%of randomised controlled trials(RCTs)on interventions for inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)have no power calculation.AIM To systematically review RCTs reporting interventions for the management of IBD and to produce data for minimum sample sizes that would achieve appropriate power using the actual clinical data.METHODS We included RCTs retrieved from Cochrane IBD specialised Trial register and CENTRAL investigating any form of therapy for either induction or maintenance of remission against control,placebo,or no intervention of IBD in patients of any age.The relevant data was extracted,and the studies were grouped according to the intervention used.We recalculated sample size and the achieved difference,as well as minimum sample sizes needed in the future.RESULTS A total of 105 trials were included.There was a large discrepancy between the estimated figure for the minimal clinically important difference used for the calculations(15%group differences observed vs 30%used for calculation)explaining substantial actual sample size deficits.The minimum sample sizes indicated for future trials based on the 25 years of trial data were calculated and grouped by the intervention.CONCLUSION A third of intervention studies in IBD within the last 25 years are underpowered,with large variations in the calculation of sample sizes.The authors present a sample size estimate resource constructed on the published evidence base for future researchers and key stakeholders within the IBD trial field.

Fault tolerant synchronization of chaotic systems based on T-S fuzzy model with fuzzy sampled-data controller

In this paper the fault tolerant synchronization of two chaotic systems based on fuzzy model and sample data is investigated. The problem of fault tolerant synchronization is formulated to study the global asymptotical stability of the error system with the fuzzy sampled-data controller which contains a state feedback controller and a fault compensator. The synchronization can be achieved no matter whether the fault occurs or not. To investigate the stability of the error system and facilitate the design of the fuzzy sampled-data controller, a Takagi Sugeno （T-S） fuzzy model is employed to represent the chaotic system dynamics. To acquire good performance and produce a less conservative analysis result, a new parameter-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovksii functional and a relaxed stabilization technique are considered. The stability conditions based on linear matrix inequality are obtained to achieve the fault tolerant synchronization of the chaotic systems. Finally, a numerical simulation is shown to verify the results.

Gut microbiota in preterm infants receiving breast milk or mixed feeding

BACKGROUND Preterm birth is the leading cause of mortality in newborns,with very-low-birthweight infants usually experiencing several complications.Breast milk is considered the gold standard of nutrition,especially for preterm infants with delayed gut colonization,because it contains beneficial microorganisms,such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.AIM To analyze the gut microbiota of breastfed preterm infants with a birth weight of 1500 g or less.METHODS An observational study was performed on preterm infants with up to 36.6 wk of gestation and a birth weight of 1500 g or less,born at the University Hospital Dr.JoséEleuterio González at Monterrey,Mexico.A total of 40 preterm neonates were classified into breast milk feeding(BM)and mixed feeding(MF)groups(21 in the BM group and 19 in the MF group),from October 2017 to June 2019.Fecal samples were collected before they were introduced to any feeding type.After full enteral feeding was achieved,the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Numerical variables were compared using Student’s t-test or using the Mann–Whitney U test for nonparametric variables.Dominance,evenness,equitability,Margalef’s index,Fisher’s alpha,Chao-1 index,and Shannon’s diversity index were also calculated.RESULTS No significant differences were observed at the genus level between the groups.Class comparison indicated higher counts of Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria in the initial compared to the final sample of the BM group(P<0.011).In addition,higher counts of Gammaproteobacteria were detected in the final than in the initial sample(P=0.040).According to the Margalef index,Fisher’s alpha,and Chao-1 index,a decrease in species richness from the initial to the final sample,regardless of the feeding type,was observed(P<0.050).The four predominant phyla were Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria,with Proteobacteria being the most abundant.However,no significant differences were observed between the initial and final samples at the phylum level.CONCLUSION Breastfeeding is associated with a decrease in Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria and an increase of Gammaproteobacteria,contributing to the literature of the gut microbiota structure of very low-birth-weight,preterm.

In-hospital outcomes of transapical versus surgical aortic valve replacement: from the U.S. national inpatient sample

OBJECTIVE To compare the outcomes of transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TA-TAVR)and surgical aortic valve replacement(SAVR)using a large US population sample.METHODS The U.S.National Inpatient Sample was queried for all patients who underwent TA-TAVR or SAVR during the years2016-2017.The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality.Secondary outcomes were in-hospital stroke,pericardiocentesis,pacemaker insertion,mechanical ventilation,vascular complications,major bleeding,acute kidney injury,length of stay,and cost of hospitalization.Outcomes were modeled using multi-variable logistic regression for binary outcomes and generalized linear models for continuous outcomes.RESULTS A total of 1560 TA-TAVR and 44,280 SAVR patients were included.Patients who underwent TA-TAVR were older and frailer.Compared to SAVR,TA-TAVR correlated with a higher mortality(4.5%vs.2.7%,effect size(SMD)=0.1)and higher periprocedural complications.Following multivariable analysis,both TA-TAVR and SAVR had a similar adjusted risk for in-hospital mortality.TA-TAVR correlated with lower odds of bleeding with(adjusted OR(aOR)=0.26;95%CI:0.18-0.38;P<0.001),and a shorter length of stay(adjusted mean ratio(aMR)=0.77;95%CI:0.69-0.84;P<0.001),but higher cost(aMR=1.18;95%CI:1.10-1.28;P<0.001).No significant differences in other study outcomes.In subgroup analysis,TA-TAVR in patients with chronic lung disease had higher odds for mortality(aOR=3.11;95%CI:1.37-7.08;P=0.007).CONCLUSION The risk-adjusted analysis showed that TA-TAVR has no advantage over SAVR except for patients with chronic lung disease where TA-TAVR has higher mortality.

长期冷冻对ELISA法检测血浆标本中HBsAg结果的影响

目的评价献血者HBsAg阳性血液标本在-20°C冻存8年后ELISA法HBsAg检测的结果,评估血站目前留样保存方式的有效性。方法收集本站2014年5月—2015年3月100份经HBsAg ELISA检测阳性的献血者血浆标本,冻存在-20°C冰箱,于2023年解冻标本并通过同种方法再次检测。结果100份血浆标本的HBsAg再检定性结果均为阳性,再检符合率100%,冻存后S/CO值降低明显(27.52 vs 19.03,P<0.05)。结论长期冻存会使HBsAg ELISA检测S/CO值下降,但不影响阳性定性结果。

LIMS抽样管理模块设计与实现

云南省质检院是省属法定检验检测机构,除了受理普通客户的委托检验订单外,更多的是各级政府和市场监督管理局指定的国抽、省抽、市抽订单。对于此类订单,需要指派抽样人员去市场或企业一线抽采检验样品。为方便管理涉及抽样的各类事项,本文设计了基于LIMS的抽样管理模块。该模块采用B/S架构,编码采用SpringMVC微服务,直接内嵌于现有的LIMS,可实现抽样任务管理、详情管理两大主要功能,并已部署于云南省质检院LIMS内网服务器。经实践证明,该模块能够统筹管理抽样人员和任务,不仅提高了抽样效率,而且提高了质量管理水平。

Isolation of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) <i>Salmonella typhi</i>from Blood Samples of Patients Attending Tertiary Medical Centre in Dhaka City, Bangladesh

Objective: Almost all year round occurrence of typhoid fever remains a major public health issue in Bangladesh. In recent years, there has been a significant rise in the prevalence of multi-drug resistance Salmonella typhi in Dhaka city. The major objective of this study was to observe the prevalence of multi-drug and Extended drug-resistant patterns of typhoidal Salmonella typhi among the patients attending a tertiary medical center by conventional culture and serologic test. Materials and Methods: Blood was collected by syringe and equally divided between aerobic & anaerobic BacT Alert bottle, 10 mL for paediatrics. Post isolation Salmonella strains were identified and were tested for antibiotic resistance. Results: A total of 600 blood samples of typhoid suspected patients were tested, where 32.5% came out positive, which were identified as Salmonella typhi. These isolates were susceptible to carbapenem drugs but highly resistant to Fluoroquinolones and Aminoglycosides antibiotics. Discussion: It was seen that 73.23% of isolates among male patients were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) meaning that isolates were sensitive against only one or two antibiotics while in the female it was 58.46%. Isolates from Female patients showed higher multi-drug resistant (MDR) (26.15%) isolates resistance to multiple antibiotics in comparison to isolates from the male (16.54%). 87.19% of the strains showed high drug resistance (XDR and MDR). Conclusion: The emergence of XDR and MDR strains of S. typhi in recent years is becoming a significant threat. Although no PAN-Drug resistance (resistant against all tested drugs) was observed in the current study, a high level of XDR and MDR isolates are indicating that the scenario might take place sooner than later.

基于熵权TOPSIS法的知识产权保护政策评价研究

通过对知识产权保护政策文本进行评价,可把握政策评价指标的重要性,为后续政策制定与调整提供重要的理论准备与决策支持。引入S-CAD政策分析法中的基本要素概念,从政策制定者、政策内容、政策参与者和政策价值4个维度建立知识产权保护政策评价分析框架,在此基础上构建知识产权保护政策评价指标体系,并运用熵权TOPSIS法对9项知识产权保护政策进行评价。结果显示,9项政策制定规范,政策重点突出,具有较高的社会及经济价值;但在部门协同、政策目标、政策措施及作用范围方面仍存在改善空间。针对以上问题,应加强政策制定过程中的部门协同,强化政策目标的相互融合,健全财政支持及人才激励制度,提升作用对象的多元性。

磁共振弥散加权成像联合血清SKP2检测在乳腺癌诊断中的价值

目的:探讨磁共振弥散加权成像(diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging,DWI)联合血清S期激酶相关蛋白酶2(S-phase kinase-related protease 2,SKP2)检测在乳腺癌诊断中的价值。方法:选取2020年5月至2022年4月河南大学第一附属医院诊治的女性单发乳腺肿块患者166例,最终病理检查确诊84例为乳腺癌(乳腺癌组)、82例为乳腺良性病变(良性病变组)。所有患者入院24 h内行DWI检查,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测血清SKP2 mRNA表达水平;绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清SKP2 mRNA及表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)诊断乳腺癌的效能;采用Kappa检验分析DWI单独及联合血清SKP2 mRNA诊断乳腺癌时与病理诊断结果的一致性。结果:DWI显示乳腺癌组形状不规则、边界模糊、淋巴结肿大、毛刺征、血管影增多比例显著高于良性病变组(P<0.05)。b值取600、800、1000 s/mm^(2)时,乳腺癌组DWI图像中的ADC均显著低于良性病变组(P<0.05)。b为600、800、1000 s/mm2的DWI诊断乳腺癌与病理诊断结果一致性均为较高(Kappa值为0.723、0.747、0.711,P<0.05)。乳腺癌组血清SKP2 mRNA表达水平显著高于良性病变组(P<0.05)。血清SKP2 mRNA、ADC诊断乳腺癌的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.859(95%CI 0.803~0.915)、0.905(95%CI 0.858~0.951),特异度分别为80.49%、89.02%,灵敏度分别为77.38%、85.71%。DWI联合血清SKP2 mRNA诊断乳腺癌与病理诊断结果一致性极高(Kappa值为0.855,P<0.05)。DWI联合血清SKP2 mRNA诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度、阴性预测值明显高于DWI、血清SKP2 mRNA单一检测诊断,准确度高于血清SKP2 mRNA单一检测诊断(P<0.05)。结论:DWI联合血清SKP2检测诊断乳腺癌具有良好的辅助参考价值,二者联合后灵敏度、阴性预测值较高。

基于双边闭环函数的T-S模糊模型非线性系统网络跟踪控制

研究了一类基于T-S模糊模型的非线性系统网络跟踪控制问题。首先基于输入时滞法,建立了考虑网络诱导时滞和数据丢包的T-S模糊模型非线性系统跟踪误差模型;然后利用采样区间[t_(k),t_(k+1))信息,构建了一个新的双边闭环Lyapunov-Krasovskii(L-K)泛函,并使用新的L-K泛函和自由权矩阵积分不等式,得到了非线性网络系统H_(∞)跟踪控制的稳定性判据,以及控制器的设计方法。仿真结果表明,在相同网络条件下,所设计模糊控制器产生的跟踪误差相比已有文献结果明显更小;在相同的H_(∞)跟踪性能要求下,比已有文献具有更大的输入时滞上界,表明相较于现有方法,所提方法的保守性更低。

Fault Diagnosis Model Based on Fuzzy Support Vector Machine Combined with Weighted Fuzzy Clustering

A fault diagnosis model is proposed based on fuzzy support vector machine (FSVM) combined with fuzzy clustering (FC).Considering the relationship between the sample point and non-self class,FC algorithm is applied to generate fuzzy memberships.In the algorithm,sample weights based on a distribution density function of data point and genetic algorithm (GA) are introduced to enhance the performance of FC.Then a multi-class FSVM with radial basis function kernel is established according to directed acyclic graph algorithm,the penalty factor and kernel parameter of which are optimized by GA.Finally,the model is executed for multi-class fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings.The results show that the presented model achieves high performances both in identifying fault types and fault degrees.The performance comparisons of the presented model with SVM and distance-based FSVM for noisy case demonstrate the capacity of dealing with noise and generalization.

Weighted composition operators from F(p,q,s) spaces to Bers-type spaces in the unit ball

This paper deals with the boundedness and compactness of the weighted composition operators from the F（p, q, s） spaces, including Hardy space, Bergman space, Qp space, BMOA space, Besov space and α-Bloch space, to Bers-type spaces Hv^∞（ or little Bers-type spaces Hv,o∞ ）, where v is normal.

The weighted quadratic index of biodiversity for pairs of species: a generalization of Rao’s index

The distribution of biodiversity at multiple sites of a region has been traditionally investigated through the additive partitioning of the regional biodiversity, called γ-diversity, into the average within-site biodiversity or α-diversity, and the biodiversity among sites, or β-diversity. The standard additive partitioning of diversity requires the use of a measure of diversity which is a concave function of the relative abundance of species, like the Shannon entropy or the Gini- Simpson index, for instance. When a phylogenetic distance between species is also taken into account, Rao’s quadratic index has been used as a measure of dissimilarity. Rao’s index, however, is not a concave function of the distribution of relative abundance of either individual species or pairs of species and, consequently, only some nonstandard additive partitionings of diversity have been given using this index. The objective of this paper is to show that the weighted quadratic index of biodiversity, a generalization of the weighted Gini-Simpson index to the pairs of species, is a concave function of the joint distribution of the relative abundance of pairs of species and, therefore, may be used in the standard additive partitioning of diversity instead of Rao’s index. The replication property of this new measure is also discussed.