At present, there is relatively little research on the synergistic effects of heavy metals in soil, sediment, and bedrock on heavy metal pollution in water bodies. In this paper, heavy metals in soil, sediment, bedroc...At present, there is relatively little research on the synergistic effects of heavy metals in soil, sediment, and bedrock on heavy metal pollution in water bodies. In this paper, heavy metals in soil, sediment, bedrock, and water of a typical karst watershed in southwest China were investigated. The results indicated that the average values of heavy metals in soil and sediment were relatively higher than those in bedrock except for Ni and As. During the research period, As and Cd were the main heavy metal elements polluting the soil and sediment in the study area, while water bodies were mainly polluted by Ni, As, and Cd. The pollution assessment indicated that there were instances of poor or very poor water quality in the study area during the study period;the soil as a whole was slightly polluted by Cd and As;sediment was subject to moderate Cd pollution and mild As pollution. Analysis of geochemical form for heavy metals showed that heavy metals in soil and sediment were mainly in residual form, and the proportions of exchangeable As and Cd were relatively high. Multiple statistical analysis showed that heavy metals in sediment, soil, and bedrock explained 23.8%, 16.8%, and 16.2% of the changes in heavy metals of water, respectively. The research results can provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in water bodies.展开更多
Iron sulfide is an important reductive pollutant in aquatic sediment,so that increasing attentions have been paid to it in recent years.In this paper,the formation of iron sulfide in water-body sediment was introduced...Iron sulfide is an important reductive pollutant in aquatic sediment,so that increasing attentions have been paid to it in recent years.In this paper,the formation of iron sulfide in water-body sediment was introduced.Moreover,its adverse influences upon environment were summarized,including direct contribution to deficiency of dissolved oxygen in water,association with eutrophication in water-bodies and impact on geochemical sulfur cycle.Since conventional chemical analysis for iron sulfide has several disadvantages,new technique for rapid determination of iron sulfide on-line was prospected.展开更多
The paper discussed the influence of the forms of sediment accumulation on the surface of glaciers on their chemical and physicochemical properties.The materials sampled from the surface of five glaciers of the Svalba...The paper discussed the influence of the forms of sediment accumulation on the surface of glaciers on their chemical and physicochemical properties.The materials sampled from the surface of five glaciers of the Svalbard Archipelago was analyzed.We studied such forms of sediment accumulation as dirt cones-the ice core covered with sediments and cryoconite holes-hollows on the glacier surface containing cryoconite material.Parameters such as total organic carbon content,microbiological activity,pH,the content of mobile forms of potassium and phosphorus,and concentrations of heavy and trace metals were studied.Also,mesomorphological studies were carried out and the polydisperse composition of the sediments was determined.According to the results of this work,it was found that the content of organic carbon in the material selected from dirt cones and cryoconite holes can be up to 2.5%,but the content of clay particles in it is mainly at the 10–15%level.Potassium concentrations are up to 250 mg/kg,and phosphorus is up to 800 mg/kg.The content of metals is typical or lower than in the previously published data.The main influence on the chemical composition of materials has a geographical factor of the sampling site,rather than the form of material accumulation.展开更多
In this paper, silt sediment is considered to be Bingham body, which is made up of coarse and fine particles in front of a hydraulic gate. The coarse and fine particles provide friction and shear stress in the course ...In this paper, silt sediment is considered to be Bingham body, which is made up of coarse and fine particles in front of a hydraulic gate. The coarse and fine particles provide friction and shear stress in the course of opening the gate. They constitute together the adhesion force of the sediment. Based on this viewpoint, this paper puts forward a formula for the effect of silt sediment on the lifting force. The formula includes gate weight, down-suction force, sealing rubber friction, plus-weight, water-column pressure, plus-silted-sediment weight and rolling(or sliding)-bearing friction. Finally, the verification results show that the formula has certain reliability and the calculation accuracy can meet the need of practical engineering.展开更多
基金Guizhou Provincial Key Technology R&D Program (2202023QKHZC).
文摘At present, there is relatively little research on the synergistic effects of heavy metals in soil, sediment, and bedrock on heavy metal pollution in water bodies. In this paper, heavy metals in soil, sediment, bedrock, and water of a typical karst watershed in southwest China were investigated. The results indicated that the average values of heavy metals in soil and sediment were relatively higher than those in bedrock except for Ni and As. During the research period, As and Cd were the main heavy metal elements polluting the soil and sediment in the study area, while water bodies were mainly polluted by Ni, As, and Cd. The pollution assessment indicated that there were instances of poor or very poor water quality in the study area during the study period;the soil as a whole was slightly polluted by Cd and As;sediment was subject to moderate Cd pollution and mild As pollution. Analysis of geochemical form for heavy metals showed that heavy metals in soil and sediment were mainly in residual form, and the proportions of exchangeable As and Cd were relatively high. Multiple statistical analysis showed that heavy metals in sediment, soil, and bedrock explained 23.8%, 16.8%, and 16.2% of the changes in heavy metals of water, respectively. The research results can provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in water bodies.
基金Supported by Homecoming Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LC06C04)Researcher Overseas Foundation of the Department of Education of Heilongjiang Province(1152hq19)
文摘Iron sulfide is an important reductive pollutant in aquatic sediment,so that increasing attentions have been paid to it in recent years.In this paper,the formation of iron sulfide in water-body sediment was introduced.Moreover,its adverse influences upon environment were summarized,including direct contribution to deficiency of dissolved oxygen in water,association with eutrophication in water-bodies and impact on geochemical sulfur cycle.Since conventional chemical analysis for iron sulfide has several disadvantages,new technique for rapid determination of iron sulfide on-line was prospected.
基金supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research(project No 19-05-50107)"The role of microparticles of organic carbon in degradation of ice cover of polar regions of the Earth and in the process of soil-like bodies formation".
文摘The paper discussed the influence of the forms of sediment accumulation on the surface of glaciers on their chemical and physicochemical properties.The materials sampled from the surface of five glaciers of the Svalbard Archipelago was analyzed.We studied such forms of sediment accumulation as dirt cones-the ice core covered with sediments and cryoconite holes-hollows on the glacier surface containing cryoconite material.Parameters such as total organic carbon content,microbiological activity,pH,the content of mobile forms of potassium and phosphorus,and concentrations of heavy and trace metals were studied.Also,mesomorphological studies were carried out and the polydisperse composition of the sediments was determined.According to the results of this work,it was found that the content of organic carbon in the material selected from dirt cones and cryoconite holes can be up to 2.5%,but the content of clay particles in it is mainly at the 10–15%level.Potassium concentrations are up to 250 mg/kg,and phosphorus is up to 800 mg/kg.The content of metals is typical or lower than in the previously published data.The main influence on the chemical composition of materials has a geographical factor of the sampling site,rather than the form of material accumulation.
基金Supported by Shandong Province Outstanding Young Scientist Award Fund(No.BS2014SF016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50979067)+1 种基金Ludong University Doctor Introduction Foundation(No.LY2014026 and No.LY2014028)the Open Research Fund Program of State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science(No.2012B104)
文摘In this paper, silt sediment is considered to be Bingham body, which is made up of coarse and fine particles in front of a hydraulic gate. The coarse and fine particles provide friction and shear stress in the course of opening the gate. They constitute together the adhesion force of the sediment. Based on this viewpoint, this paper puts forward a formula for the effect of silt sediment on the lifting force. The formula includes gate weight, down-suction force, sealing rubber friction, plus-weight, water-column pressure, plus-silted-sediment weight and rolling(or sliding)-bearing friction. Finally, the verification results show that the formula has certain reliability and the calculation accuracy can meet the need of practical engineering.
