The 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu earthquake in Japan caused serious damage to sewage facilities such as uplift of manholes and settlement of pavement above backfill soil for pipes.This paper deals with shake table tests i...The 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu earthquake in Japan caused serious damage to sewage facilities such as uplift of manholes and settlement of pavement above backfill soil for pipes.This paper deals with shake table tests in a 1 g gravity field on application of recycled materials for ground improvement to mitigation of liquefaction-induced flotation of manhole during earthquakes.The recycled materials used in tests were tire chips made of waste tires and crushed gravels made of waste reinforced concrete,and they were packed in sandbags.From the test results,it was confirmed that the recycled materials packed in sandbags could be treated as one of the countermeasures to restrain the flotation of manholes and settlement of ground surrounded by sandbags.展开更多
When human body is punched by boxing glove, both body surface and boxing glove deform in a complex shape. The purpose of this study is to develop a flexible sensor that can be used in such interface. Firstly, several ...When human body is punched by boxing glove, both body surface and boxing glove deform in a complex shape. The purpose of this study is to develop a flexible sensor that can be used in such interface. Firstly, several mechanical phenomena, which are the cause of the error signal of the sensor, are discussed. These are the influences of out-of-plane bending deformation, shear force caused by rubbing, shear force caused by the Poisson’s effect of contact material, and the lateral compressive force caused by the overhanging deformation of flexible material. Then, a prototype sensor that can eliminate the error factors of these is developed. The sensor is a distribution type impact sensor in which sixteen sensor elements are arranged in a 4 × 4 matrix. Punching experiments using a boxing glove are carried out by installing the sensor on the load cell, on the concrete wall and on the sandbag. From the experiment, it is found that the impact force can be measured with good accuracy by using the sensor. Despite the fact that the sensor has inadequate distribution number of sensor elements, the sensor structure meets mechanical requirements for the flexible impact sensor.展开更多
文摘The 2004 Niigata-ken Chuetsu earthquake in Japan caused serious damage to sewage facilities such as uplift of manholes and settlement of pavement above backfill soil for pipes.This paper deals with shake table tests in a 1 g gravity field on application of recycled materials for ground improvement to mitigation of liquefaction-induced flotation of manhole during earthquakes.The recycled materials used in tests were tire chips made of waste tires and crushed gravels made of waste reinforced concrete,and they were packed in sandbags.From the test results,it was confirmed that the recycled materials packed in sandbags could be treated as one of the countermeasures to restrain the flotation of manholes and settlement of ground surrounded by sandbags.
文摘When human body is punched by boxing glove, both body surface and boxing glove deform in a complex shape. The purpose of this study is to develop a flexible sensor that can be used in such interface. Firstly, several mechanical phenomena, which are the cause of the error signal of the sensor, are discussed. These are the influences of out-of-plane bending deformation, shear force caused by rubbing, shear force caused by the Poisson’s effect of contact material, and the lateral compressive force caused by the overhanging deformation of flexible material. Then, a prototype sensor that can eliminate the error factors of these is developed. The sensor is a distribution type impact sensor in which sixteen sensor elements are arranged in a 4 × 4 matrix. Punching experiments using a boxing glove are carried out by installing the sensor on the load cell, on the concrete wall and on the sandbag. From the experiment, it is found that the impact force can be measured with good accuracy by using the sensor. Despite the fact that the sensor has inadequate distribution number of sensor elements, the sensor structure meets mechanical requirements for the flexible impact sensor.
